Andy Kirkpatrick
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 88613 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Andy Kirkpatrick |
| NOMBRES | Andy |
| APELLIDO | Kirkpatrick |
| FIRMA | KIRKPATRICK A |
| AFILIACIONES | Griffith University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4470-7089 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 46 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 147 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 44 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 2 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1995 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
English in Higher Education in the Postcolonial World
The internationalization of higher education has seen an exponential increase in the use of English in higher education throughout the world, both as a medium of instruction and assessment, and as the language of scholarship.
In conversation with Andy Kirkpatrick
English in Asian and European Higher Education
The internationalization of higher education has led to a noticeable increase in the number of courses and degrees taught through the medium of English, across both Asia and Europe. In the years between 2001 and 2014, the number of English‐taught programs in universities in continental Europe has increased from 725 to over 8,000. While comparative figures for Asia are not available, there has been an increase in the number of universities offerin…
The Handbook of Asian Englishes
The Handbook of Asian Englishes provides wide-ranging coverage of the historical and cultural context, contemporary dynamics, and linguistic features of English in use throughout the Asian region. This first-of-its-kind volume offers a wide-ranging exploration of the English language throughout nations in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and East Asia. Contributions by a team of internationally-recognized linguists and scholars of Asian Englishes and …
Englishes in the Expanding Circle
In Kachrus original classification, the countries of the Expanding Circle were those where English was learned primarily as a foreign language in schools. English did not play an institutional role within the country. As such they were norm-dependent countries relying on exonormative native speaker standards as models and targets for learners of English. In recent years, however, the role(s) of English in many Expanding Circle countries of Asia -…
‘We Want Fork but No Pork’
This study explores the conversational humour of Asian multilinguals using English as a lingua franca ( ELF ) – specifically, their use of (im)politeness strategies to humorously maintain, neglect or affront their target’s face. The Asian ELF data come from the Asian Corpus of English ( ACE ), which comprises naturally occurring data of English being used as a lingua franca by Asian multilinguals. These data are compared with similar instances dr…
Handbook of Asian Englishes
The Routledge International Handbook of Language Education Policy in Asia
This chapter discusses the umbrella term 'local language' will be used as this is most closely related to the terminology used in language education policies. In attempting to understand language education policy in Indonesia, it is crucial to take account of the historical, political and social context, and the ideologies at work in shaping the nation and its place in the region and the world. Language education policy in Indonesia dates back to…
Varieties of English in Asia
Countries in Asia that were once colonies of English‐speaking nations developed their own varieties of English. Examples of such varieties include Malaysian, Singaporean, and Filipino English. These varieties were termed “outer circle” varieties by the founder of the discipline of world Englishes, Braj Kachru. He distinguished these varieties from “inner circle” varieties, the Englishes spoken in countries where English is the first language, suc…
Routledge International Handbook of Language Education Policy in Asia
English medium instruction
In virtually every research paper on this topic we come across we read that, in the particular context that the writer is operating, English as a medium of instruction (EMI) is on the increase. But what exactly is EMI? If we consider every classroom around the world in which learners are exposed to English language as their second language (L2) we are faced with a huge variety: English as a foreign language (EFL); Immersion, English for academic …
Students’ and parents’ perceptions of trilingual education in Hong Kong primary schools
After the handover back to Mainland China in 1997, the Hong Kong government adopted a ‘biliterate and trilingual’ policy to help Hongkongers develop an ability to read and write Chinese and English, and to speak and understand Cantonese, English and Putonghua. However, there are no clear government guidelines on how and when the three languages should be introduced and taught in primary schools. Based on a survey of 155 Hong Kong primary schools,…
Language tests, linguistic gatekeeping and global mobility
