David Levinson
Biographic Data
| ID | 82295 |
|---|---|
| NAME | David Levinson |
| GIVEN NAMES | David |
| FAMILY NAME | Levinson |
| SIGNATURE | LEVINSON D |
| AFFILIATIONS | The University of Sydney |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4563-2963 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 91 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 429 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 90 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1950 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Access door-to-door: An intercity efficiency and distributional analysis of the costs of travel by plane, train, and automobile
A simulation-based policy evaluation of healthcare access using heterogeneous emergency medical services vehicles and incidents
Efficient dispatch policies are critical for ensuring equitable and effective emergency medical services (EMS). While vehicle specialisation offers tangible clinical benefits, integrating vehicle types into dispatch policy presents significant challenges. This study employs an agent-based simulation framework to evaluate the effects of alternative dispatch policies under varying proportions of specialised ambulances. Results indicate that allowin…
The Cost of Convenience: A Hedonic Approach to Travel Time Valuation and Cost‐Benefit Analysis
This paper presents a novel revealed‐preference approach to estimating the value of travel time (VTT) and calculating consumer surplus for the economic evaluation of transport infrastructure. Departing from traditional stated‐preference models, we derive time valuations by linking residential rental transactions in Greater Sydney to employment accessibility. We estimate a hedonic price function that controls for unobserved amenities and spatial s…
Intentional travel group and social network: Identification and dynamics during a pandemic
Using multiday continuous smartcard data in 2020, we investigate group-based travel in Hong Kong metro system by identifying metro riders intentionally traveling in groups (ITGs). ITGs serve as our proxies for citywide physical social interactions. Considering ITG members are interrelated through group-based trips, we construct a social network (an ITG network) formed by ITGs to explore the network properties and structures of ITG activities. Exa…
Improved spatial equity in healthcare access from novel logistics strategies
A common problem in healthcare logistics is maximizing coverage of a scarce resource through optimal facility location. There are important equity considerations when some areas cannot access potentially life-saving medical services. For emergency healthcare which is time-sensitive, it is necessary to consider both the quality and extent of the coverage. Most past research in this area focused on maximizing coverage or survival by identifying bet…
An agent-based simulation model for the growth of the Sydney Trains network
Agent-based models are computational methods for simulating the actions and reactions of autonomous entities with the ability to capture their effects on a system through interaction rules. This study develops an agent-based simulation model (RANGE) to replicate the growth of Sydney Trains network by given exogenous historical evolution in land use. A set of locational rules has been defined to find a sequence of optimal stations from an initial …
A bifurcation of the peak: New patterns of traffic peaking during the Covid-19 era
This paper analyzes the emergence of two well-defined peaks during the morning peak period in the traffic flow diurnal curve. It selects six California cities as research targets, and uses California employment and household travel survey data to explain how and why this phenomenon has risen during the pandemic. The final result explains that the double-humped phenomenon results from the change in the composition of commuters during the morning p…
Transit modal complementarity: Measuring the access provided by transfers
This research investigates the interactions among transit (public transport) modes by inferring complementarity from a comparison of access provided by various transit modal combinations over a period of 160 years. A unique historical dataset of transit networks and services including buses, trains, and trams, generated for the Greater Sydney region for a period spanning from 1855 to 2015 was used. Access to population was measured for each year …
Connected Institutions: Using Platform Powers to Advance Transport
This perspective paper analyzes selected policy strategies for transforming transport. It identifies four primary objectives: enhance economic efficiency, increase equity, reduce negative externalities, and improve the user experience (4Es). It then develops the framework of persuasion, police, purse, and platform powers (4Ps), which are available to governments to implement change and pursue their objectives. In a series of cases, it illustrates…
How do access and spatial dependency shape metro passenger flows
A multi-modal analysis of the effect of transport on population and productivity in China
Access-based cost-benefit analysis
Current methods of cost-benefit analysis (CBA) for transport investments rely on travel-time savings for potential users. This approach presents a consistent and significant historical trend of forecast inaccuracy, and thus has been questioned and criticized. Access, or the ease of reaching valued destinations, can be used as an alternative. Access features a strong correlation with land value which can be measured through hedonic analysis, and s…
Co-evolution of public transport access and ridership
