María Victoria Murillo
Biographic Data
| ID | 770246 |
|---|---|
| NAME | María Victoria Murillo |
| GIVEN NAMES | María Victoria |
| FAMILY NAME | Murillo |
| SIGNATURE | MURILLO M V |
| AFFILIATIONS | Columbia University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6972-4750 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 54 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1098 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 53 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1994 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 15 |
Peasant Resistance in Times of Economic Affluence: Lessons From Paraguay
Contrary to the established belief that low agricultural prices fuel peasant rebellion, our study investigates the surge in peasant unrest during a period of high agricultural prices. The transition to capital-intensive agriculture, characterized by reduced labor demand and heightened entry barriers, prompts landowners to expand into the agricultural frontier during periods of price increases. In these frontier regions, the soils, while comparati…
Brechas de género en las ciencias sociales. Un análisis de citaciones y temáticas científicas en Argentina
El trabajo se propone analizar el impacto del género de las personas investigadoras en los patrones de citación, y en la probabilidad de focalizarse en temáticas de género en investigadoras/es de sociología y ciencia política del Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), la institución científica más importante de Argentina. El corpus son los tres trabajos más citados de 253 científicos y científicas de ambas disciplin…
Argentina 2023: La irrupción de Javier Milei en la política argentina
La elección del histriónico economista Javier Milei, autodenominado anarcocapitalista, un completo outsider con ideas ultraliberales en lo económico, conservadoras en lo social y con tintes autoritarios en relación a las instituciones democráticas, es sin duda una novedad para el sistema político argentino. En un contexto de crisis económica con una inflación interanual que superaba el 200%, la mayoría eligió a este outsider, cuya victoria parecí…
Campos académicos más allá de la dicotomía centro-periferia
Este trabajo muestra que las ciencias sociales argentinas constituyen un campo intermedio con sus propias instituciones, incentivos y circuitos de consagración, que mitiga las influencias del centro académico. Utiliza como muestra los tres artículos más citados de los investigadores más internacionalizados, pertenecientes al Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (Conicet) de las Comisiones de Sociología y Ciencia Política…
Heeding to the Losers: Legislators' Trade‐Policy Preferences and Legislative Behavior
Electoral incentives affect legislators' responsiveness to voters, parties, and other stakeholders. Proportional representation (PR) electoral systems with party control over nominations foster party discipline and reduce legislators' responsiveness to local constituents when at odds with the party. Yet, even under closed‐list PR regimes policymakers have incentives to respond to local interests who help advance their political careers. We illust…
Lateinamerika / Latin America
The Most Vulnerable Poor: Clientelism Among Slum Dwellers
The Politics of Institutional Weakness in Latin America
Analysts and policymakers often decry the failure of institutions to accomplish their stated purpose. Bringing together leading scholars of Latin American politics, this volume helps us understand why. The volume offers a conceptual and theoretical framework for studying weak institutions. It introduces different dimensions of institutional weakness and explores the origins and consequences of that weakness. Drawing on recent research on constitu…
Argentina: Peronism Returns
In October 2019, Argentina's incumbent president Mauricio Macri was defeated by Alberto Fernández, the candidate of a Peronist coalition. Macri's 2015 victory was hailed at the time as the onset of a right-wing regional wave, but his 2019 defeat shows that the period to follow was in fact one of higher electoral competition and presidential turnover. Macri's weak economic performance and the fact that he confronted a single Peronist ticket, in co…
Protests of Abundance: Distributive Conflict Over Agricultural Rents During the Commodities Boom in Argentina, 2003–2013
Whereas the scholarship on rural contention mostly focuses on austerity and busts, we study protests by agricultural export producers in times of high agricultural prices. Aware of price volatility, farmers seek to take advantage of cycles’ upswings to maximize their income and resist sharing the rents generated by higher prices. When farmers lack the formal political influence to avert redistribution, they are more likely to protest as their tax…
Understanding Institutional Weakness: Power and Design in Latin American Institutions
