Urban and rural prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes and risk factors associated with diabetes in Tanzania and Uganda

Bibliographic Data

ID19529587
AuthorsFaraja Chiwanga (0000-0003-0033-568X, Muhimbili National Hospital, corresponding author), Faraja S Chiwanga (Endocrinology and Diabetes UnitDepartment of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam), Marina Njelekela (0000-0002-1536-2878, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences), Marina A Njelekela, Megan B Diamond (0009-0000-7135-6731, Harvard University), Francis Bajunirwe (0000-0002-1326-5230, Mbarara University of Science and Technology), D Guwatudde (0000-0003-3563-0224, Makerere University), Joan Nankya-Mutyoba (0000-0002-0661-5933, Makerere University), Robert Kalyesubula (0000-0003-3211-163X, Makerere University), Clement Adebamowo (0000-0002-6571-2880, University of Maryland, Baltimore), IkeOluwapo O Ajayi (0000-0001-7719-8746, University of Ibadan), IkeOluwapo Ajayi, Todd G Reid (Harvard University), Jimmy Volmink (0000-0001-9027-3237, South African Medical Research Council), Carien Laurence (Stellenbosch University), Hans-Olov Adami, Hans‐Olov Adami (0000-0001-9592-5791, Harvard University), Michelle D Holmes (0000-0002-8664-2172, Brigham and Women's Hospital), Shona Dalal (0000-0003-1684-7452, Harvard University)
Year2016
Volume9
Issue1
Pages31440-31440
Publication date2016-12-01
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueGlobal Health Action (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1654-9716 • E-ISSN: 1654-9880
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.3402/gha.v9.31440
PMID27221531
OpenAlexW2408158467
LanguageEN
Citations received8
References cited18

BACKGROUND: The increase in prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa underlines the importance of understanding its magnitude and causes in different population groups. We analyzed data from the Africa/Harvard Partnership for Cohort Research and Training (PaCT) studies to determine the prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes and risk factors associated with diabetes. METHODOLOGY: Participants were randomly selected from peri-urban (n=297) and rural (n=200) communities in Uganda, and teachers were recruited from schools (n=229) in urban Tanzania. We used a standardized questionnaire to collect socio-demographic and self-reported disease status including diabetes status. Blood glucose was also measured after participants fasted for 8 h. We used standard protocols for anthropometric and blood pressure measurement. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of diabetes was 10.1% and was highest in rural Ugandan residents (16.1%) compared to teachers in Tanzania (8.3%) and peri-urban Ugandan residents (7.6%). The prevalence of pre-diabetes was 13.8%. The prevalence of self-reported diabetes was low across all sites, where 68% of participants with diabetes were not captured by self-report. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, family history (OR 2.5, 95% CI: 1.1, 5.6) and hypertension (OR 2.3, 95% CI: 1.1, 5.2) were significantly associated with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in Uganda and Tanzania is high, differs markedly between population groups, and remains undiagnosed in an alarmingly high proportion of individuals. These findings highlight the need for large-scale, prospective studies to accurately quantify the burden and identify effective intervention and treatment strategies across diverse African populations

Anthropometry · Diabetes mellitus · Environmental health · Geography · Logistic regression · Population · Tanzania · Demography · Diabetes and associated disorders · Diabetes Management and Education · Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins · Medicine · Endocrinology · Gerontology · Internal Medicine

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