Andreas Koutsoudas
Biographic Data
| ID | 744639 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Andreas Koutsoudas |
| GIVEN NAMES | Andreas |
| FAMILY NAME | Koutsoudas |
| SIGNATURE | KOUTSOUDAS A |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Michigan |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 17 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 30 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 17 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1957 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1981 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Constraints on Linearization Rules
Relational Grammar and Invariant Ordering Grammar both take the linear order of constituents to be a superficial property of sentences which can be predicted by a set of so-called word-order or linearization rules. The constraints which these two theories have imposed on their respective linearization rules are examined, and are shown to make wrong predictions about the possible word orders that active and passive sentences exhibit across languag…
The question of rule ordering
The main goal of linguistic research is to develop a theory of grammar, i.e. a set of universal principles to characterize human language. Since languages vary superficially, this goal is achieved only when it is shown that superficial differences among languages can be accounted for by the theory of grammar. Clearly, then, the more that superficial differences among languages can be accounted for by universal principles, the more the field will …
The Application of Phonological Rules
Phonological evidence is presented in support of the hypothesis that all restrictions on the relative order of application of grammatical rules are determined by universal rather than language-specific principles. For a systematically representative set of synchronic and diachronic facts, previously accounted for by means of non-uniyersal extrinsic-ordering constraints, it is shown that there are alternative explanations of equal or greater gener…
The Strict Order Fallacy
The question considered here is the correctness of the assumption that transformational rules are extrinsically ordered. One type of argument that has frequently been given in support of this assumption is shown to be invalid: it shows that if the rules in question are to be extrinsically ordered, they must be ordered in some particular way, but it fails to show that the facts cannot be accounted for without imposing extrinsic order on these rule…
Writing Transformational Grammars
Writing Transformational Grammars
On wh-words in English
1. It is a well-known fact that in English wh-words occur both in interrogative sentences and in certain complex sentences (e.g. in relative clauses), and that whenever this is the case, the members of each such set of wh-words found are identical in form and have related meanings. For example, the interrogative pronoun in sentence (1) is identical in form to the relative pronoun in sentence (2); furthermore, these pronouns have a related meaning…
Object Particles in Lebanese
Verb Morphology of Modern Greek
The Handling of Morphophonemic Processes in Transformational Grammars
The Morpheme Reconsidered
Some Further Results on the Resolution of Ambiguity of Syntactic Function by Linear Context
A modified procedure for identifying the Russian -o/-e/-ee adverbial modifier or predicative complement and providing its correct English equivalent by mechanical translation
Linguistics and Machine Translation
Defining Linear Context to Resolve Lexical Ambiguity
This paper sets out a mechanical procedure for eliminating ambiguities in machine translation in cases where a word in the source language has a number of equivalents in the target language. The procedure depends on the inspection of linear word context and the establishing of “diagnostic environments” for the ambiguous words. In the experiment described, the context was restricted to one word before and one following the ambiguous word. It demon…
The Plural Number of Nouns
A set of rules has been constructed to resolve the ambiguity of the grammatical number of certain Russian nouns. These rules were tested on 2,655 ambiguous nouns taken from a 30,152 word text in the field of physics. By making certain modifications, the validity of the rules was increased to approximately 99
Mechanical Translation and Zipf's Law
[A problem which arises in the course of research on mechanical translation is the prediction of dictionary size. This article investigates the relation between empirical frequency laws and the function V(n)—the expected number of different words in an n-word sample of text. It is found that the probability-law proposed by Joos (1936) yields results which do not check well with experiments, and it is concluded that some modification of it is nece…
Ambiguity of Syntactic Function Resolved by Linear Context
The Application of Phonological Rules
Phonological evidence is presented in support of the hypothesis that all restrictions on the relative order of application of grammatical rules are determined by universal rather than language-specific principles. For a systematically representative set of synchronic and diachronic facts, previously accounted for by means of non-uniyersal extrinsic-ordering constraints, it is shown that there are alternative explanations of equal or greater gener…
The question of rule ordering
The main goal of linguistic research is to develop a theory of grammar, i.e. a set of universal principles to characterize human language. Since languages vary superficially, this goal is achieved only when it is shown that superficial differences among languages can be accounted for by the theory of grammar. Clearly, then, the more that superficial differences among languages can be accounted for by universal principles, the more the field will …
The Strict Order Fallacy