This Element introduces the concept of institutional weakness, arguing that weakness or strength is a function of the extent to which an institution actually matters to social, economic or political outcomes. It then presents a typology of three forms of institutional weakness: insignificance, in which rules are complied with but do not affect the way actors behave; non-compliance, in which state elites either choose not to enforce the rules or f…
Investigando las influencias internacionales en las ciencias sociales argentinas
Este artículo lleva a cabo un análisis empírico del estilo de investigación en las ciencias sociales en Argentina basado en las publicaciones más citadas de la/os investigadora/es del Conicet de las áreas de ciencia política y sociología. A partir de un corpus de 760 artículos, se testean estadísticamente una serie de hipótesis sobre el vínculo entre formación doctoral, estilo de investigación y la adopción de metodologías. El trabajo efe…
Local Economic Voting and the Agricultural Boom in Argentina, 2007-2015
This article investigates the effect of local economic conditions on voting behavior by focusing on the export-oriented agricultural areas of Argentina during the commodities boom. It assesses the marginal effect of export wealth on electoral outcomes by studying the impact of soybean production, the main Argentine export product during this period. The combination of rising agricultural prices and a salient national tax on exports allows us to e…
Economic performance and incumbents' support in Latin America
Argentina: El protagonismo de los votantes y la alternancia electoral
las elecciones de 2015 dieron paso a la alternancia gubernamental en Argentina.La llegada de un nuevo Presidente, que no es ni peronista ni
Curtains for Argentina's Kirchner Era
In 2014, the currency devaluation and inflationary spike dented the president's popularity and eroded perceptions of her government's economic competence
How Investor Portfolios Shape Regulatory Outcomes: Privatized Infrastructure After Crises
Latin American Political Economy: Making Sense of a New Reality
This brief article is designed to highlight an unfortunate discrepancy in the field of Latin American political economy. The field's raison d'être has never been more compelling. Latin American societies have simultaneously been experiencing profound transformations-including democratic consolidation, demographic transition, and the growth of identity politics-and a palpable sense of déjà vu animated by the recovery of commodity prices and the re…
Lessons from Latin America: Building Institutions on Weak Foundations
This article examines patterns of institutional change in Latin America. It argues that unlike advanced industrialized democracies, where institutions evolve gradually and wholesale change is rare, many new democracies in Latin America are characterized by serial displacement, in which constitutions, electoral rules, and other institutions change both radically and frequently. Serial displacement is a product of extreme uncertainty and frequent i…
Sensitivity to Issue Framing on Trade Policy Preferences: Evidence from a Survey Experiment
We explore the impact of issue framing on individual attitudes toward international trade. Based on a survey experiment fielded in Argentina during 2007, which reproduces the setup of earlier studies in the United States, we show that individuals' position in the economy and their material concerns define the strength of their prior beliefs about international trade, and thereby mitigate their sensitivity to the new dimensions introduced in infor…
When Parties Meet Voters: Assessing Political Linkages Through Partisan Networks and Distributive Expectations in Argentina and Chile
This article provides a new comparative methodology for the study of party–voter linkages from the perspective of voters, where the critical question that distinguishes clientelistic from programmatic parties is access to publicly provided benefits. In the former case, partisan networks mediate access to goods. In the latter, beneficiaries are defined by policy and access is independent from partisan distribution networks. We show that these diff…
Cuando los partidos políticos se encuentran con sus votantes: Un análisis de los vínculos políticos a través de las redes partidarias y las expectativas distributivas en Argentina y Chile
Este artículo propone un nuevo método comparado para el estudio de los vínculos entre los partidos políticos y los electores. Visto desde los electores, la principal distinción entre los partidos clientelares y los programáticos se encuentra en el modo de acceso a los beneficios públicos. En el primer caso, partidos clientelares, las redes partidarias median en el acceso a los beneficios públicos. En el segundo caso, partidos programáticos, los b…
Teachers Unions and Public Education: A Discussion of Terry Moe's Special Interest: Teachers Unions and America's Public Schools
Public education is one of the most important “public goods” of a democratic society. In recent decades, public policy analysts, public intellectuals, and politicians have debated the state of public education in the United States and have argued about the sorts of public policies that might best promote the academic achievement, educational success, and political socialization of youth. Terry Moe and John Chubb have been important contributors t…