Language tests are increasingly being used as gatekeeping tools in a globalised world. This article examines the processes of linguistic gatekeeping by the use of language tests in the context of migration. We draw on half a dozen cases of test-takers of the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) test who applied for entry into Australia on student, work or residency visa. We argue that while test-using migration programmes in coun…
Language education policy and practice in East and Southeast Asia
East and Southeast Asia represents a linguistically and culturally diverse region. For example, more than 700 languages are spoken in Indonesia alone. It is against this backdrop of diversity that the ten countries that comprise Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) have recently signed the ASEAN Charter which, while calling for respect for the region's languages, cultures and religions also officially nominates English as ASEAN's worki…
Foreign language policies in Asia and Australia in the Asian century
This article provides a comparative analysis of foreign language policies in Asia and Australia with reference to policy contexts, motivations and processes. The analysis is specifically motivated by the recent publication of the Australia in the Asian Century White Paper that represents Australia’s renewed desire to engage with Asia by developing “Asia literacy” including the development of national proficiency in selected Asian languages. It is…
World Englishes and/or English as a lingua franca
The dynamic identity construction in English as lingua franca intercultural communication
English in Southeast Asia
The roles of English within and between the many of the countries which make up Southeast Asia are increasing, and English is constantly being used and negotiated as a mutual means of communication by Asian multilinguals for whom English is an additional language. It is timely, therefore, to consider ways in which these Englishes have been developing, along with the roles English is currently playing. Areas worthy of investigation include the inf…
Trilingual education in Hong Kong primary schools
Since 1997, the 'biliterate and trilingual' policy has been adopted by the Hong Kong government, and is now guiding the curriculum design in Hong Kong primary schools. This language policy aims to ensure that Hong Kong students become biliterate (written English and Chinese) and trilingual (spoken English, Cantonese and Putonghua). However, Hong Kong primary schools currently do not have an agreed method for the implementation of trilingual educa…
Varieties of English in Asia
The earliest contacts between English speakers and Asians led to the emergence of pidgins, as in China (Bolton, 2003).
English in Asian and European Higher Education
The internationalization of higher education has led to a noticeable increase in the number of courses and degrees taught through the medium of English.
Mǎi dan or mái dan?
The term maidan has become a common way of asking for the bill in Putonghua . In this paper we investigate whether this is the transfer of a Cantonese expression which has been re-interpreted as a Putonghua expression, and thus an example of language change being caused by a mistake or mishearing. The study surveyed Mainland Chinese in a number of settings to elicit their preferred way of asking for the bill. By asking them to write the character…
English in Asean
The Charter of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was officially adopted in February 2009. Article 34 of the Charter states that, ‘The working language of ASEAN shall be English’. In this article, I first briefly trace the development of English in ASEAN and demonstrate that, even in those countries of the ASEAN group which were not colonies of Britain or the United States, English has become increasingly important. I show that, i…
English as a medium of instruction in Asian education (from primary to tertiary)
Article English as a medium of instruction in Asian education (from primary to tertiary): Implications for local languages and local scholarship was published on May 16, 2011 in the journal Applied Linguistics Review (volume 2, issue 2011)
Research into language education at The Research Centre for Language Education and Acquisition in Multilingual Societies (RCLEAMS) at the Hong Kong Institute of Education, China
The Research Centre for Language Education and Acquisition in Multilingual Societies (RCLEAMS) is one of four Institute-level Research Centres at the Hong Kong Institute of Education (HKIEd). The principal aim of RCLEAMS is to study multilingual acquisition, language contact and the respective roles of different languages of education in contexts where the languages are not cognate (and where the scripts are often different), in order to be able …
Emerging South-East Asian Englishes and intelligibility
An English lingua franca seems to be emerging in the ten ASEAN countries, and this paper investigates features of the pronunciation of this lingua franca. Twenty speakers, two from each of the ASEAN countries, were recorded while they were conversing in groups of three or four people, all from a different country. The speech that they used is analysed to identify shared features of pronunciation, especially to evaluate the effect that these featu…