While transport infrastructure and travel demand are known to be correlated, their causal relationship has not been systematically investigated. Granger causality tests have been conducted in the context of transport infrastructure and economic growth, and land use and transport. This research extends their application to network investments and travel demand by examining the co-evolution of public transport access and ridership in the Greater Sy…
The Spatiotemporal Evolution of Sydney's Tram Network Using Network Econometrics
This paper examines the evolution of Sydney trams using network econometrics approaches. Network econometrics extends spatial econometrics by developing weight matrices based on the physical structure of the network, allowing for competing and complementary elements to have distinct effects. This research establishes a digitized database of Sydney historical tramway network, providing a complete set of geo‐referenced data of the opening and closi…
Exploring temporal variability in travel patterns on public transit using big smart card data
Passengers generate travel behaviours on public transit, whose variations deserve an exploration with an aim to guide daily-updated managements. In this study, we investigate temporal variability in travel patterns for over 3.3 million passengers across 120 days who use public transit in Beijing. Temporal variability is characterized by a series of features in terms of space coverage, travel distance and travel frequency, based on which, passenge…
Equilibrium or imbalance? Rail Transit and Land Use Mix in Station Areas
Interaction between Development Intensity: An Evaluation of Alternative Spatial Weight Matrices
This paper investigates the spatial dependency of job and worker densities for the Minneapolis–St. Paul (Twin Cities) metropolitan area using census block level data from 2002 to 2017. A spatial weight matrix is proposed, considering the statistical expression of data, referred to as the correlation matrix, which detects the variations of dependencies among spatial units in both direction and level. The superior performance of the correlation mat…
The node-place model, accessibility, and station level transit ridership
This paper uses Sydney rail data to examine the relationship between station level ridership and local and regional accessibility. We use net transit accessibility, which is the additional number of opportunities reachable by transit over walking to represent the regional connectivity value provided by transit. We map accessibility at transit stations, and use the number of opportunities within walking distance as an indicator of local access. We…
Time Savings vs. Access-Based Benefit Assessment of New York’s Second Avenue Subway
Under the current practice of benefit-cost analysis, the direct economic benefits produced by a newly built transit facility are assessed based on how it affects travel time and various costs that are associated with transport needs and travel behavior. However, the time-saving-based benefit calculation approach has been questioned and criticized. Given the strong correlation between accessibility and land value, we propose the access-based land …
All ridership is local: Accessibility, competition, and stop-level determinants of daily bus boardings in Portland, Oregon
Research on accessibility, a measure of ease of reaching potential opportunities, has advanced significantly, but the adoption of these measures by public transport agencies has lagged. One explanation may be that research has been conducted at different spatial scales from the stop level typically used by agencies. To address this gap, this study examines the relationship between accessibility to jobs and average daily bus boardings at the bus-s…
Shortest paths, travel costs, and traffic
This study examines path flows for road networks. Path flows sum individual route choices from individual travelers, associated with specific path objective. We estimate these flows for each cost factor of auto travel: time, safety, emission, and monetary costs, as well as their composite, internal and full cost of travel. For each factor, we find the route with the minimum cumulative cost. We further explore the extent to which each cost factor …
Commute mode share and access to jobs across US metropolitan areas
How much of the variation in transit mode share is attributable to accessibility is not well understood, despite its significant policy implications. It is hypothesized that better transit accessibility leads to higher transit mode share. This paper explains block group level transit mode share using transit accessibility in a logistic model for 48 major US metropolitan areas. Transit accessibility alone explains much of the variation in transit …
Immigrant settlement patterns, transit accessibility, and transit use
Measuring polycentricity via network flows, spatial interaction and percolation
Polycentricity, or the number of central urban places, is commonly measured by location-based metrics (e.g. employment density/total number of workers, above a threshold). While these metrics are good indicators of location ‘centricity’, results are sensitive to threshold choice. We consider the alternative idea that a centre’s status depends on its connectivity to other locations through trip inflows/outflows: this is inherently a network rather…
Development and application of the network weight matrix to predict traffic flow for congested and uncongested conditions
To capture network dependence between traffic links, we introduce two distinct network weight matrices ([Formula: see text]), which replace spatial weight matrices used in traffic forecasting methods. The first stands on the notion of betweenness centrality and link vulnerability in traffic networks. To derive this matrix, we use an unweighted betweenness method and assume all traffic flow is assigned to the shortest path. The other relies on flo…