Argentina: The Persistence of Peronism
Despite a rocky first term, Peronist President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner saw her popularity rebound, leading to a huge reelection victory in 2011. The election served as a reminder of the remarkable durability and ideologically flexible appeal of the Peronist "brand" in Argentine politics. It also showed the ability of what we might call the Kirchnerist center-left sub-brand of Peronism to dominate at the polls given a divided set of rivals,…
Variación en la fortaleza institucional
Comparative research on political institutions has begun to turn from issues of formal institutional design to issues of institutional strength. Rather than assuming a tight fit between formal rules and political behavior, these studies examine how variation in the stability and/or enforcement of formal rules shapes actors' expectations and behavior. This article explores the emerging research agenda on institutional strength. It disaggregates th…
Who Delivers? Partisan Clients in the Argentine Electoral Market
Why do some parties fail to benefit from patronage in pork‐ridden political systems? This article analyzes the interaction between patronage and partisanship to explain why some incumbents are more likely to benefit from pork politics than others. We explain such differences by focusing on political parties' access to resources (supply side) and voters' dependence on fiscal largesse (demand side). We show how these differences affect the patron's…
Variation in Institutional Strength
Comparative research on political institutions has begun to turn from issues of formal institutional design to issues of institutional strength. Rather than assuming a tight fit between formal rules and political behavior, these studies examine how variation in the stability and/or enforcement of formal rules shapes actors' expectations and behavior. This article explores the emerging research agenda on institutional strength. It disaggregates th…
When Parties Meet Voters: Assessing Political Linkages Through Partisan Networks and Distributive Expectations in Argentina and Chile
This article provides a new comparative methodology for the study of party–voter linkages from the perspective of voters, where the critical question that distinguishes clientelistic from programmatic parties is access to publicly provided benefits. In the former case, partisan networks mediate access to goods. In the latter, beneficiaries are defined by policy and access is independent from partisan distribution networks. We show that these diff…
With a Little Help from my Friends: Partisan Politics, Transnational Alliances, and Labor Rights in Latin America
Why did Latin American governments adopt potentially costly, union-friendly labor reforms in the cost-sensitive 1980s and 1990s? The authors answer the question by exploring the relationship between trade unions and two of their most important allies: labor-backed parties at home and labor rights activists overseas. While labor-backed parties in Latin America have locked in the support of their core constituencies by adopting relatively union-fri…
Lessons from Latin America: Building Institutions on Weak Foundations
This article examines patterns of institutional change in Latin America. It argues that unlike advanced industrialized democracies, where institutions evolve gradually and wholesale change is rare, many new democracies in Latin America are characterized by serial displacement, in which constitutions, electoral rules, and other institutions change both radically and frequently. Serial displacement is a product of extreme uncertainty and frequent i…
Political Bias in Policy Convergence: Privatization Choices in Latin America
Since the early 1980s privatization has spread in Latin America under both right-wing rulers and populist presidents. This regional convergence toward privatization seemed to announce the end of partisan policy-making. However, not all governments implement privatization in the same way even in the context of policy convergence. Technocrats propose similar policy options in countries where capital dearth creates pressures for convergence. Yet pol…
Sensitivity to Issue Framing on Trade Policy Preferences: Evidence from a Survey Experiment
We explore the impact of issue framing on individual attitudes toward international trade. Based on a survey experiment fielded in Argentina during 2007, which reproduces the setup of earlier studies in the United States, we show that individuals' position in the economy and their material concerns define the strength of their prior beliefs about international trade, and thereby mitigate their sensitivity to the new dimensions introduced in infor…
From Populism To Neoliberalism: Labor Unions and Market Reforms in Latin America
In the late 1980s, populist labor parties, which had advanced protectionism and state intervention in the postwar period, implemented market-oriented reforms in Argentina, Mexico, and Venezuela. In all three countries, market reforms hurt their union allies. The interaction between allied unions and governing labor parties, however, varied across countries and across sectors within the same country. While some unions endorsed neoliberal reforms, …
