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R Kelly Garrett

Biographic Data

ID669089
NAMER Kelly Garrett
GIVEN NAMESR Kelly
FAMILY NAMEGarrett
SIGNATUREGARRETT R K
AFFILIATIONSThe Ohio State University
ORCID0000-0001-7022-7452
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS36
TOTAL CITATIONS741
AUTHOR COUNT36
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR2007
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2026
H-INDEX11
  • The Presumed Prevalence/Persuasiveness of Online Misinformation and Americans’ Dissatisfaction With Democracy

    Open Access•Chloe Mortenson, Erik C Nisbet et al.•ARTICLE•Social Media + Society•2026•References: 27

    American public discourse about online misinformation often exaggerates its prevalence and persuasiveness, potentially harming Americans’ evaluations of democratic governance. This project uses two studies conducted during the 2020 and 2022 elections to test whether the presumed prevalence/persuasiveness of online misinformation (P3OM)—the perception that online misinformation is both widespread and persuasive—undermines Americans’ satisfaction w…

  • Self-Reported Exposure and Beliefs About Misinformation Across a U.S. Presidential Election Cycle

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Robert M Bond et al.•ARTICLE•Political Communication•2025•References: 19

  • Misperceptions in sociopolitical context

    Open Access•Qin Li, Robert M Bond et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Communication•2023

    Numerous studies have shown that individuals’ belief sensitivity—their ability to discriminate between true and false political statements—varies according to psychological and demographic characteristics. We argue that sensitivity also varies with the political and social communication contexts in which they live. Both battleground state status of the state in which individuals live and the level of partisan segregation in a state are associated…

  • Bursts of contemporaneous publication among high- and low-credibility online information providers

    Open Access•Ceren Budak, Lia Bozarth et al.•ARTICLE•New Media & Society•2023•Cited by: 2•References: 18

    In studies of misinformation, the distinction between high- and low-credibility publishers is fundamental. However, there is much that we do not know about the relationship between the subject matter and timing of content produced by the two types of publishers. By analyzing the content of several million unique articles published over 28 months, we show that high- and low-credibility publishers operate in distinct news ecosystems. Bursts of news…

  • Conservatives’ susceptibility to political misperceptions

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Robert M Bond•ARTICLE•Science Advances•2021

    Conservatives are less able to distinguish truths and falsehoods than liberals, and the information environment helps explain why.

  • Better Crowdcoding

    Ceren Budak, R Kelly Garrett et al.•ARTICLE•Communication Methods and Measures•2021•Cited by: 3•References: 11

    In this work, we evaluate different instruction strategies to improve the quality of crowdcoding for the concept of civility. We test the effectiveness of training, codebooks, and their combination through 2 × 2 experiments conducted on two different populations – students and Amazon Mechanical Turk workers. In addition, we perform simulations to evaluate the trade-off between cost and performance associated with different instructional strategie…

  • From Partisan Media to Misperception

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, J A Long et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Communication•2019

    This article provides evidence that affective polarization is an important mechanism linking conservative media use to political misperceptions. Partisan media’s potential to polarize is well documented, and there are numerous ways in which hostility toward political opponents might promote the endorsement of inaccurate beliefs. We test this mediated model using data collected via nationally representative surveys conducted during two recent U.S.…

  • Flagging Facebook Falsehoods

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Shannon Poulsen•ARTICLE•Journal of Computer-Mediated…•2019•Cited by: 5•References: 13

    We present two studies evaluating the effectiveness of flagging inaccurate political posts on social media. In Study 1, we tested fact-checker flags, peer-generated flags, and a flag indicating that the publisher self-identified as a source of humor. We predicted that all would be effective, that their effectiveness would depend on prior beliefs, and that the self-identified humor flag would work best. Conducting a 2-wave online experiment (N = 2…

  • Toeing the Party Lie

    R Kelly Garrett, Daniel Sude et al.•ARTICLE•Political Communication•2019•Cited by: 2•References: 7

    Research suggests that ostracism could promote endorsement of partisan falsehoods. Socially excluded individuals are uniquely attentive to distinctions between in-groups and out-groups, and act in ways intended to promote group belonging, potentially including a greater willingness to accept claims made by other group members. We test this assertion with a 2 (ostracism) X 2 (anonymity) X 2 (topic) mixed factorial design using the Ostracism Online…