Family violence in cross-cultural perspective
Encyclopedia of Cultural Anthropology (Henry Holt Reference Book) Four Volumes
Accessibility and the journey to work
Accessibility impacts of high-speed rail
Density and dispersion: The co-development of land use and rail in London
This article examines the changes that occurred in the rail network and density of population in London during the 19th and 20th centuries. It aims to disentangle the 'chicken and egg' problem of which came first, network or land development, through a set of statistical analyses clearly distinguishing events by order. Using panel data representing the 33 boroughs of London over each decade from 1871 to 2001, the research finds that there is a po…
The Substantive Contributions of Worldwide Cross-Cultural Studies Using Secondary Data
Agglomeration, accessibility and productivity: Evidence for large metropolitan areas in the US
This paper estimates the productivity gains from agglomeration economies for a sample of the largest metropolitan areas in the United States using measures of urban agglomeration based on employment density and employment accessibility. The latter is a more accurate measure of economic proximity and allows testing for the spatial decay of agglomeration effects with increasing travel time. We find that the productivity gains from urban agglomerati…
Accessibility and the journey to work through the lens of equity
Circuity in urban transit networks
Immigrant settlement patterns, transit accessibility, and transit use
Teaching Integrated Land Use-Transportation Planning: Topics, Readings, and Strategies
Planning pedagogy is increasingly focused on teaching interdisciplinary topics in an integrated and synergistic manner. The intersection of land use and transportation is that of two topics that have risen to be front and center for the planning profession. This article focuses on the manner in which planning programs and, in particular, specific courses address land use and transportation planning. After describing the context in which such cour…
Population Density in Cross-Cultural Perspective
This paper reports the results of a holocultural study of the relationship between population density and human behavior. The findings indicate that high levels of density are not a cause of stress in humans. Crowding rarely leads to pathological behavior or the mistreatment of children in a sample of fifty nonliterate societies. Specific statistical tests are used to rule out the possibility that the results of this study can be attributed to me…
Accessibility-oriented development
Catalysts and magnets: Built environment and bicycle commuting
Education and Sociology: An Encyclopedia
Catchment if you can: The effect of station entrance and exit locations on accessibility
What Have We Learned from Cross-Cultural Surveys
How transit scaling shapes cities
Job-worker spatial dynamics in Beijing: Insights from Smart Card Data
The City is flatter: Changing patterns of job and labor access
Encyclopedia of Homelessness
Homelessness is one of the major social problems and personal and family tragedies of the contemporary world. No community, city, or nation is immune and the lack of affordable housing and a decline in secure, well-paying jobs means that the problem will only get worse. The Encyclopedia of Homelessness is the first systematic effort to organize and summarize what we know about thus complex topic which impacts not only the homeless but all of soci…
The impact of gasoline price changes on traffic safety: A time geography explanation
The Orderliness Hypothesis: The Correlation of Rail and Housing Development in London
This extension of the railway system by means of feeder lines means that in many ways the early development of the system can be viewed, not in terms of booms and slumps, but in rational steps. By the end of 1833, three of the five English provincial towns with a population of more than 100,000 had railway links with London under construction; by the end of 1836 only Portsmouth remained among English towns of over 50,000 population without a line…
Co-evolution of public transport access and ridership
While transport infrastructure and travel demand are known to be correlated, their causal relationship has not been systematically investigated. Granger causality tests have been conducted in the context of transport infrastructure and economic growth, and land use and transport. This research extends their application to network investments and travel demand by examining the co-evolution of public transport access and ridership in the Greater Sy…
The node-place model, accessibility, and station level transit ridership
This paper uses Sydney rail data to examine the relationship between station level ridership and local and regional accessibility. We use net transit accessibility, which is the additional number of opportunities reachable by transit over walking to represent the regional connectivity value provided by transit. We map accessibility at transit stations, and use the number of opportunities within walking distance as an indicator of local access. We…
The Mine Bosses' Union--A Study in Group Leadership
Journal Article The Mine Bosses' Union—A Study in Group Leadership Get access D. Levinson D. Levinson Ohio University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 29, Issue 2, December 1950, Pages 186–190, https://doi.org/10.2307/2571669 Published: 01 December 1950
Labor and the Compulsory Arbitration Law: Another View
Comments on an article which examined the response of organized labor to the enactment of labor and compulsory arbitration law to resolve labor disputes in the United States. Conclusions of the study; Issues regarding the leadership of organized labor. (Abstract copyright EBSCO.)