Argentina: From Kirchner to Kirchner
Unlike in 2003, Argentina’s 2007 presidential election brought few surprises. Peronist candidate Cristina Kirchner—nominated after her husband, Nestor chose not to seek re-election—won easily. This victory was rooted in both the strong performance of Nestor Kirchner’s government and the weakness of the non-Peronist opposition. The article examines the impact of the Kirchner government on Argentine democracy. It argues that, notwithstanding Kirchn…
Political Competition and Policy Adoption: Market Reforms in Latin American Public Utilities
This article shows that political competition generates incentives that affect the pace of adoption of market reforms in the context of policy convergence. Previous work shows the effect of financial and technological pressures in promoting policy convergence and the impact of institutional constraints on shaping the pace of policymaking. Controlling for these effects, this article demonstrates the policy effects of political competition and ideo…
Partisanship Amidst Convergence: The Politics of Labor Reform in Latin America
The increasing internationalization of the world economy has eroded the regulatory capacity of national governments. Countries have to compete to attract capital.1 Nowhere is this competition more apparent than in capital-scarce less developed countries.2 Competition took root in Latin America between 1985 and 1998, when most countries adopted structural reforms as a generalized response to international economic pressures.3 In the mid 1980s the …
Economic performance and incumbents' support in Latin America
Argentina: The Persistence of Peronism
Despite a rocky first term, Peronist President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner saw her popularity rebound, leading to a huge reelection victory in 2011. The election served as a reminder of the remarkable durability and ideologically flexible appeal of the Peronist "brand" in Argentine politics. It also showed the ability of what we might call the Kirchnerist center-left sub-brand of Peronism to dominate at the polls given a divided set of rivals,…
Argentina Weathers the Storm
In 2001 and 2002, economic depression and widespread hostility toward the political elite raised fears that Argentina would follow a Peru or Venezuela-like path toward party system—and possibly regime—collapse. Yet Argentine democracy weathered the crisis without a rupture of constitutional rule. The 2003 presidential election was free of violence or fraud, and notwithstanding calls to "throw everybody out," established political elites fared sur…
Agency under constraint: Ideological preferences and the politics of electricity regulation in Latin America
Whereas both the literature on globalization and the literature on regulatory diffusion stress the pressures that led to policy convergence, this article shows how the ideology of incumbents produced different regulatory outcomes, even in the face of strong financial and technological pressures that constrained policy agency. By looking at the regulatory frameworks adopted at the time of electricity privatization in Latin America, this article sh…
La adaptación del sindicalismo argentino a las reformas de mercado en la primera presidencia de Menem
Teachers’ strikes in Argentina: Partisan alignments and public-sector labor relations
Recovering Political Dynamics: Teachers' Unions and the Decentralization of Education in Argentina and Mexico
This article compares union-government relations in Mexico and Argentina when education was decentralized in the early 1990s. The Mexican union accepted decentralization after obtaining concessions from the government that placated its opposition; but the Argentine teachers’ unions militantly resisted the reforms, only to see government officials ignore their demands. These cases illustrate the significance of partisan identities, union fragmenta…
The Most Vulnerable Poor: Clientelism Among Slum Dwellers
Theatre of the Oppressed and Environmental Justice Communities: A Transformational Therapy for the Body Politic
Community Environmental Forum Theatre at UTMB-NIEHS Center in Environmental Toxicology uses Augusto Boal's Theatre of the Oppressed (TO) to promote involvement of citizens, scientists, and health professionals in deconstructing toxic exposures, risk factors, and cumulative stressors that impact the well-being of communities. The TO process encourages collective empowerment of communities by disseminating information and elaborating support networ…
Argentina: El protagonismo de los votantes y la alternancia electoral
las elecciones de 2015 dieron paso a la alternancia gubernamental en Argentina.La llegada de un nuevo Presidente, que no es ni peronista ni
How Investor Portfolios Shape Regulatory Outcomes: Privatized Infrastructure After Crises
Heeding to the Losers: Legislators' Trade‐Policy Preferences and Legislative Behavior
