Alicia Fernandez
Biographic Data
| ID | 78553 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Alicia Fernandez |
| GIVEN NAMES | Alicia |
| FAMILY NAME | Fernandez |
| SIGNATURE | FERNANDEZ A |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of California, San Francisco |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7975-6614 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 37 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 98 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 37 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1998 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Clinician Perspectives on Obstetric Anesthesia Informed Consent for Patients With Limited English Proficiency
Changes in BMI prior to and during the Covid-19 pandemic among children
Among children in San Francisco, increases in BMI-z score and overweight/obesity were greater during the pandemic compared to prior changes, with the most pronounced increases among younger and publicly insured children. These findings support the need for more targeted and effective policies for addressing childhood overweight/obesity, especially among these high-risk populations
The Impact of Patient-Physician Racial and Gender Concordance on Patient Satisfaction with Outpatient Clinic Visits
Barriers and facilitators to mental health promotion for Mexican immigrants in the U.S. through the Ventanillas de Salud program
Introduction Mental health promotion and screenings are recommended as part of standard preventive care. Mexican immigrants in the U.S. are at high risk for mental health illness especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, however access to mental health prevention for this population has been limited, which results in important implementation and equity gaps. The Ventanilla de Salud (VDS) program provides preventive services through Mexican consulat…
Aspiring physicians program
Latinx physician rates are lower than non-Latinx white physicians. Many pathway programs to careers in medicine have been established for underrepresented students, yet few focus on premedical college education or undergraduate pathway programs, which marks a critical junction in the commitment to and preparation for application to medical school. Moreover, little is known about the program components which prepare and support learners. Framed by…
Racial and sociodemographic predictors of Covid-19 compared with influenza, appendicitis, and all-cause hospitalization
Racial/ethnic and sociodemographic inequities in diagnosed COVID-19 and hospitalization differed from those for diagnosed influenza and other medical conditions, with consistently higher odds among Latine and Spanish-speaking patients. This work highlights the need for disease-specific public health efforts in at-risk communities in addition to structural upstream interventions
A Window Into Mental Health
Background Mexican immigrants in the United States face mental health challenges, disparities, and limited access to healthcare; however, mental health promotion efforts specifically targeting this population have been insufficient. The objective of this study was to develop and test a mental health promotion intervention based on protective mental health factors and coping strategies for Mexican immigrants recruited through a free, consulate-bas…
Covid-19 Vaccination Perceptions Among Young Adults of Color in the San Francisco Bay Area
Background: COVID-19 vaccination rates among U.S. young adults, particularly in communities of color, remain lower than other age groups. We conducted a qualitative, community-based participatory study to explore beliefs and attitudes about COVID-19 vaccines among young adults in Black/African American, Latinx, and Asian American or Pacific Islander (AAPI) communities in the San Francisco Bay Area. Methods: =12) participants between 18 and 30 yea…
Racial Disparities in 7-Day Readmissions from an Adult Hospital Medicine Service
Physician–Public Health Practitioners—The Missing Academic Medicine Career Track
Worker Perspectives on Covid-19 Risks
Latino construction workers in the U.S. have faced a disproportionate risk for COVID-19 infection in the workplace. Prior studies have focused on quantifying workplace risk for COVID-19 infection; few have captured workers’ experiences and perspectives. This study describes COVID-19-related workplace risks from the perspectives of Latino construction workers. We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured phone interviews with Latino cons…
No One Size Fits All
PURPOSE: This study explores medical students' perspectives on the key features of ideal supervisor responses to microaggressions targeting clerkship medical students. METHOD: This single-institution, qualitative focus group study, based in an interpretivist paradigm, explored clerkship medical students' perceptions in the United States, 2020. During semistructured focus groups, participants discussed 4 microaggression scenarios. The authors empl…
Excess mortality among Latino people in California during the Covid-19 pandemic
Latino people in the US are experiencing higher excess deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic than any other racial/ethnic group, but it is unclear which sociodemographic subgroups within this diverse population are most affected. Such information is necessary to target policies that prevent further excess mortality and reduce inequities. Using death certificate data for January 1, 2016 through February 29, 2020 and time-series models, we estimated …
A New Methodology for Defining Radon Priority Areas in Spain
One of the requirements of EU-BSS (European Basic Safety Standards) is the design and implementation of a National Radon Action Plan in the member states. This should define, as accurately as possible, areas of risk for the presence of radon gas ( 222 Rn) in homes and workplaces. The concept used by the Spanish Nuclear Safety Council (CSN), the body responsible for nuclear safety and radiation protection in Spain, to identify "radon priority area…