Chinese pragmatic norms and 'China English
In this paper we shall first consider a selection of discourse and rhetorical norms of Modern Standard Chinese and then contrast them with a comparable selection of discourse and rhetorical norms of an 'inner circle' variety of English. As the transfer of discourse and rhetorical norms from a first to a second language commonly occurs, we predict that a Chinese variety of English is characterised by a number of discourse and rhetorical norms deri…
The pronunciation of Hong Kong English
This paper provides a detailed description of the pronunciation of English by fifteen fourth-year undergraduates at the Hong Kong Institute of Education. First, the occurrence of American features of pronunciation is considered. Then there is an analysis of the pronunciation of initial TH, initial and final consonant clusters, L-vocalisation, conflation between initial [n] and [l], monophthong vowels, the vowels in FACE and GOAT, vowel reduction,…
The international intelligibility of Hong Kong English
This paper reports on an investigation into the international intelligibility of the English of educated Hong Kong speakers whose L1 is Cantonese. Samples of recordings of extended discourse obtained from three female and three male final-year English majors studying at the Hong Kong Institute of Education were played to groups of university students in Singapore and Australia. The listeners were asked to complete worksheets based on the recordin…
English as an Asian lingua franca and the multilingual model of ELT
The concept of English as a lingua franca (ELF) has recently caused a great deal of controversy, much of it based on a misunderstanding of ELF. In this presentation, I shall first provide a brief history of lingua francas and then compare and contrast two major Asian lingua francas – Bahasa Indonesia and Putonghua – in order to show how different their developmental paths have been. The presentation will then consider the current role that Englis…
English in Asean
The Charter of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was officially adopted in February 2009. Article 34 of the Charter states that, ‘The working language of ASEAN shall be English’. In this article, I first briefly trace the development of English in ASEAN and demonstrate that, even in those countries of the ASEAN group which were not colonies of Britain or the United States, English has become increasingly important. I show that, i…
Setting attainable and appropriate English language targets in multilingual settings
Many countries of Kachru's 'expanding circle' retain models of English which are based on native-speaker models; China, Japan and Korea provide good examples of this. The Hong Kong government has adopted the policy of making its citizens trilingual in Cantonese, Putonghua (Mandarin) and English and biliterate in Chinese and English. There is concern, however, that these aims are not being met, possibly because native-speaker models are being set …
Language education policy and practice in East and Southeast Asia
East and Southeast Asia represents a linguistically and culturally diverse region. For example, more than 700 languages are spoken in Indonesia alone. It is against this backdrop of diversity that the ten countries that comprise Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) have recently signed the ASEAN Charter which, while calling for respect for the region's languages, cultures and religions also officially nominates English as ASEAN's worki…
The dynamic identity construction in English as lingua franca intercultural communication
Foreign language policies in Asia and Australia in the Asian century
This article provides a comparative analysis of foreign language policies in Asia and Australia with reference to policy contexts, motivations and processes. The analysis is specifically motivated by the recent publication of the Australia in the Asian Century White Paper that represents Australia’s renewed desire to engage with Asia by developing “Asia literacy” including the development of national proficiency in selected Asian languages. It is…
English medium instruction
In virtually every research paper on this topic we come across we read that, in the particular context that the writer is operating, English as a medium of instruction (EMI) is on the increase. But what exactly is EMI? If we consider every classroom around the world in which learners are exposed to English language as their second language (L2) we are faced with a huge variety: English as a foreign language (EFL); Immersion, English for academic …
Chinese rhetoric
Apres une breve revue de la classification de l'argument de persuasion dans la litterature sur les langues et la culture asiatiques, l'A. examine la maniere dont l'information est organisee dans l'argument de persuasion en chinois. Certains exemples proviennent du chinois standard moderne, mais la plupart des exemples sont tires du chinois classique