Electoral incentives affect legislators' responsiveness to voters, parties, and other stakeholders. Proportional representation (PR) electoral systems with party control over nominations foster party discipline and reduce legislators' responsiveness to local constituents when at odds with the party. Yet, even under closed‐list PR regimes policymakers have incentives to respond to local interests who help advance their political careers. We illust…
Argentina: Peronism Returns
In October 2019, Argentina's incumbent president Mauricio Macri was defeated by Alberto Fernández, the candidate of a Peronist coalition. Macri's 2015 victory was hailed at the time as the onset of a right-wing regional wave, but his 2019 defeat shows that the period to follow was in fact one of higher electoral competition and presidential turnover. Macri's weak economic performance and the fact that he confronted a single Peronist ticket, in co…
Local Economic Voting and the Agricultural Boom in Argentina, 2007-2015
This article investigates the effect of local economic conditions on voting behavior by focusing on the export-oriented agricultural areas of Argentina during the commodities boom. It assesses the marginal effect of export wealth on electoral outcomes by studying the impact of soybean production, the main Argentine export product during this period. The combination of rising agricultural prices and a salient national tax on exports allows us to e…
The 1993 Argentine elections
La adaptación del sindicalismo argentino a las reformas de mercado en la primera presidencia de Menem
Recovering Political Dynamics: Teachers' Unions and the Decentralization of Education in Argentina and Mexico
This article compares union-government relations in Mexico and Argentina when education was decentralized in the early 1990s. The Mexican union accepted decentralization after obtaining concessions from the government that placated its opposition; but the Argentine teachers’ unions militantly resisted the reforms, only to see government officials ignore their demands. These cases illustrate the significance of partisan identities, union fragmenta…
From Populism To Neoliberalism: Labor Unions and Market Reforms in Latin America
In the late 1980s, populist labor parties, which had advanced protectionism and state intervention in the postwar period, implemented market-oriented reforms in Argentina, Mexico, and Venezuela. In all three countries, market reforms hurt their union allies. The interaction between allied unions and governing labor parties, however, varied across countries and across sectors within the same country. While some unions endorsed neoliberal reforms, …
Del populismo al neoliberalismo: Sindicatos y reformas de mercado en América Latina
Labor Unions, Partisan Coalitions, and Market Reforms in Latin America
Why do labor unions resist economic restructuring and adjustment policies in some countries and in some economic sectors while they submit in other cases? And why do some labor leaders fashion more creative and effective roles for labor unions? This book addresses these critical questions in an in-depth elegant comparative study of Argentina, Mexico, and Venezuela in the 1990s. In each case, the book studies both the role of national confederatio…
Una aproximación al estudio del sindicalismo magisterial en América Latina
Una revista científica, con revisión por pares, que publica investigación empírica y contribuciones teóricas en sociología, antropología, sociodemografía, y disciplinas afines. Nuestra misión es presentar los resultados de la investigación de la más alta calidad, con énfasis en América Latina, pero con proyección y alcance global
Political Bias in Policy Convergence: Privatization Choices in Latin America
Since the early 1980s privatization has spread in Latin America under both right-wing rulers and populist presidents. This regional convergence toward privatization seemed to announce the end of partisan policy-making. However, not all governments implement privatization in the same way even in the context of policy convergence. Technocrats propose similar policy options in countries where capital dearth creates pressures for convergence. Yet pol…
Labor Unions, Partisan Coalitions, and Market Reforms in Latin America
Argentina Weathers the Storm
In 2001 and 2002, economic depression and widespread hostility toward the political elite raised fears that Argentina would follow a Peru or Venezuela-like path toward party system—and possibly regime—collapse. Yet Argentine democracy weathered the crisis without a rupture of constitutional rule. The 2003 presidential election was free of violence or fraud, and notwithstanding calls to "throw everybody out," established political elites fared sur…
Labor Unions, Partisan Coalitions, and Market Reforms in Latin America
Teachers’ strikes in Argentina: Partisan alignments and public-sector labor relations
Who Delivers? Partisan Clients in the Argentine Electoral Market
