Shona Dalal
Biographic Data
| ID | 7554609 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Shona Dalal |
| GIVEN NAMES | Shona |
| FAMILY NAME | Dalal |
| SIGNATURE | DALAL S |
| AFFILIATIONS | Harvard University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1684-7452 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 14 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 14 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2010 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
Promising results of HIV prevention trials highlight the benefits of collaboration in global health
This work was supported, in whole or in part, by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [INV045445]. Under the grant conditions of the Foundation, a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Generic License has already been assigned to the Author Accepted Manuscript version that might arise from this submission. The Forum for Collaborative Research, as an organization, also receives grants from the pharmaceutical industry but these are unrestricted and not s…
Out-of-pocket Expenses and Time Spent on Clinic Visits Among HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Users and Other Clinic Attendees in Eswatini
User costs constitute a barrier to the uptake of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), but their magnitude appears rarely assessed. In this prospective observational study, we assessed self-reported out-of-pocket expenses (OOPE) and time spent on clinic visits during a PrEP demonstration project in Eswatini. At six public primary care clinics, 240 PrEP users and other clinic attendees were interviewed after a clinic visit. Among the 79.2% of clini…
The impact of scaling up cervical cancer screening and treatment services among women living with HIV in Kenya
Introduction: We aimed to quantify health outcomes and programmatic implications of scaling up cervical cancer (CC) screening and treatment options for women living with HIV in care aged 18-65 in Kenya. Methods: Mathematical model comparing from 2020 to 2040: (1) visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and cryotherapy (Cryo); (2) VIA and Cryo or loop excision electrical procedure (LEEP), as indicated; (3) human papillomavirus (HPV)-DNA testing a…
Social intolerance, risky sexual behaviors and their association with HIV knowledge among Ugandan adults
Understanding the link between HIV knowledge, risky sexual behaviors, and social intolerance such as stigma and discrimination is important for HIV prevention and treatment program planning. We investigated whether intolerant attitudes and practices among Ugandan adults were associated with HIV-transmission knowledge. We analyzed data from a nationally representative population-based household survey, the 2011 Uganda AIDS Indicator Survey. A tota…
Burden of depressive symptoms and non-alcohol substance abuse; and their association with alcohol use and partner violence
In sub-Saharan Africa, there are limited data on burden of non-alcohol substance abuse (NAS) and depressive symptoms (DS), yet potential risk factors such as alcohol and intimate partner violence (IPV) are common and NAS abuse may be the rise. The aim of this study was to measure the burden of DS and NAS abuse, and determine whether alcohol use and IPV are associated with DS and/or NAS abuse. We conducted a cross-sectional study at five sites in …
Consumption of processed food dietary patterns in four African populations
Objective To identify predominant dietary patterns in four African populations and examine their association with obesity. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting/Subjects We used data from the Africa/Harvard School of Public Health Partnership for Cohort Research and Training (PaCT) pilot study established to investigate the feasibility of a multi-country longitudinal study of non-communicable chronic disease in sub-Saharan Africa. We applied prin…
Examining the effects of HIV self‐testing compared to standard HIV testing services
Introduction : HIV self‐testing (HIVST) is a discreet and convenient way to reach people with HIV who do not know their status, including many who may not otherwise test. To inform World Health Organization (WHO) guidance, we assessed the effect of HIVST on uptake and frequency of testing, as well as identification of HIV‐positive persons, linkage to care, social harm, and risk behaviour. Methods : We systematically searched for studies comparing…
Willingness to use short-term oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) by migrant miners and female partners of migrant miners in Mozambique
Migrant miners from Mozambique who work in South Africa and their partners are at substantial risk for HIV infection. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the willingness of migrant miners and female partners of miners to take short-term pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for prevention of HIV acquisition. The study was conducted in Gaza Province, Mozambique, between September and October 2015. A total of 131 male miners and female partner…
Urban and rural prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes and risk factors associated with diabetes in Tanzania and Uganda