  • Processing Style and Responsiveness to Corrective Information

    Open Access•Dustin Carnahan, R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•International Journal of Public…•2019•Cited by: 4•References: 13

    The limited influence of corrective messages is one of the most striking observations in the misperceptions literature. We elaborate on this well-known outcome, showing that correction effectiveness varies according to recipients’ judgment strategy. Using data from two online experiments, we demonstrate that individuals’ responses to corrective messages are less biased by prior attitudes when they engage in on-line rather than memory-based proces…

  • Promoting Persuasion With Ideologically Tailored Science Messages

    Open Access•Kate T Luong, R Kelly Garrett et al.•ARTICLE•Science Communication•2019•Cited by: 2•References: 49

    Motivated reasoning in response to disconfirming science information presents a challenging barrier to science communication. This article presents a novel approach to emphasis framing, in which functionally equivalent information is framed using ideologically consistent values and tailored to the audiences. In contrast to traditional framing approaches, science information is held constant across frames and only interpretations of the informatio…

  • Social Identity, Selective Exposure, and Affective Polarization

    Open Access•Magdalena Wojcieszak, R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•Human Communication Research•2018•Cited by: 56•References: 46

    We use three online experiments—two selection-based and one forced-exposure—to demonstrate that increasing the salience of national identity can promote affective polarization toward undocumented immigrants, both directly and indirectly, via the selection of pro- and counter-attitudinal articles about immigration. As anticipated, across both selection studies, priming national identity exacerbates polarization among immigration opponents. For tha…

  • Epistemic beliefs’ role in promoting misperceptions and conspiracist ideation

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Brian E Weeks et al.•ARTICLE•PLoS ONE•2017

    Widespread misperceptions undermine citizens' decision-making ability. Conclusions based on falsehoods and conspiracy theories are by definition flawed. This article demonstrates that individuals' epistemic beliefs-beliefs about the nature of knowledge and how one comes to know-have important implications for perception accuracy. The present study uses a series of large, nationally representative surveys of the U.S. population to produce valid an…

  • On retiring concepts

    R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•Annals of the International…•2017•References: 13

    Katz and Fialkoff have a provocative proposal. They assert that it is time to retire six concepts that communication scholars have studied for decades. This is not how we typically think about adva

  • The new information frontier

    Jennifer Earl, R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•Social movement studies•2017•Cited by: 7•References: 63

    The information environment that social movements face is increasingly complex, making traditional assumptions about media, messaging, and communication used in social movement studies less relevant. Building on work begun within the study of digital protest, we argue that a greater integration of political communication research within social movement studies could offer substantial research contributions. We illustrate this claim by discussing …

  • Driving a Wedge Between Evidence and Beliefs

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Brian E Weeks et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Computer-Mediated…•2016•Cited by: 31•References: 17

    This article has 2 goals: to provide additional evidence that exposure to ideological online news media contributes to political misperceptions, and to test 3 forms this media-effect might take. Analyses are based on representative survey data collected during the 2012 U.S. presidential election (N = 1,004). Panel data offer persuasive evidence that biased news site use promotes inaccurate beliefs, while cross-sectional data provide insight into …

  • Candidate Vulnerability and Exposure to Counterattitudinal Information

    Open Access•Dustin Carnahan, R Kelly Garrett et al.•ARTICLE•Human Communication Research•2016•Cited by: 2•References: 46

    Politically motivated selective exposure has traditionally been understood through the lens of long-standing attitudes and beliefs, but the role of environment in shaping information exposure practices merits further consideration. Citizens might respond to the political environment in their information-seeking behavior for numerous reasons. Citizens who believe their position is politically vulnerable have specific cognitive and affective needs …

  • The Partisan Brain

    Open Access•Erik C Nisbet, Kathryn E Cooper et al.•ARTICLE•The Annals of the American…•2015•Cited by: 76•References: 48

    There has been deepening concern about political polarization in public attitudes toward the scientific community. The "intrinsic thesis" attributes this polarization to psychological deficiencies among conservatives as compared to liberals. The "contextual thesis" makes no such claims about inherent psychological differences between conservatives and liberals, but rather points to interacting institutional and psychological factors as the forces…