Medical Education’s Wicked Problem
Despite a lack of intent to discriminate, physicians educated in U.S. medical schools and residency programs often take actions that systematically disadvantage minority patients. The approach to assessment of learner performance in medical education can similarly disadvantage minority learners. The adoption of holistic admissions strategies to increase the diversity of medical training programs has not been accompanied by increases in diversity …
Intercomparison of Indoor Radon Measurements Under Field Conditions In the Framework of MetroRadon European Project
Interlaboratory comparisons are a basic part of the regular quality controls of laboratories to warranty the adequate performance of test and measurements. The exercise presented in this article is the comparison of indoor radon gas measurements under field conditions performed with passive detectors and active monitors carried out in the Laboratory of Natural Radiation (LNR). The aim is to provide a direct comparison between different methodolog…
Trends in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among California children
Objective: To assess trends in consumption of soda, sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks and any sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) from 2013 to 2016 among all children in California aged 2–5 and 6–11 years and by racial-ethnic group. Design: Serial cross-sectional study using the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) . Setting: CHIS is a telephone survey of households in California designed to assess population-level estimates of key health beha…
How Does Acculturation Influence Smoking Behavior Among Latinos? The Role of Education and National Background
The relationship between acculturation and health behaviors among Latinos is influenced by education and should be considered by public health and clinician stakeholders when developing or adapting tobacco control strategies
Barriers and facilitators to healthy eating among low-income Latino adolescents
How Small Differences in Assessed Clinical Performance Amplify to Large Differences in Grades and Awards
While students entering medical schools are becoming more diverse, trainees in residency programs in competitive specialties and academic medicine faculty have not increased in diversity. As part of an educational continuous quality improvement process at the University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, the authors examined data for the classes of 2013–2016 to determine whether differences existed between underrepresented in medic…
How Should Physicians Respond When Patients Distrust Them Because of Their Gender
There are many reasons why gender-concordant care benefits patients and is requested by them. For training hospitals, however, such requests present challenges as well as opportunities in providing patient-centered care. Responding to a case in which a female patient who is having a routine exam refuses care from a male medical student, we discuss ethical principles involved in gender-concordant care requests, when it is appropriate to question s…
Identifying Spanish Language Competent Physicians
The single-question self-reported medical proficiency tool is a low-cost tool useful for quickly identifying Spanish competent physicians and is potentially suitable for use in clinical settings. A reasonable approach for health systems is to designate only those physicians who self-assess their Spanish medical proficiency as "high" as competent to provide care without an interpreter
Self-care and Subjectivity among Mexican Diabetes Patients in the United States
Type 2 diabetes is considered a public health crisis, particularly among people of Mexican descent in the United States. Clinical approaches to diabetes management increasingly emphasize self-care, which places responsibility for illness on individuals and mandates self-regulation. Using narrative and free-list data from a two-phase study of low-income first- and second-generation Mexican immigrants living with diabetes, we present evidence that …
Food Insecurity and Glycemic Control Among Low-Income Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether food insecurity--the inability to reliably afford safe and nutritious food--is associated with poor glycemic control and whether this association is mediated by difficulty following a healthy diet, diabetes self-efficacy, or emotional distress related to diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We used multivariable regression models to examine the association between food insecurity and poor glycemic control using a…
Susto, Coraje, and Abuse
Speaking through Diabetes
The disproportionate prevalence of Type II diabetes mellitus among the poor suggests that, in addition to lifestyle factors, social suffering may be embodied in diabetes. In this article, we examine the role of social distress in narratives collected from 26 Mexican Americans seeking diabetes care at a public hospital in Chicago. By linking social suffering with diabetes causality, we argue that our participants use diabetes much like an "idiom o…
Self-care and Subjectivity among Mexican Diabetes Patients in the United States
Type 2 diabetes is considered a public health crisis, particularly among people of Mexican descent in the United States. Clinical approaches to diabetes management increasingly emphasize self-care, which places responsibility for illness on individuals and mandates self-regulation. Using narrative and free-list data from a two-phase study of low-income first- and second-generation Mexican immigrants living with diabetes, we present evidence that …
