Yohtaro Takano
Biographic Data
| ID | 653962 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Yohtaro Takano |
| GIVEN NAMES | Yohtaro |
| FAMILY NAME | Takano |
| SIGNATURE | TAKANO Y |
| AFFILIATIONS | The University of Tokyo |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9773-3627 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 8 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 14 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 8 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1993 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Cultural Stereotype and Its Hazards: ‘Japanese Collectivism' as a Case
Although it is widely believed that Japanese people are typical collectivists compared to individualistic Westerners, this view is not supported by empirical research. Employing 'Japanese collectivism' as a case example, this book explores how the dichotomous view of cultures was established and investigates how cultural stereotypes exacerbate emotional conflicts between human groups. Drawing on empirical findings, it theoretically analyses the p…
Information Seeking in a Non-Hypothesis Testing Task
Are Japanese More Collectivistic Than Americans: Examining Conformity in In-Groups and the Reference-Group Effect
This study examines whether the common view that Japanese are more collectivistic than Americans is valid or not in three respects: First, the authors point out that those empirical studies that were directly related to the commonly accepted definition of individualism and collectivism (I/C) did not support the common view and that those studies whose relations to I/C were merely inferred were inappropriate in judging its validity. Second, the au…
Absence of perceptual segmentation in image generation by normals
We used kanji characters (Chinese ideographic characters) and hiragana characters (Japanese phonographic characters) in the transfer‐appropriate processing paradigm to examine whether or not people without brain damage conduct perceptual segmentation while generating a visual mental image. Ninety‐six participants were divided into three study conditions: (a) seeing hiragana characters and generating a mental image of the corresponding kanji chara…
An unsupported common view: Comparing Japan and the U.S. on individualism/collectivism
It has long been believed that the Japanese are more collectivistic than the Americans. To assess the validity of this common view, we reviewed 15 empirical studies that compared these two nations on individualism/collectivism. Surprisingly, 14 studies did not support the common view; the only study that supported it turned out to bear little relevance to the ordinary definition of individualism/collectivism. An examination of the supportive evid…
Interlanguage Dissimilarity Enhances the Decline of Thinking Ability During Foreign Language Processing
This study tested a hypothesis that the "foreign language effect" is larger when similarity between a foreign language and a native language is less. Foreign language effect refers to a temporary decline of thinking ability during foreign language processing, a decline that is distinguished from foreign language processing difficulty per se. In the first of two divided-attention experiments, we compared 16 adult native speakers of German and 16 o…
Recognition of forms rotated in depth: A test of the information type theory
The present study aims at testing if the information type theory (Takano, 1989) is able to explain form recognition in the case of depth rotation. As in standard mental rotation experiments, 43 undergraduates were asked to judge whether two solid forms were the same or different. One of them had been rotated around a vertical axis. The theory predicted that reaction time should increase monotonically with angular disparity between the two forms w…
A Temporary Decline of Thinking Ability During Foreign Language Processing
It was predicted that the use of a foreign language should cause a temporary decline of thinking ability because the heavier processing load imposed by a foreign language than by a native language should produce stronger interference with thinking to be performed concurrently. A divided-attention experiment with Japanese-English and English-Japanese bilinguals confirmed this prediction: performance in a thinking task (i.e., calculation) declined …
Are Japanese More Collectivistic Than Americans: Examining Conformity in In-Groups and the Reference-Group Effect
This study examines whether the common view that Japanese are more collectivistic than Americans is valid or not in three respects: First, the authors point out that those empirical studies that were directly related to the commonly accepted definition of individualism and collectivism (I/C) did not support the common view and that those studies whose relations to I/C were merely inferred were inappropriate in judging its validity. Second, the au…
A Temporary Decline of Thinking Ability During Foreign Language Processing
It was predicted that the use of a foreign language should cause a temporary decline of thinking ability because the heavier processing load imposed by a foreign language than by a native language should produce stronger interference with thinking to be performed concurrently. A divided-attention experiment with Japanese-English and English-Japanese bilinguals confirmed this prediction: performance in a thinking task (i.e., calculation) declined …
Interlanguage Dissimilarity Enhances the Decline of Thinking Ability During Foreign Language Processing
This study tested a hypothesis that the "foreign language effect" is larger when similarity between a foreign language and a native language is less. Foreign language effect refers to a temporary decline of thinking ability during foreign language processing, a decline that is distinguished from foreign language processing difficulty per se. In the first of two divided-attention experiments, we compared 16 adult native speakers of German and 16 o…
Recognition of forms rotated in depth: A test of the information type theory
The present study aims at testing if the information type theory (Takano, 1989) is able to explain form recognition in the case of depth rotation. As in standard mental rotation experiments, 43 undergraduates were asked to judge whether two solid forms were the same or different. One of them had been rotated around a vertical axis. The theory predicted that reaction time should increase monotonically with angular disparity between the two forms w…
A Temporary Decline of Thinking Ability During Foreign Language Processing
It was predicted that the use of a foreign language should cause a temporary decline of thinking ability because the heavier processing load imposed by a foreign language than by a native language should produce stronger interference with thinking to be performed concurrently. A divided-attention experiment with Japanese-English and English-Japanese bilinguals confirmed this prediction: performance in a thinking task (i.e., calculation) declined …
Interlanguage Dissimilarity Enhances the Decline of Thinking Ability During Foreign Language Processing
This study tested a hypothesis that the "foreign language effect" is larger when similarity between a foreign language and a native language is less. Foreign language effect refers to a temporary decline of thinking ability during foreign language processing, a decline that is distinguished from foreign language processing difficulty per se. In the first of two divided-attention experiments, we compared 16 adult native speakers of German and 16 o…
An unsupported common view: Comparing Japan and the U.S. on individualism/collectivism
It has long been believed that the Japanese are more collectivistic than the Americans. To assess the validity of this common view, we reviewed 15 empirical studies that compared these two nations on individualism/collectivism. Surprisingly, 14 studies did not support the common view; the only study that supported it turned out to bear little relevance to the ordinary definition of individualism/collectivism. An examination of the supportive evid…
Absence of perceptual segmentation in image generation by normals
We used kanji characters (Chinese ideographic characters) and hiragana characters (Japanese phonographic characters) in the transfer‐appropriate processing paradigm to examine whether or not people without brain damage conduct perceptual segmentation while generating a visual mental image. Ninety‐six participants were divided into three study conditions: (a) seeing hiragana characters and generating a mental image of the corresponding kanji chara…
Are Japanese More Collectivistic Than Americans: Examining Conformity in In-Groups and the Reference-Group Effect
This study examines whether the common view that Japanese are more collectivistic than Americans is valid or not in three respects: First, the authors point out that those empirical studies that were directly related to the commonly accepted definition of individualism and collectivism (I/C) did not support the common view and that those studies whose relations to I/C were merely inferred were inappropriate in judging its validity. Second, the au…
Information Seeking in a Non-Hypothesis Testing Task
Cultural Stereotype and Its Hazards: ‘Japanese Collectivism' as a Case
Although it is widely believed that Japanese people are typical collectivists compared to individualistic Westerners, this view is not supported by empirical research. Employing 'Japanese collectivism' as a case example, this book explores how the dichotomous view of cultures was established and investigates how cultural stereotypes exacerbate emotional conflicts between human groups. Drawing on empirical findings, it theoretically analyses the p…
Psychology (8 works) · Cognitive psychology (5 works) · Social Psychology (5 works) · Computer Science (4 works) · Artificial Intelligence (3 works) · Artificial Intelligence (3 works) · Collectivism (3 works) · Cultural Differences and Values (3 works) · Individualism (3 works) · Political science (3 works)