  • Partisan Paths to Exposure Diversity

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Natalie Jomini Stroud•ARTICLE•Journal of Communication•2014

    This study examines selective exposure to political information, arguing that attraction to proattitudinal information and aversion to counterattitudinal information are distinct phenomena, and that the tendency to engage in these behaviors varies by partisanship. Data collected in a strict online experiment support these predictions. Republicans are significantly more likely to engage in selective avoidance of predominantly counterattitudinal in…

  • Political Participation and Ideological News Online

    Jennifer Brundidge, R Kelly Garrett et al.•ARTICLE•Mass Communication & Society•2014•Cited by: 12•References: 27

    Observations of the contemporary news media environment often revolve around the topics of ideological polarization and blurred boundaries between mass and interpersonal communication. This study explores these topics through a focus on the association between ideologically oriented online news use, commenting on online news, and political participation. We hypothesize that both ideological online news use generally and proattitudinal online news…

  • Electoral Consequences of Political Rumors

    B E Weeks, R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•International Journal of Public…•2014•Cited by: 27•References: 19

    Using national telephone survey data collected immediately after the 2008 U.S. presi-dential election (N 600), this study examines real-world consequences of inaccurate political rumors. First, individuals more willingly believe negative rumors about a candidate from the opposing party than from their party. However, rumor rebuttals are uniformly effective and do not produce backfire effects. Second, the probability of voting for a candidate decr…

  • Implications of Pro- and Counterattitudinal Information Exposure for Affective Polarization

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Shira Dvir Gvirsman et al.•ARTICLE•Human Communication Research•2014•Cited by: 130•References: 49

    The American electorate is characterized by political polarization, and especially by increasingly negative affective responses toward opposing party members. To what extent might this be attributed to exposure to information reinforcing individuals' partisan identity versus information representing the views of partisan opponents? And is this a uniquely American phenomenon? This study uses survey data collected immediately following recent natio…

  • Undermining the Corrective Effects of Media-Based Political Fact Checking? The Role of Contextual Cues and Naïve Theory

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Erik C Nisbet et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Communication•2013

    Media-based fact checking contributes to more accurate political knowledge, but its corrective effects are limited. We argue that biographical information included in a corrective message, which is often unrelated to the inaccurate claim itself, can activate misperception-congruent naïve theories, increasing confidence in a misperception's plausibility and inducing skepticism toward denials. Resistance to corrections occurs regardless of initial …

  • Selective Exposure

    R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•Communication Methods and Measures•2013•Cited by: 7•References: 17

    This special issue of Communication Methods and Measures tackles difficult questions relating to the empirical study of politically motivated selective exposure. In this brief response, I reflect on the state of the research area and attempt to bring these articles into conversation with one another and with the larger field. My essay is organized in terms of four broad themes: the debate over selective avoidance, the value of big data, the chang…

  • A Turn Toward Avoidance? Selective Exposure to Online Political Information, 2004–2008

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Dustin Carnahan et al.•ARTICLE•Political Behavior•2013•Cited by: 106•References: 35

Next
  • Echo chambers online

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•Journal of Computer-Mediated…•2009•Cited by: 184•References: 10

    A review of research suggests that the desire for opinion reinforcement may play a more important role in shaping individuals' exposure to online political information than an aversion to opinion challenge. The article tests this idea using data collected via a web-administered behavior-tracking study with subjects recruited from the readership of 2 partisan online news sites (N = 727). The results demonstrate that opinion-reinforcing information…

  • Implications of Pro- and Counterattitudinal Information Exposure for Affective Polarization

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Shira Dvir Gvirsman et al.•ARTICLE•Human Communication Research•2014•Cited by: 130•References: 49

    The American electorate is characterized by political polarization, and especially by increasingly negative affective responses toward opposing party members. To what extent might this be attributed to exposure to information reinforcing individuals' partisan identity versus information representing the views of partisan opponents? And is this a uniquely American phenomenon? This study uses survey data collected immediately following recent natio…

  • A Turn Toward Avoidance? Selective Exposure to Online Political Information, 2004–2008

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Dustin Carnahan et al.•ARTICLE•Political Behavior•2013•Cited by: 106•References: 35