Why do some parties fail to benefit from patronage in pork‐ridden political systems? This article analyzes the interaction between patronage and partisanship to explain why some incumbents are more likely to benefit from pork politics than others. We explain such differences by focusing on political parties' access to resources (supply side) and voters' dependence on fiscal largesse (demand side). We show how these differences affect the patron's…
Privatización y poder de mercado: El caso de la generación de energia eléctrica en la Argentina
Partisanship Amidst Convergence: The Politics of Labor Reform in Latin America
The increasing internationalization of the world economy has eroded the regulatory capacity of national governments. Countries have to compete to attract capital.1 Nowhere is this competition more apparent than in capital-scarce less developed countries.2 Competition took root in Latin America between 1985 and 1998, when most countries adopted structural reforms as a generalized response to international economic pressures.3 In the mid 1980s the …
With a Little Help from my Friends: Partisan Politics, Transnational Alliances, and Labor Rights in Latin America
Why did Latin American governments adopt potentially costly, union-friendly labor reforms in the cost-sensitive 1980s and 1990s? The authors answer the question by exploring the relationship between trade unions and two of their most important allies: labor-backed parties at home and labor rights activists overseas. While labor-backed parties in Latin America have locked in the support of their core constituencies by adopting relatively union-fri…
Crisis and policymaking in Latin America: The case of Chile’s 1998–99 electricity crisis
Argentine Democracy: The Politics of Institutional Weakness
Political Competition and Policy Adoption: Market Reforms in Latin American Public Utilities
This article shows that political competition generates incentives that affect the pace of adoption of market reforms in the context of policy convergence. Previous work shows the effect of financial and technological pressures in promoting policy convergence and the impact of institutional constraints on shaping the pace of policymaking. Controlling for these effects, this article demonstrates the policy effects of political competition and ideo…
Argentina: From Kirchner to Kirchner
Unlike in 2003, Argentina’s 2007 presidential election brought few surprises. Peronist candidate Cristina Kirchner—nominated after her husband, Nestor chose not to seek re-election—won easily. This victory was rooted in both the strong performance of Nestor Kirchner’s government and the weakness of the non-Peronist opposition. The article examines the impact of the Kirchner government on Argentine democracy. It argues that, notwithstanding Kirchn…
Theatre of the Oppressed and Environmental Justice Communities: A Transformational Therapy for the Body Politic
Community Environmental Forum Theatre at UTMB-NIEHS Center in Environmental Toxicology uses Augusto Boal's Theatre of the Oppressed (TO) to promote involvement of citizens, scientists, and health professionals in deconstructing toxic exposures, risk factors, and cumulative stressors that impact the well-being of communities. The TO process encourages collective empowerment of communities by disseminating information and elaborating support networ…
Political Competition, Partisanship, and Policy Making in Latin American Public Utilities
This book studies policymaking in the Latin American electricity and telecommunication sectors. Murillo's analysis of the Latin American electricity and telecommunications sectors shows that different degrees of electoral competition and the partisan composition of the government were crucial in resolving policymakers' tension between the interests of voters and the economic incentives generated by international financial markets and private corp…
Variation in Institutional Strength
Comparative research on political institutions has begun to turn from issues of formal institutional design to issues of institutional strength. Rather than assuming a tight fit between formal rules and political behavior, these studies examine how variation in the stability and/or enforcement of formal rules shapes actors' expectations and behavior. This article explores the emerging research agenda on institutional strength. It disaggregates th…
Political competition, partisanship, and policymaking in Latin America market reforms in public utilities
How Democracy Works: Political Institutions, Actors and Arenas in Latin American Policymaking
Over the past 30 years, democratic freedoms and competitive electoral processes have taken hold as never before in Latin America. How Democracy Works takes a detailed look, from an institutional perspective, at each of the main actors on the policymaking stage in Latin America, emphasizing the extent to which institutions facilitate or hinder intertemporal political cooperation and compromise. It analyzes official political actors and arenas, as …
Political science (50 works) · Economics (34 works) · Politics (30 works) · Law (26 works) · Politics and Society in Latin America (21 works) · Political economy (20 works) · Latin Americans (16 works) · Law (16 works) · Sociology (16 works) · Latin American socio-political dynamics (13 works)