Perlman's Theory and the Marginal Utility Theory
Discusses the theory of labor movement as an article of faith. Concept of the marginal theory of value; Significance of marginal utility valuation; Emphasis on group valuation. (Abstract copyright EBSCO.)
The Etiology of Skid Rows in the United States
An Explanation for the Oneida-Colonist Alliance in the American Revolution
During the American Revolution the Oneida Indians, unlike the majority of their Iroquois confederates, supported and aided the Colonists. This Oneida-Colonist alliance is usually viewed as the result of the influence of the Reverend Samuel Kirkland on the Oneida. It is argued here that this interpretation is an oversimplification. In its place, a new theory of the Oneida-Colonist alliance is suggested and tested. The new theory suggests that the …
The Growth of Hologeistic Studies: 1889-1975
This paper reports on the growth of hologeistic, cross-cultural studies since 1889. The rapid rate of recent hologeistic research is demonstrated graphically. The productivity of hologeistic work is quantitatively re viewed, and the development of an invisible college or network of re searchers is outlined. Factors such as data banking, methodology theory, and money are examined as stimuli for the recent growth in this field. Speculations about t…
What Have We Learned from Cross-Cultural Surveys
Holocultural Studies Based on the Human Relations Area Files
Analysis Reliability Reports: Replication Unit Number 3
This report summarizes the results of the third study of analysis re liability based on current file production at the Human Relations Area Files. A total of 1229 pages from 147 sources was replicated for this reliability test. The average level of absolute coding agreement for this replication unit is 60 percent. Major category agreement is 88 percent when absolute agreement is measured and 90 percent when mutual cross- references and adjacent c…
Population Density in Cross-Cultural Perspective
This paper reports the results of a holocultural study of the relationship between population density and human behavior. The findings indicate that high levels of density are not a cause of stress in humans. Crowding rarely leads to pathological behavior or the mistreatment of children in a sample of fifty nonliterate societies. Specific statistical tests are used to rule out the possibility that the results of this study can be attributed to me…
In the Tradition of Murdock
A Holocultural Bibliography: Update Number One
This bibliographic update lists 73 holocultural studies not cited in earlier holocultural bibliographies
On Wife-beating and Intervention
The Tribal Living Book: 150 Things to Do and Make from Traditional Cultures
Family violence in cross-cultural perspective
Bibliography of Substantive Worldwide Cross-Cultural Studies
This bibliography is a compilation and update of the holocultural bibli ographies that appeared in Levinson (1977) and Levinson and O'Leary (1982). These two bibliographies contained 407 citations, this one contains over 700 with most of the additional ones to studies published between 1982 and 1990. As in the earlier bibliographies, a substantive worldwide cross-cultural (holocultural) study is defined as a study whose purpose is to test or deve…
Comparative Cross-Cultural Studies: A New Opportunity
Family Violence in Cross-Cultural Perspective
The Substantive Contributions of Worldwide Cross-Cultural Studies Using Secondary Data
The Rational Locator: Why Travel Times Have Remained Stable
This paper evaluates household travel surveys for the Washington metropolitan region conducted in 1968 and 1988, and shows that commuting times remain stable or decline over the twenty-year period despite an increase in average commuting distance, after controlling for trip purpose and mode of travel. The average automobile work-to-home time of 32.5 minutes in both 1968 and 1988 is, moreover, very consistent with a 1957 survey showing an average …
Ethnic conflict
For the past several years, ethnic conflict has been the world's most common form of collective violence and a major cause of the steadily increasing refugee problem. Ethnic conflict is generally defined as a violent conflict between or among groups who differ from each other in terms of culture, religion, physical features, or language. In 1988, the majority of the 111 violent conflicts in the world involved minority and majority groups within n…
Encyclopedia of World Cultures Vol 9: Africa (Encyclopedia of World Cultures)
Encyclopedia of World Cultures: Middle America and the Caribbean (Encyclopedia of World Cultures)
Encyclopedia of Cultural Anthropology (Henry Holt Reference Book) Four Volumes
Encyclopedia of Cultural Anthropology
Computer Science (47 works) · Engineering (46 works) · Urban Transport and Accessibility (46 works) · Transport engineering (43 works) · Geography (41 works) · Transportation Planning and Optimization (41 works) · Economics (32 works) · Sociology (29 works) · Business (22 works) · Mathematics (21 works)