  • The Partisan Brain

    Open Access•Erik C Nisbet, Kathryn E Cooper et al.•ARTICLE•The Annals of the American…•2015•Cited by: 76•References: 48

    There has been deepening concern about political polarization in public attitudes toward the scientific community. The "intrinsic thesis" attributes this polarization to psychological deficiencies among conservatives as compared to liberals. The "contextual thesis" makes no such claims about inherent psychological differences between conservatives and liberals, but rather points to interacting institutional and psychological factors as the forces…

  • Social Identity, Selective Exposure, and Affective Polarization

    Open Access•Magdalena Wojcieszak, R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•Human Communication Research•2018•Cited by: 56•References: 46

    We use three online experiments—two selection-based and one forced-exposure—to demonstrate that increasing the salience of national identity can promote affective polarization toward undocumented immigrants, both directly and indirectly, via the selection of pro- and counter-attitudinal articles about immigration. As anticipated, across both selection studies, priming national identity exacerbates polarization among immigration opponents. For tha…

  • Driving a Wedge Between Evidence and Beliefs

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Brian E Weeks et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Computer-Mediated…•2016•Cited by: 31•References: 17

    This article has 2 goals: to provide additional evidence that exposure to ideological online news media contributes to political misperceptions, and to test 3 forms this media-effect might take. Analyses are based on representative survey data collected during the 2012 U.S. presidential election (N = 1,004). Panel data offer persuasive evidence that biased news site use promotes inaccurate beliefs, while cross-sectional data provide insight into …

  • Troubling Consequences of Online Political Rumoring

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•Human Communication Research•2011•Cited by: 29•References: 45

    Journal Article Troubling Consequences of Online Political Rumoring Get access R. Kelly Garrett R. Kelly Garrett 1School of Communication, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA 1Corresponding author: R. Kelly Garrett; Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Human Communication Research, Volume 37, Issue 2, 1 April 2011, Pages 255–274, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2010.01401.x Published: 01 Apri…

  • Electoral Consequences of Political Rumors

    B E Weeks, R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•International Journal of Public…•2014•Cited by: 27•References: 19

    Using national telephone survey data collected immediately after the 2008 U.S. presi-dential election (N 600), this study examines real-world consequences of inaccurate political rumors. First, individuals more willingly believe negative rumors about a candidate from the opposing party than from their party. However, rumor rebuttals are uniformly effective and do not produce backfire effects. Second, the probability of voting for a candidate decr…

  • On-line and Memory-based

    Open Access•Young Mie Kim, R Kelly Garrett et al.•ARTICLE•Political Behavior•2012•Cited by: 17•References: 25

  • Political Participation and Ideological News Online

    Jennifer Brundidge, R Kelly Garrett et al.•ARTICLE•Mass Communication & Society•2014•Cited by: 12•References: 27

    Observations of the contemporary news media environment often revolve around the topics of ideological polarization and blurred boundaries between mass and interpersonal communication. This study explores these topics through a focus on the association between ideologically oriented online news use, commenting on online news, and political participation. We hypothesize that both ideological online news use generally and proattitudinal online news…

  • Resisting Political Fragmentation on the Internet

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Paul Resnick•ARTICLE•Daedalus•2011•Cited by: 11•References: 11

    Must the Internet promote political fragmentation? Although this is a possible outcome of personalized online news, we argue that other futures are possible and that thoughtful design could promote more socially desirable behavior. Research has shown that individuals crave opinion reinforcement more than they avoid exposure to diverse viewpoints and that, in many situations, hearing the other side is desirable. We suggest that, equipped with this…

  • Which Telework? Defining and Testing a Taxonomy of Technology-Mediated Work at a Distance

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, James N Danziger et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science Computer Review•2007•Cited by: 9•References: 2

    Telework has been the subject of study for longer than a quarter century, yet its causes and consequences are poorly understood. A key reason for this shortcoming is that scholars define and use the concept in many different ways. This article presents a taxonomy of telework, distinguishing among three distinct forms: fixed-site telework, mobile telework, and flexiwork. It then offers a series of research questions about the associations among th…

  • The new information frontier

    Jennifer Earl, R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•Social movement studies•2017•Cited by: 7•References: 63