Students’ and parents’ perceptions of trilingual education in Hong Kong primary schools
After the handover back to Mainland China in 1997, the Hong Kong government adopted a ‘biliterate and trilingual’ policy to help Hongkongers develop an ability to read and write Chinese and English, and to speak and understand Cantonese, English and Putonghua. However, there are no clear government guidelines on how and when the three languages should be introduced and taught in primary schools. Based on a survey of 155 Hong Kong primary schools,…
English in Southeast Asia
The roles of English within and between the many of the countries which make up Southeast Asia are increasing, and English is constantly being used and negotiated as a mutual means of communication by Asian multilinguals for whom English is an additional language. It is timely, therefore, to consider ways in which these Englishes have been developing, along with the roles English is currently playing. Areas worthy of investigation include the inf…
World Englishes. The Study of New Linguistic Varieties by Rajend Mesthrie and Rakesh M. Bhatt
World Englishes in Asian Contexts ‐ By Yamuna Kachru and Cecil L. Nelson
Chinese rhetoric
Apres une breve revue de la classification de l'argument de persuasion dans la litterature sur les langues et la culture asiatiques, l'A. examine la maniere dont l'information est organisee dans l'argument de persuasion en chinois. Certains exemples proviennent du chinois standard moderne, mais la plupart des exemples sont tires du chinois classique
Topic — Comment or Modifier — Modified? Information Structure in Modern Standard Chinese
In this paper we first summarise how linguists have treated the notions of topic and comment in the context of Chinese sentence structure. We then review how a number of Chinese scholars have analysed sentence structure in Chinese. We then propose that certain sentences in MSC traditionally analysed as following a topic — comment sequence, particularly those with sentence initial adverbial clauses are, in fact, exhibiting the principle of modifie…
Currents of Thought on Asian English Studies
The fears of Asian governments that the learning of English will lead to cultural and/or linguistic hegemony have been given theoretical support by a number of Western scholars, most notably Phillipson (1992). This paper will argue that these fears are misplaced, if not unfounded, and that the theoretical justification for them is flawed. The argument follows three stages. First, by contrasting the linguistic situation in Singapore and Malaysia, …
Guest Editor’s Remarks
Chinese pragmatic norms and 'China English
In this paper we shall first consider a selection of discourse and rhetorical norms of Modern Standard Chinese and then contrast them with a comparable selection of discourse and rhetorical norms of an 'inner circle' variety of English. As the transfer of discourse and rhetorical norms from a first to a second language commonly occurs, we predict that a Chinese variety of English is characterised by a number of discourse and rhetorical norms deri…
English as an Asean Lingua Franca
It is accepted that: there are currently more so-called non-native speakers of English than there are native speakers,that most current learners of English in the SE Asian region are more likely to use English with fellow learners from within the region than with people who speak native-speaker varieties, andthat English is increasingly used as a lingua franca within the SE Asian region
The 10th Conference of The International Association of World Englishes, Syracuse University, New York, U.S.A., 16–18 July 2004
(2004). The 10th Conference of The International Association of World Englishes, Syracuse University, New York, U.S.A., 16–18 July 2004. Asian Englishes: Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 134-137
Asian Englishes
Most Ministries of Education in East and Southeast Asia still see the acquisition of native-like proficiency as the goal for English language teaching. They thus promote the native speaker model as the classroom target and many have some form of 'native English teacher' scheme, whereby native speakers are brought in from overseas to teach in Asian English language classrooms. In this paper I shall question the need for a native speaker model in a…
Emerging South-East Asian Englishes and intelligibility
An English lingua franca seems to be emerging in the ten ASEAN countries, and this paper investigates features of the pronunciation of this lingua franca. Twenty speakers, two from each of the ASEAN countries, were recorded while they were conversing in groups of three or four people, all from a different country. The speech that they used is analysed to identify shared features of pronunciation, especially to evaluate the effect that these featu…
English as a Lingua Franca
(2007). English as a Lingua Franca: Attitude and Identity. Asian Englishes: Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 106-109
World Englishes in Asian Contexts ‐ By Yamuna Kachru and Cecil L. Nelson
Setting attainable and appropriate English language targets in multilingual settings