The Role of Intergenerational Discrepancy of Cultural Orientation in Drug Use among Latina Adolescents
The role of intergenerational discrepancy for cultural orientation was examined in the etiology of drug use among Latina adolescents and in the context of family support. Intergenerational discrepancy occurs when a family member of one generation differs from a family member of another generation in cultural identity factors; this is usually manifested in conflict between a first generation child and the immigrant generation parent. It was hypoth…
Community Violence, Family Conflict, and Preschoolers' Socioemotional Functioning
This study examined the relations among family conflict, community violence, and young children's socioemotional functioning and explored how children's social cognition and mothers' psychological functioning may mediate the outcomes associated with this exposure. Mothers of 431 Head Start preschoolers completed questionnaires about their family demography, exposure to community violence, family conflict, and children's distress symptoms. Childre…
Barriers and facilitators to healthy eating among low-income Latino adolescents
Asian Americans and Obesity in California
The Role of Intergenerational Discrepancy of Cultural Orientation in Drug Use among Latina Adolescents
The role of intergenerational discrepancy for cultural orientation was examined in the etiology of drug use among Latina adolescents and in the context of family support. Intergenerational discrepancy occurs when a family member of one generation differs from a family member of another generation in cultural identity factors; this is usually manifested in conflict between a first generation child and the immigrant generation parent. It was hypoth…
Effects of limited English proficiency and physician language on health care comprehension
Community Violence, Family Conflict, and Preschoolers' Socioemotional Functioning
This study examined the relations among family conflict, community violence, and young children's socioemotional functioning and explored how children's social cognition and mothers' psychological functioning may mediate the outcomes associated with this exposure. Mothers of 431 Head Start preschoolers completed questionnaires about their family demography, exposure to community violence, family conflict, and children's distress symptoms. Childre…
Accuracy of Physician Self-Report of Spanish Language Proficiency
As health systems strive to meet the needs of linguistically diverse patient populations, determining a physician's non-English language proficiency is becoming increasingly important. However, brief, validated measures are lacking. To determine if any of four self-reported measures of physician Spanish language proficiency are useful measures of fluency in Spanish. Physician self-report of Spanish proficiency was compared to Spanish-speaking pat…
Asian Americans and Obesity in California
Speaking through Diabetes
The disproportionate prevalence of Type II diabetes mellitus among the poor suggests that, in addition to lifestyle factors, social suffering may be embodied in diabetes. In this article, we examine the role of social distress in narratives collected from 26 Mexican Americans seeking diabetes care at a public hospital in Chicago. By linking social suffering with diabetes causality, we argue that our participants use diabetes much like an "idiom o…
Food Insecurity and Glycemic Control Among Low-Income Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether food insecurity--the inability to reliably afford safe and nutritious food--is associated with poor glycemic control and whether this association is mediated by difficulty following a healthy diet, diabetes self-efficacy, or emotional distress related to diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We used multivariable regression models to examine the association between food insecurity and poor glycemic control using a…
Susto, Coraje, and Abuse
Age and Glycemic Control Among Low-Income Latinos
Undocumented Immigration Status and Diabetes Care Among Mexican Immigrants In Two Immigration “Sanctuary” Areas
Risk Factors for Reporting Poor Cultural Competency Among Patients With Diabetes in Safety Net Clinics
BACKGROUND: The Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Cultural Competency Item Set assesses patient perceptions of aspects of the cultural competence of their health care. OBJECTIVE: To determine characteristics of patients who identify the care they receive as less culturally competent. RESEARCH DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey consisting of face-to-face interviews. SUBJECTS: Safety-net population of patients with type 2 diabetes…
Associations Between Aspects of Culturally Competent Care and Clinical Outcomes Among Patients With Diabetes
BACKGROUND: Culturally competent care may be associated with clinical outcomes in diabetes management, which requires effective physician-patient collaboration. The recent development and validation of the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Cultural Competence tool enables investigation of possible associations. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether 3 aspects of culturally competent care are associated with glycemic, lipid, and blood …
Aspects of Culturally Competent Care are Associated With Less Emotional Burden Among Patients With Diabetes
BACKGROUND: Diabetes distress is associated with poor diabetes self-management and worse clinical outcomes. Whether there is an association between patient experience of health care and degree of emotional burden (EB) of diabetes distress is not known. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether aspects of culturally competent care are associated with the EB of diabetes distress. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey consisting of face-to-face interviews. SUBJECT…