    The information environment that social movements face is increasingly complex, making traditional assumptions about media, messaging, and communication used in social movement studies less relevant. Building on work begun within the study of digital protest, we argue that a greater integration of political communication research within social movement studies could offer substantial research contributions. We illustrate this claim by discussing …

  • Selective Exposure

    R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•Communication Methods and Measures•2013•Cited by: 7•References: 17

    This special issue of Communication Methods and Measures tackles difficult questions relating to the empirical study of politically motivated selective exposure. In this brief response, I reflect on the state of the research area and attempt to bring these articles into conversation with one another and with the larger field. My essay is organized in terms of four broad themes: the debate over selective avoidance, the value of big data, the chang…

  • Disaffection or expected outcomes

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, James N Danziger et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Computer-Mediated…•2008•Cited by: 7•References: 4

    Many contemporary analyses of personal Internet use during work explain the behavior in terms of workplace disaffection. However, evidence for this interpretation is mixed. This article posits that an approach emphasizing the expected outcomes of Internet use more effectively explains the behavior. The 2 approaches are tested using survey data collected from more than 1,000 U.S.-based computer-using workers. About 4/5 of those workers do engage i…

  • IM = Interruption Management? Instant Messaging and Disruption in the Workplace

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, James N Danziger et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Computer-Mediated…•2007•Cited by: 6•References: 3

    Some scholars worry that Instant Messaging (IM), by virtue of the ease with which users can initiate and participate in online conversations, contributes to an increase in task interruption. Others argue that workers use IM strategically, employing it in ways that reduce interruption. This article examines the relationship between IM and inter-ruption, using data collected via a (U.S.) national telephone survey of full-time workers who regularly …

  • Revolutionary Secrets

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, P Edwards et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science Computer Review•2007•Cited by: 6•References: 9

    In the late 1980s, Operation Vula brought exiled African National Congress (ANC) leaders and military capacity into South Africa despite legal and military obstacles. According to participants, a purpose-built encrypted communication system was critical to this success, but what was the significance of the technology? Was it simply a catalyst for change within the ANC leadership, or did the system crucially alter the political situation? This cas…

  • Flagging Facebook Falsehoods

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Shannon Poulsen•ARTICLE•Journal of Computer-Mediated…•2019•Cited by: 5•References: 13

    We present two studies evaluating the effectiveness of flagging inaccurate political posts on social media. In Study 1, we tested fact-checker flags, peer-generated flags, and a flag indicating that the publisher self-identified as a source of humor. We predicted that all would be effective, that their effectiveness would depend on prior beliefs, and that the self-identified humor flag would work best. Conducting a 2-wave online experiment (N = 2…

  • Processing Style and Responsiveness to Corrective Information

    Open Access•Dustin Carnahan, R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•International Journal of Public…•2019•Cited by: 4•References: 13

    The limited influence of corrective messages is one of the most striking observations in the misperceptions literature. We elaborate on this well-known outcome, showing that correction effectiveness varies according to recipients’ judgment strategy. Using data from two online experiments, we demonstrate that individuals’ responses to corrective messages are less biased by prior attitudes when they engage in on-line rather than memory-based proces…

  • Better Crowdcoding

    Ceren Budak, R Kelly Garrett et al.•ARTICLE•Communication Methods and Measures•2021•Cited by: 3•References: 11

    In this work, we evaluate different instruction strategies to improve the quality of crowdcoding for the concept of civility. We test the effectiveness of training, codebooks, and their combination through 2 × 2 experiments conducted on two different populations – students and Amazon Mechanical Turk workers. In addition, we perform simulations to evaluate the trade-off between cost and performance associated with different instructional strategie…

  • Bursts of contemporaneous publication among high- and low-credibility online information providers

    Open Access•Ceren Budak, Lia Bozarth et al.•ARTICLE•New Media & Society•2023•Cited by: 2•References: 18

    In studies of misinformation, the distinction between high- and low-credibility publishers is fundamental. However, there is much that we do not know about the relationship between the subject matter and timing of content produced by the two types of publishers. By analyzing the content of several million unique articles published over 28 months, we show that high- and low-credibility publishers operate in distinct news ecosystems. Bursts of news…

  • Toeing the Party Lie

    R Kelly Garrett, Daniel Sude et al.•ARTICLE•Political Communication•2019•Cited by: 2•References: 7