BACKGROUND: The increase in prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa underlines the importance of understanding its magnitude and causes in different population groups. We analyzed data from the Africa/Harvard Partnership for Cohort Research and Training (PaCT) studies to determine the prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes and risk factors associated with diabetes. METHODOLOGY: Participants were randomly selected from peri-…
Urban–rural and geographic differences in overweight and obesity in four sub-Saharan African adult populations
The high prevalence of overweight and obesity in these sub-Saharan African countries and the differentials in prevalence and risk factors further highlights the need for urgent focused intervention to stem this trend, especially among women, professionals and urban dwellers
Feasibility of a large cohort study in sub-Saharan Africa assessed through a four-country study
BACKGROUND: Large prospective epidemiologic studies are vital in determining disease etiology and forming national health policy. Yet, such studies do not exist in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) notwithstanding the growing burden of chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE: We explored the feasibility of establishing a large-scale multicountry prospective study at five sites in four sub-Saharan countries. DESIGN: Based on country-specific considerations of feasibil…
The burden of hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa
The prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension are high, and differ by population group defined by occupation and degree of urbanization. Only half of the populations with hypertension are aware of their hypertension, indicating a high burden of undiagnosed and un-controlled high blood pressure in these populations
Non-communicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa
BACKGROUND: Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has a disproportionate burden of both infectious and chronic diseases compared with other world regions. Current disease estimates for SSA are based on sparse data, but projections indicate increases in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) caused by demographic and epidemiologic transitions. We review the literature on NCDs in SSA and summarize data from the World Health Organization and International Agency for R…
Advancing public health genomics in Africa through prospective cohort studies
Human genomic studies have revolutionised science in high-income countries through large cohort studies (on the order of 100,000+ participants) which examine a multitude of risk factors. Yet Africa, with the most genetically diverse population in the world, large burdens of communicable and non-communicable diseases, and unique environments and risk factors, has no such large studies which comprehensively examine multiple interacting risk factors…
No prominent works on this page.
Advancing public health genomics in Africa through prospective cohort studies
Human genomic studies have revolutionised science in high-income countries through large cohort studies (on the order of 100,000+ participants) which examine a multitude of risk factors. Yet Africa, with the most genetically diverse population in the world, large burdens of communicable and non-communicable diseases, and unique environments and risk factors, has no such large studies which comprehensively examine multiple interacting risk factors…
Non-communicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa
BACKGROUND: Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has a disproportionate burden of both infectious and chronic diseases compared with other world regions. Current disease estimates for SSA are based on sparse data, but projections indicate increases in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) caused by demographic and epidemiologic transitions. We review the literature on NCDs in SSA and summarize data from the World Health Organization and International Agency for R…
Feasibility of a large cohort study in sub-Saharan Africa assessed through a four-country study
BACKGROUND: Large prospective epidemiologic studies are vital in determining disease etiology and forming national health policy. Yet, such studies do not exist in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) notwithstanding the growing burden of chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE: We explored the feasibility of establishing a large-scale multicountry prospective study at five sites in four sub-Saharan countries. DESIGN: Based on country-specific considerations of feasibil…
The burden of hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa
The prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension are high, and differ by population group defined by occupation and degree of urbanization. Only half of the populations with hypertension are aware of their hypertension, indicating a high burden of undiagnosed and un-controlled high blood pressure in these populations
Urban and rural prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes and risk factors associated with diabetes in Tanzania and Uganda
BACKGROUND: The increase in prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa underlines the importance of understanding its magnitude and causes in different population groups. We analyzed data from the Africa/Harvard Partnership for Cohort Research and Training (PaCT) studies to determine the prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes and risk factors associated with diabetes. METHODOLOGY: Participants were randomly selected from peri-…