The question considered here is the correctness of the assumption that transformational rules are extrinsically ordered. One type of argument that has frequently been given in support of this assumption is shown to be invalid: it shows that if the rules in question are to be extrinsically ordered, they must be ordered in some particular way, but it fails to show that the facts cannot be accounted for without imposing extrinsic order on these rule…
On wh-words in English
1. It is a well-known fact that in English wh-words occur both in interrogative sentences and in certain complex sentences (e.g. in relative clauses), and that whenever this is the case, the members of each such set of wh-words found are identical in form and have related meanings. For example, the interrogative pronoun in sentence (1) is identical in form to the relative pronoun in sentence (2); furthermore, these pronouns have a related meaning…
The Morpheme Reconsidered
Object Particles in Lebanese
Mechanical Translation and Zipf's Law
[A problem which arises in the course of research on mechanical translation is the prediction of dictionary size. This article investigates the relation between empirical frequency laws and the function V(n)—the expected number of different words in an n-word sample of text. It is found that the probability-law proposed by Joos (1936) yields results which do not check well with experiments, and it is concluded that some modification of it is nece…
Mechanical Translation and Zipf's Law
[A problem which arises in the course of research on mechanical translation is the prediction of dictionary size. This article investigates the relation between empirical frequency laws and the function V(n)—the expected number of different words in an n-word sample of text. It is found that the probability-law proposed by Joos (1936) yields results which do not check well with experiments, and it is concluded that some modification of it is nece…
Ambiguity of Syntactic Function Resolved by Linear Context
The Plural Number of Nouns
A set of rules has been constructed to resolve the ambiguity of the grammatical number of certain Russian nouns. These rules were tested on 2,655 ambiguous nouns taken from a 30,152 word text in the field of physics. By making certain modifications, the validity of the rules was increased to approximately 99
Linguistics and Machine Translation
Defining Linear Context to Resolve Lexical Ambiguity
This paper sets out a mechanical procedure for eliminating ambiguities in machine translation in cases where a word in the source language has a number of equivalents in the target language. The procedure depends on the inspection of linear word context and the establishing of “diagnostic environments” for the ambiguous words. In the experiment described, the context was restricted to one word before and one following the ambiguous word. It demon…
Some Further Results on the Resolution of Ambiguity of Syntactic Function by Linear Context
A modified procedure for identifying the Russian -o/-e/-ee adverbial modifier or predicative complement and providing its correct English equivalent by mechanical translation
The Morpheme Reconsidered
Verb Morphology of Modern Greek
The Handling of Morphophonemic Processes in Transformational Grammars
Object Particles in Lebanese
Writing Transformational Grammars
On wh-words in English
1. It is a well-known fact that in English wh-words occur both in interrogative sentences and in certain complex sentences (e.g. in relative clauses), and that whenever this is the case, the members of each such set of wh-words found are identical in form and have related meanings. For example, the interrogative pronoun in sentence (1) is identical in form to the relative pronoun in sentence (2); furthermore, these pronouns have a related meaning…
Writing Transformational Grammars
The Strict Order Fallacy
The question considered here is the correctness of the assumption that transformational rules are extrinsically ordered. One type of argument that has frequently been given in support of this assumption is shown to be invalid: it shows that if the rules in question are to be extrinsically ordered, they must be ordered in some particular way, but it fails to show that the facts cannot be accounted for without imposing extrinsic order on these rule…
The Application of Phonological Rules
Phonological evidence is presented in support of the hypothesis that all restrictions on the relative order of application of grammatical rules are determined by universal rather than language-specific principles. For a systematically representative set of synchronic and diachronic facts, previously accounted for by means of non-uniyersal extrinsic-ordering constraints, it is shown that there are alternative explanations of equal or greater gener…
The question of rule ordering
The main goal of linguistic research is to develop a theory of grammar, i.e. a set of universal principles to characterize human language. Since languages vary superficially, this goal is achieved only when it is shown that superficial differences among languages can be accounted for by the theory of grammar. Clearly, then, the more that superficial differences among languages can be accounted for by universal principles, the more the field will …
Constraints on Linearization Rules
Relational Grammar and Invariant Ordering Grammar both take the linear order of constituents to be a superficial property of sentences which can be predicted by a set of so-called word-order or linearization rules. The constraints which these two theories have imposed on their respective linearization rules are examined, and are shown to make wrong predictions about the possible word orders that active and passive sentences exhibit across languag…
Linguistics (14 works) · Philosophy (14 works) · Computer Science (13 works) · Natural language processing (8 works) · Natural Language Processing Techniques (8 works) · Philosophy (8 works) · Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation (6 works) · Artificial Intelligence (5 works) · Artificial Intelligence (5 works) · Mathematics (5 works)