    Research suggests that ostracism could promote endorsement of partisan falsehoods. Socially excluded individuals are uniquely attentive to distinctions between in-groups and out-groups, and act in ways intended to promote group belonging, potentially including a greater willingness to accept claims made by other group members. We test this assertion with a 2 (ostracism) X 2 (anonymity) X 2 (topic) mixed factorial design using the Ostracism Online…

  • Promoting Persuasion With Ideologically Tailored Science Messages

    Open Access•Kate T Luong, R Kelly Garrett et al.•ARTICLE•Science Communication•2019•Cited by: 2•References: 49

    Motivated reasoning in response to disconfirming science information presents a challenging barrier to science communication. This article presents a novel approach to emphasis framing, in which functionally equivalent information is framed using ideologically consistent values and tailored to the audiences. In contrast to traditional framing approaches, science information is held constant across frames and only interpretations of the informatio…

  • Candidate Vulnerability and Exposure to Counterattitudinal Information

    Open Access•Dustin Carnahan, R Kelly Garrett et al.•ARTICLE•Human Communication Research•2016•Cited by: 2•References: 46

    Politically motivated selective exposure has traditionally been understood through the lens of long-standing attitudes and beliefs, but the role of environment in shaping information exposure practices merits further consideration. Citizens might respond to the political environment in their information-seeking behavior for numerous reasons. Citizens who believe their position is politically vulnerable have specific cognitive and affective needs …

  • IM = Interruption Management? Instant Messaging and Disruption in the Workplace

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, James N Danziger et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Computer-Mediated…•2007•Cited by: 6•References: 3

    Some scholars worry that Instant Messaging (IM), by virtue of the ease with which users can initiate and participate in online conversations, contributes to an increase in task interruption. Others argue that workers use IM strategically, employing it in ways that reduce interruption. This article examines the relationship between IM and inter-ruption, using data collected via a (U.S.) national telephone survey of full-time workers who regularly …

  • Revolutionary Secrets

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, P Edwards et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science Computer Review•2007•Cited by: 6•References: 9

    In the late 1980s, Operation Vula brought exiled African National Congress (ANC) leaders and military capacity into South Africa despite legal and military obstacles. According to participants, a purpose-built encrypted communication system was critical to this success, but what was the significance of the technology? Was it simply a catalyst for change within the ANC leadership, or did the system crucially alter the political situation? This cas…

  • Which Telework? Defining and Testing a Taxonomy of Technology-Mediated Work at a Distance

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, James N Danziger et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science Computer Review•2007•Cited by: 9•References: 2

    Telework has been the subject of study for longer than a quarter century, yet its causes and consequences are poorly understood. A key reason for this shortcoming is that scholars define and use the concept in many different ways. This article presents a taxonomy of telework, distinguishing among three distinct forms: fixed-site telework, mobile telework, and flexiwork. It then offers a series of research questions about the associations among th…

  • Disaffection or expected outcomes

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, James N Danziger et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Computer-Mediated…•2008•Cited by: 7•References: 4

    Many contemporary analyses of personal Internet use during work explain the behavior in terms of workplace disaffection. However, evidence for this interpretation is mixed. This article posits that an approach emphasizing the expected outcomes of Internet use more effectively explains the behavior. The 2 approaches are tested using survey data collected from more than 1,000 U.S.-based computer-using workers. About 4/5 of those workers do engage i…

  • Politically Motivated Reinforcement Seeking

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•Journal of Communication•2009

    Journal Article Politically Motivated Reinforcement Seeking: Reframing the Selective Exposure Debate Get access R. Kelly Garrett R. Kelly Garrett 1School of Communication, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43221, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Communication, Volume 59, Issue 4, December 2009, Pages 676–699, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2009.01452.x Published: 10 December 2009

  • Echo chambers online

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•Journal of Computer-Mediated…•2009•Cited by: 184•References: 10

    A review of research suggests that the desire for opinion reinforcement may play a more important role in shaping individuals' exposure to online political information than an aversion to opinion challenge. The article tests this idea using data collected via a web-administered behavior-tracking study with subjects recruited from the readership of 2 partisan online news sites (N = 727). The results demonstrate that opinion-reinforcing information…

  • A New Era of Minimal Effects? A Response to Bennett and Iyengar

    Open Access•R L Holbert, R Kelly Garrett et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Communication•2010

