Genevieve Marie Johnson
Biographic Data
| ID | 88798 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Genevieve Marie Johnson |
| GIVEN NAMES | Genevieve Marie |
| FAMILY NAME | Johnson |
| SIGNATURE | JOHNSON G M |
| AFFILIATIONS | MacEwan University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1463-4496 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 17 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 29 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 17 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1993 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Bias, Norms, and Function
This commentary on Thomas Kelly’s Bias: A Philosophical Study compares his Norm-Theoretic Account, which defines bias as involving systematic deviations from genuine norms, with the Functional Account of Bias, which instead conceptualizes bias as a functional response to the problem of underdetermination. While both accounts offer valuable insights, I explore their compatibility and differences, arguing that the Functional Account provides a more…
The hard proxy problem
This paper concerns the proxy problem : often machine learning programs utilize seemingly innocuous features as proxies for socially-sensitive attributes, posing various challenges for the creation of ethical algorithms. I argue that to address this problem, we must first settle a prior question of what it means for an algorithm that only has access to seemingly neutral features to be using those features as “proxies” for, and so to be making dec…
The (Dis)unity of psychological (social) bias
This paper explores the complex nature of social biases, arguing for a functional framework that recognizes their unity and diversity. The functional approach posits that all biases share a common functional role in overcoming underdetermination. This framework, I argue, provides a comprehensive understanding of how all psychological biases, including social biases, are unified. I then turn to the question of disunity, demonstrating how psycholog…
Varieties of Bias
The concept of bias is pervasive in both popular discourse and empirical theorizing within philosophy, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence. This widespread application threatens to render the concept too heterogeneous and unwieldy for systematic investigation. This article explores recent philosophical literature attempting to identify a single theoretical category-termed 'bias'-that could be unified across different contexts. To achie…
Algorithmic bias
Record of assessment moderation practice (Ramp)
In higher education, assessment integrity is pivotal to student learning and satisfaction, and, therefore, a particularly important target of continuous quality improvement. This paper reports on the preliminary development and application of a process of recording and analysing current assessment moderation practices, with the aim of identifying areas in need of improvement. Specifically, survey software was used to create a record keeping strat…
Small Screen Technology Use Among Indigenous Boarding School Adolescents from Remote Regions of Western Australia
The uptake of small screen technology by adolescents is widespread, particularly in industrial nations. Whether the same is true for Australian Aboriginal youth is less clear as there is a dearth of research in this regard. Therefore, in this exploratory study the use of small screen technology by Indigenous students was examined. Twenty-four Indigenous adolescents (mean age 16.4 years) attending a boarding school in a remote region of Western Au…
Technology use among Indigenous adolescents in remote regions of Australia
Twenty-four Indigenous adolescents (mean age 16.4 years) attending a boarding school in a remote region of Western Australia participated in individual structured interviews that queried current patterns of use for each of: (1) television, (2) video games, (3) computers, (4) the Internet, and (5) mobile phones. Results suggest that television, video games and computers play a relatively minor role in the lives of participating adolescents. Howeve…
Young children’s Internet use at home and school
Thirty-eight children in first and second grade completed a 10-item rating scale on Internet use at home and school. Results suggested that, in general, more children used the Internet at school than at home but home-based use was more often perceived as enjoyable. Three patterns of Internet use emerged suggesting three types of young users: home-based users demonstrated extensive, comprehensive, and enjoyable use of the Internet at home coupled …
E-Message Boards for Those Who Self-Injure
Internet use during childhood and the ecological techno-subsystem
Research findings suggest both positive and negative developmental consequences of Internet use during childhood (e.g., playing video games have been associated with enhanced visual skills as well as increased aggression). Several studies have concluded that environmental factors mediate the developmental impact of childhood online behaviour. From an ecological perspective, we propose the techno-subsystem, a dimension of the microsystem (i.e., im…
Verbal and visual reasoning in relation to patterns of Internet use
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine cognitive differences between frequent and infrequent Internet users. Theoretically, culturally‐valued use of the Internet is related to cognitive (i.e. intellectual) ability
The Internet Vocabulary Test for Children
Purpose Currently, the only mechanisms to determine children's use of the Internet are interviews and questionnaires. To increase the validity of theory and research and ensure that practitioners and policy‐makers are guided by accurate information, an improved method of determining children's patterns of Internet use is required. The purpose of this study is to present the Internet Vocabulary Test for Children (IVTC) as a measure of Internet use…
Synchronous and Asynchronous Text-Based CMC in Educational Contexts
Faculty Differences in University Attrition
In order to decrease student attrition by providing appropriate pre‐admission and post‐admission services, a comprehensive picture of the characteristics of undergraduate students who withdraw from university is necessary. Previous attrition/retention research has not adequately described faculty differences in university withdrawal. To address this research deficit, 185 undergraduates who had recently withdrawn from a large publicly‐funded Weste…
An Ecological Framework for Conceptualizing Educational Risk
Contemporary approaches to educational risk have been criticized because of their (a) lack of attention to student-environment interaction and (b) focus on populations at risk as opposed to individuals at risk. Ecological theory is presented as a conceptual orientation to educational risk that confronts both of these criticisms. Specifically, Bronfenbrenner's ecological network consisting offour nested interactive systems is adapted to educationa…