Many countries of Kachru's 'expanding circle' retain models of English which are based on native-speaker models; China, Japan and Korea provide good examples of this. The Hong Kong government has adopted the policy of making its citizens trilingual in Cantonese, Putonghua (Mandarin) and English and biliterate in Chinese and English. There is concern, however, that these aims are not being met, possibly because native-speaker models are being set …
One Country, Two Systems, Three Languages
Combining local, national and international languages — the last almost exclusively English in fact —is one of the most pressing issues facing educational professionals in today’s world. How and when can English be introduced to the school curriculum so that children still master literacy in local and national languages? Hong Kong’s language policy aims for its citizens to be trilingual in Cantonese, Putonghua and English and biliterate in Chines…
English as the official working language of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (Asean)
English as a lingua franca: a specific example
The pronunciation of Hong Kong English
This paper provides a detailed description of the pronunciation of English by fifteen fourth-year undergraduates at the Hong Kong Institute of Education. First, the occurrence of American features of pronunciation is considered. Then there is an analysis of the pronunciation of initial TH, initial and final consonant clusters, L-vocalisation, conflation between initial [n] and [l], monophthong vowels, the vowels in FACE and GOAT, vowel reduction,…
The international intelligibility of Hong Kong English
This paper reports on an investigation into the international intelligibility of the English of educated Hong Kong speakers whose L1 is Cantonese. Samples of recordings of extended discourse obtained from three female and three male final-year English majors studying at the Hong Kong Institute of Education were played to groups of university students in Singapore and Australia. The listeners were asked to complete worksheets based on the recordin…
Celebrating Tom's century – 100 issues of English Today
On the occasion of the 100th issue of English Today , scholars from around the world were invited to send their thoughts. Excerpts from messages received up to September 6th, 2009 are presented here
English as a Lingua Franca in Asean
Researching English as a Lingua Franca in Asia
The major role of English in Asia today is as a lingua franca. English is the de facto lingua franca of the grouping of Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and with the signing of the ASEAN Charter in February 2009 assumed official status as the sole working language of ASEAN. English is also the working language of the extended grouping known as ASEAN + 3, which includes the ten states of ASEAN plus China, Japan and Korea. To date, ho…
World Englishes. The Study of New Linguistic Varieties by Rajend Mesthrie and Rakesh M. Bhatt
English as a medium of instruction in Asian education (from primary to tertiary)
Article English as a medium of instruction in Asian education (from primary to tertiary): Implications for local languages and local scholarship was published on May 16, 2011 in the journal Applied Linguistics Review (volume 2, issue 2011)
Research into language education at The Research Centre for Language Education and Acquisition in Multilingual Societies (RCLEAMS) at the Hong Kong Institute of Education, China
The Research Centre for Language Education and Acquisition in Multilingual Societies (RCLEAMS) is one of four Institute-level Research Centres at the Hong Kong Institute of Education (HKIEd). The principal aim of RCLEAMS is to study multilingual acquisition, language contact and the respective roles of different languages of education in contexts where the languages are not cognate (and where the scripts are often different), in order to be able …
English as an Asian lingua franca and the multilingual model of ELT
The concept of English as a lingua franca (ELF) has recently caused a great deal of controversy, much of it based on a misunderstanding of ELF. In this presentation, I shall first provide a brief history of lingua francas and then compare and contrast two major Asian lingua francas – Bahasa Indonesia and Putonghua – in order to show how different their developmental paths have been. The presentation will then consider the current role that Englis…
Varieties of English in Asia
The earliest contacts between English speakers and Asians led to the emergence of pidgins, as in China (Bolton, 2003).
English in Asian and European Higher Education
The internationalization of higher education has led to a noticeable increase in the number of courses and degrees taught through the medium of English.
Linguistics (35 obras) · Multilingual Education and Policy (31 obras) · Sociology (29 obras) · Political science (28 obras) · Philosophy (22 obras) · History (19 obras) · Second Language Learning and Teaching (19 obras) · EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning (18 obras) · English as a lingua franca (15 obras) · Lingua franca (15 obras)