    This article takes up Bennett and Iyengar's (2008) call for debate about the future of political communication effects research. We outline 4 key criticisms. First, Bennett and Iyengar are too quick to dismiss the importance of attitude reinforcement, long recognized as an important type of political media influence. Second, the authors take too narrow a view of the sources of political information, remaining fixated on news. Third, they offer an…

  • E-Democracy Writ Small

    R Kelly Garrett, Michael J Jensen•ARTICLE•Information Communication & Society•2011

    This article examines how elected officials' interactions with neighborhood groups, business interests, issue groups, and other stakeholders are shaped by their use of the Internet and by characteristics of local e-government infrastructure. The study utilizes data from a nationwide survey of local elected officials and from an analysis of corresponding local government websites. Results show that Internet use is associated with a significant inc…

  • Resisting Political Fragmentation on the Internet

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Paul Resnick•ARTICLE•Daedalus•2011•Cited by: 11•References: 11

    Must the Internet promote political fragmentation? Although this is a possible outcome of personalized online news, we argue that other futures are possible and that thoughtful design could promote more socially desirable behavior. Research has shown that individuals crave opinion reinforcement more than they avoid exposure to diverse viewpoints and that, in many situations, hearing the other side is desirable. We suggest that, equipped with this…

  • Troubling Consequences of Online Political Rumoring

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•Human Communication Research•2011•Cited by: 29•References: 45

    Journal Article Troubling Consequences of Online Political Rumoring Get access R. Kelly Garrett R. Kelly Garrett 1School of Communication, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA 1Corresponding author: R. Kelly Garrett; Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Human Communication Research, Volume 37, Issue 2, 1 April 2011, Pages 255–274, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2010.01401.x Published: 01 Apri…

  • On-line and Memory-based

    Open Access•Young Mie Kim, R Kelly Garrett et al.•ARTICLE•Political Behavior•2012•Cited by: 17•References: 25

  • Undermining the Corrective Effects of Media-Based Political Fact Checking? The Role of Contextual Cues and Naïve Theory

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Erik C Nisbet et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Communication•2013

    Media-based fact checking contributes to more accurate political knowledge, but its corrective effects are limited. We argue that biographical information included in a corrective message, which is often unrelated to the inaccurate claim itself, can activate misperception-congruent naïve theories, increasing confidence in a misperception's plausibility and inducing skepticism toward denials. Resistance to corrections occurs regardless of initial …

  • Selective Exposure

    R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•Communication Methods and Measures•2013•Cited by: 7•References: 17

    This special issue of Communication Methods and Measures tackles difficult questions relating to the empirical study of politically motivated selective exposure. In this brief response, I reflect on the state of the research area and attempt to bring these articles into conversation with one another and with the larger field. My essay is organized in terms of four broad themes: the debate over selective avoidance, the value of big data, the chang…

  • A Turn Toward Avoidance? Selective Exposure to Online Political Information, 2004–2008

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Dustin Carnahan et al.•ARTICLE•Political Behavior•2013•Cited by: 106•References: 35

  • Partisan Paths to Exposure Diversity

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Natalie Jomini Stroud•ARTICLE•Journal of Communication•2014

    This study examines selective exposure to political information, arguing that attraction to proattitudinal information and aversion to counterattitudinal information are distinct phenomena, and that the tendency to engage in these behaviors varies by partisanship. Data collected in a strict online experiment support these predictions. Republicans are significantly more likely to engage in selective avoidance of predominantly counterattitudinal in…

  • Political Participation and Ideological News Online

    Jennifer Brundidge, R Kelly Garrett et al.•ARTICLE•Mass Communication & Society•2014•Cited by: 12•References: 27

    Observations of the contemporary news media environment often revolve around the topics of ideological polarization and blurred boundaries between mass and interpersonal communication. This study explores these topics through a focus on the association between ideologically oriented online news use, commenting on online news, and political participation. We hypothesize that both ideological online news use generally and proattitudinal online news…

  • Electoral Consequences of Political Rumors

    B E Weeks, R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•International Journal of Public…•2014•Cited by: 27•References: 19