Advances in Measuring Culturally Competent Care
BACKGROUND: Providing culturally competent care shows promise as a mechanism to reduce health care inequalities. Until the recent development of the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Cultural Competency Item Set (CAHPS-CC), no measures capturing patient-level experiences with culturally competent care have been suitable for broad-scale administration. METHODS: We performed confirmatory factor analysis and internal consistenc…
Self-care and Subjectivity among Mexican Diabetes Patients in the United States
Type 2 diabetes is considered a public health crisis, particularly among people of Mexican descent in the United States. Clinical approaches to diabetes management increasingly emphasize self-care, which places responsibility for illness on individuals and mandates self-regulation. Using narrative and free-list data from a two-phase study of low-income first- and second-generation Mexican immigrants living with diabetes, we present evidence that …
Identifying Spanish Language Competent Physicians
The single-question self-reported medical proficiency tool is a low-cost tool useful for quickly identifying Spanish competent physicians and is potentially suitable for use in clinical settings. A reasonable approach for health systems is to designate only those physicians who self-assess their Spanish medical proficiency as "high" as competent to provide care without an interpreter
How Should Physicians Respond When Patients Distrust Them Because of Their Gender
There are many reasons why gender-concordant care benefits patients and is requested by them. For training hospitals, however, such requests present challenges as well as opportunities in providing patient-centered care. Responding to a case in which a female patient who is having a routine exam refuses care from a male medical student, we discuss ethical principles involved in gender-concordant care requests, when it is appropriate to question s…
How Small Differences in Assessed Clinical Performance Amplify to Large Differences in Grades and Awards
While students entering medical schools are becoming more diverse, trainees in residency programs in competitive specialties and academic medicine faculty have not increased in diversity. As part of an educational continuous quality improvement process at the University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, the authors examined data for the classes of 2013–2016 to determine whether differences existed between underrepresented in medic…
How Does Acculturation Influence Smoking Behavior Among Latinos? The Role of Education and National Background
The relationship between acculturation and health behaviors among Latinos is influenced by education and should be considered by public health and clinician stakeholders when developing or adapting tobacco control strategies
Barriers and facilitators to healthy eating among low-income Latino adolescents
Medical Education’s Wicked Problem
Despite a lack of intent to discriminate, physicians educated in U.S. medical schools and residency programs often take actions that systematically disadvantage minority patients. The approach to assessment of learner performance in medical education can similarly disadvantage minority learners. The adoption of holistic admissions strategies to increase the diversity of medical training programs has not been accompanied by increases in diversity …
Intercomparison of Indoor Radon Measurements Under Field Conditions In the Framework of MetroRadon European Project
Interlaboratory comparisons are a basic part of the regular quality controls of laboratories to warranty the adequate performance of test and measurements. The exercise presented in this article is the comparison of indoor radon gas measurements under field conditions performed with passive detectors and active monitors carried out in the Laboratory of Natural Radiation (LNR). The aim is to provide a direct comparison between different methodolog…
Trends in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among California children
Objective: To assess trends in consumption of soda, sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks and any sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) from 2013 to 2016 among all children in California aged 2–5 and 6–11 years and by racial-ethnic group. Design: Serial cross-sectional study using the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) . Setting: CHIS is a telephone survey of households in California designed to assess population-level estimates of key health beha…
No One Size Fits All
PURPOSE: This study explores medical students' perspectives on the key features of ideal supervisor responses to microaggressions targeting clerkship medical students. METHOD: This single-institution, qualitative focus group study, based in an interpretivist paradigm, explored clerkship medical students' perceptions in the United States, 2020. During semistructured focus groups, participants discussed 4 microaggression scenarios. The authors empl…
Excess mortality among Latino people in California during the Covid-19 pandemic
Latino people in the US are experiencing higher excess deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic than any other racial/ethnic group, but it is unclear which sociodemographic subgroups within this diverse population are most affected. Such information is necessary to target policies that prevent further excess mortality and reduce inequities. Using death certificate data for January 1, 2016 through February 29, 2020 and time-series models, we estimated …
Medicine (34 works) · Psychology (24 works) · Family medicine (14 works) · Nursing (14 works) · Gerontology (13 works) · Public health (12 works) · Environmental health (11 works) · Ethnic group (9 works) · Health care (9 works) · Sociology (9 works)