Urban–rural and geographic differences in overweight and obesity in four sub-Saharan African adult populations
The high prevalence of overweight and obesity in these sub-Saharan African countries and the differentials in prevalence and risk factors further highlights the need for urgent focused intervention to stem this trend, especially among women, professionals and urban dwellers
Examining the effects of HIV self‐testing compared to standard HIV testing services
Introduction : HIV self‐testing (HIVST) is a discreet and convenient way to reach people with HIV who do not know their status, including many who may not otherwise test. To inform World Health Organization (WHO) guidance, we assessed the effect of HIVST on uptake and frequency of testing, as well as identification of HIV‐positive persons, linkage to care, social harm, and risk behaviour. Methods : We systematically searched for studies comparing…
Willingness to use short-term oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) by migrant miners and female partners of migrant miners in Mozambique
Migrant miners from Mozambique who work in South Africa and their partners are at substantial risk for HIV infection. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the willingness of migrant miners and female partners of miners to take short-term pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for prevention of HIV acquisition. The study was conducted in Gaza Province, Mozambique, between September and October 2015. A total of 131 male miners and female partner…
Burden of depressive symptoms and non-alcohol substance abuse; and their association with alcohol use and partner violence
In sub-Saharan Africa, there are limited data on burden of non-alcohol substance abuse (NAS) and depressive symptoms (DS), yet potential risk factors such as alcohol and intimate partner violence (IPV) are common and NAS abuse may be the rise. The aim of this study was to measure the burden of DS and NAS abuse, and determine whether alcohol use and IPV are associated with DS and/or NAS abuse. We conducted a cross-sectional study at five sites in …
Consumption of processed food dietary patterns in four African populations
Objective To identify predominant dietary patterns in four African populations and examine their association with obesity. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting/Subjects We used data from the Africa/Harvard School of Public Health Partnership for Cohort Research and Training (PaCT) pilot study established to investigate the feasibility of a multi-country longitudinal study of non-communicable chronic disease in sub-Saharan Africa. We applied prin…
Social intolerance, risky sexual behaviors and their association with HIV knowledge among Ugandan adults
Understanding the link between HIV knowledge, risky sexual behaviors, and social intolerance such as stigma and discrimination is important for HIV prevention and treatment program planning. We investigated whether intolerant attitudes and practices among Ugandan adults were associated with HIV-transmission knowledge. We analyzed data from a nationally representative population-based household survey, the 2011 Uganda AIDS Indicator Survey. A tota…
The impact of scaling up cervical cancer screening and treatment services among women living with HIV in Kenya
Introduction: We aimed to quantify health outcomes and programmatic implications of scaling up cervical cancer (CC) screening and treatment options for women living with HIV in care aged 18-65 in Kenya. Methods: Mathematical model comparing from 2020 to 2040: (1) visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and cryotherapy (Cryo); (2) VIA and Cryo or loop excision electrical procedure (LEEP), as indicated; (3) human papillomavirus (HPV)-DNA testing a…
Out-of-pocket Expenses and Time Spent on Clinic Visits Among HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Users and Other Clinic Attendees in Eswatini
User costs constitute a barrier to the uptake of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), but their magnitude appears rarely assessed. In this prospective observational study, we assessed self-reported out-of-pocket expenses (OOPE) and time spent on clinic visits during a PrEP demonstration project in Eswatini. At six public primary care clinics, 240 PrEP users and other clinic attendees were interviewed after a clinic visit. Among the 79.2% of clini…
Promising results of HIV prevention trials highlight the benefits of collaboration in global health
This work was supported, in whole or in part, by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [INV045445]. Under the grant conditions of the Foundation, a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Generic License has already been assigned to the Author Accepted Manuscript version that might arise from this submission. The Forum for Collaborative Research, as an organization, also receives grants from the pharmaceutical industry but these are unrestricted and not s…
Medicine (13 works) · Environmental health (10 works) · Demography (7 works) · Public health (6 works) · Internal Medicine (5 works) · Population (5 works) · Tanzania (5 works) · Cohort (4 works) · Family medicine (4 works) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (4 works)