    Using national telephone survey data collected immediately after the 2008 U.S. presi-dential election (N 600), this study examines real-world consequences of inaccurate political rumors. First, individuals more willingly believe negative rumors about a candidate from the opposing party than from their party. However, rumor rebuttals are uniformly effective and do not produce backfire effects. Second, the probability of voting for a candidate decr…

  • Implications of Pro- and Counterattitudinal Information Exposure for Affective Polarization

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Shira Dvir Gvirsman et al.•ARTICLE•Human Communication Research•2014•Cited by: 130•References: 49

    The American electorate is characterized by political polarization, and especially by increasingly negative affective responses toward opposing party members. To what extent might this be attributed to exposure to information reinforcing individuals' partisan identity versus information representing the views of partisan opponents? And is this a uniquely American phenomenon? This study uses survey data collected immediately following recent natio…

  • The Partisan Brain

    Open Access•Erik C Nisbet, Kathryn E Cooper et al.•ARTICLE•The Annals of the American…•2015•Cited by: 76•References: 48

    There has been deepening concern about political polarization in public attitudes toward the scientific community. The "intrinsic thesis" attributes this polarization to psychological deficiencies among conservatives as compared to liberals. The "contextual thesis" makes no such claims about inherent psychological differences between conservatives and liberals, but rather points to interacting institutional and psychological factors as the forces…

  • Driving a Wedge Between Evidence and Beliefs

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Brian E Weeks et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Computer-Mediated…•2016•Cited by: 31•References: 17

    This article has 2 goals: to provide additional evidence that exposure to ideological online news media contributes to political misperceptions, and to test 3 forms this media-effect might take. Analyses are based on representative survey data collected during the 2012 U.S. presidential election (N = 1,004). Panel data offer persuasive evidence that biased news site use promotes inaccurate beliefs, while cross-sectional data provide insight into …

  • Candidate Vulnerability and Exposure to Counterattitudinal Information

    Open Access•Dustin Carnahan, R Kelly Garrett et al.•ARTICLE•Human Communication Research•2016•Cited by: 2•References: 46

    Politically motivated selective exposure has traditionally been understood through the lens of long-standing attitudes and beliefs, but the role of environment in shaping information exposure practices merits further consideration. Citizens might respond to the political environment in their information-seeking behavior for numerous reasons. Citizens who believe their position is politically vulnerable have specific cognitive and affective needs …

  • Epistemic beliefs’ role in promoting misperceptions and conspiracist ideation

    Open Access•R Kelly Garrett, Brian E Weeks et al.•ARTICLE•PLoS ONE•2017

    Widespread misperceptions undermine citizens' decision-making ability. Conclusions based on falsehoods and conspiracy theories are by definition flawed. This article demonstrates that individuals' epistemic beliefs-beliefs about the nature of knowledge and how one comes to know-have important implications for perception accuracy. The present study uses a series of large, nationally representative surveys of the U.S. population to produce valid an…

  • On retiring concepts

    R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•Annals of the International…•2017•References: 13

    Katz and Fialkoff have a provocative proposal. They assert that it is time to retire six concepts that communication scholars have studied for decades. This is not how we typically think about adva

  • The new information frontier

    Jennifer Earl, R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•Social movement studies•2017•Cited by: 7•References: 63

    The information environment that social movements face is increasingly complex, making traditional assumptions about media, messaging, and communication used in social movement studies less relevant. Building on work begun within the study of digital protest, we argue that a greater integration of political communication research within social movement studies could offer substantial research contributions. We illustrate this claim by discussing …

  • Social Identity, Selective Exposure, and Affective Polarization

    Open Access•Magdalena Wojcieszak, R Kelly Garrett•ARTICLE•Human Communication Research•2018•Cited by: 56•References: 46

    We use three online experiments—two selection-based and one forced-exposure—to demonstrate that increasing the salience of national identity can promote affective polarization toward undocumented immigrants, both directly and indirectly, via the selection of pro- and counter-attitudinal articles about immigration. As anticipated, across both selection studies, priming national identity exacerbates polarization among immigration opponents. For tha…

Social Media and Politics (26 works) · Psychology (24 works) · Political science (23 works) · Politics (18 works) · Computer Science (17 works) · Social Psychology (16 works) · Sociology (16 works) · Law (14 works) · Misinformation and Its Impacts (13 works) · Social Psychology (12 works)

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