The Child-Care Needs of University Student-Parents
Algorithmic bias
An Ecological Framework for Conceptualizing Educational Risk
Contemporary approaches to educational risk have been criticized because of their (a) lack of attention to student-environment interaction and (b) focus on populations at risk as opposed to individuals at risk. Ecological theory is presented as a conceptual orientation to educational risk that confronts both of these criticisms. Specifically, Bronfenbrenner's ecological network consisting offour nested interactive systems is adapted to educationa…
Varieties of Bias
The concept of bias is pervasive in both popular discourse and empirical theorizing within philosophy, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence. This widespread application threatens to render the concept too heterogeneous and unwieldy for systematic investigation. This article explores recent philosophical literature attempting to identify a single theoretical category-termed 'bias'-that could be unified across different contexts. To achie…
Young children’s Internet use at home and school
Thirty-eight children in first and second grade completed a 10-item rating scale on Internet use at home and school. Results suggested that, in general, more children used the Internet at school than at home but home-based use was more often perceived as enjoyable. Three patterns of Internet use emerged suggesting three types of young users: home-based users demonstrated extensive, comprehensive, and enjoyable use of the Internet at home coupled …
The Internet Vocabulary Test for Children
Purpose Currently, the only mechanisms to determine children's use of the Internet are interviews and questionnaires. To increase the validity of theory and research and ensure that practitioners and policy‐makers are guided by accurate information, an improved method of determining children's patterns of Internet use is required. The purpose of this study is to present the Internet Vocabulary Test for Children (IVTC) as a measure of Internet use…
The Child-Care Needs of University Student-Parents
An Ecological Framework for Conceptualizing Educational Risk
Contemporary approaches to educational risk have been criticized because of their (a) lack of attention to student-environment interaction and (b) focus on populations at risk as opposed to individuals at risk. Ecological theory is presented as a conceptual orientation to educational risk that confronts both of these criticisms. Specifically, Bronfenbrenner's ecological network consisting offour nested interactive systems is adapted to educationa…
Faculty Differences in University Attrition
In order to decrease student attrition by providing appropriate pre‐admission and post‐admission services, a comprehensive picture of the characteristics of undergraduate students who withdraw from university is necessary. Previous attrition/retention research has not adequately described faculty differences in university withdrawal. To address this research deficit, 185 undergraduates who had recently withdrawn from a large publicly‐funded Weste…
Synchronous and Asynchronous Text-Based CMC in Educational Contexts
The Internet Vocabulary Test for Children
Purpose Currently, the only mechanisms to determine children's use of the Internet are interviews and questionnaires. To increase the validity of theory and research and ensure that practitioners and policy‐makers are guided by accurate information, an improved method of determining children's patterns of Internet use is required. The purpose of this study is to present the Internet Vocabulary Test for Children (IVTC) as a measure of Internet use…
Internet use during childhood and the ecological techno-subsystem
Research findings suggest both positive and negative developmental consequences of Internet use during childhood (e.g., playing video games have been associated with enhanced visual skills as well as increased aggression). Several studies have concluded that environmental factors mediate the developmental impact of childhood online behaviour. From an ecological perspective, we propose the techno-subsystem, a dimension of the microsystem (i.e., im…
Verbal and visual reasoning in relation to patterns of Internet use
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine cognitive differences between frequent and infrequent Internet users. Theoretically, culturally‐valued use of the Internet is related to cognitive (i.e. intellectual) ability
E-Message Boards for Those Who Self-Injure
Young children’s Internet use at home and school
Thirty-eight children in first and second grade completed a 10-item rating scale on Internet use at home and school. Results suggested that, in general, more children used the Internet at school than at home but home-based use was more often perceived as enjoyable. Three patterns of Internet use emerged suggesting three types of young users: home-based users demonstrated extensive, comprehensive, and enjoyable use of the Internet at home coupled …
Technology use among Indigenous adolescents in remote regions of Australia
Twenty-four Indigenous adolescents (mean age 16.4 years) attending a boarding school in a remote region of Western Australia participated in individual structured interviews that queried current patterns of use for each of: (1) television, (2) video games, (3) computers, (4) the Internet, and (5) mobile phones. Results suggest that television, video games and computers play a relatively minor role in the lives of participating adolescents. Howeve…
Small Screen Technology Use Among Indigenous Boarding School Adolescents from Remote Regions of Western Australia
The uptake of small screen technology by adolescents is widespread, particularly in industrial nations. Whether the same is true for Australian Aboriginal youth is less clear as there is a dearth of research in this regard. Therefore, in this exploratory study the use of small screen technology by Indigenous students was examined. Twenty-four Indigenous adolescents (mean age 16.4 years) attending a boarding school in a remote region of Western Au…
Record of assessment moderation practice (Ramp)
In higher education, assessment integrity is pivotal to student learning and satisfaction, and, therefore, a particularly important target of continuous quality improvement. This paper reports on the preliminary development and application of a process of recording and analysing current assessment moderation practices, with the aim of identifying areas in need of improvement. Specifically, survey software was used to create a record keeping strat…
Algorithmic bias
The (Dis)unity of psychological (social) bias
This paper explores the complex nature of social biases, arguing for a functional framework that recognizes their unity and diversity. The functional approach posits that all biases share a common functional role in overcoming underdetermination. This framework, I argue, provides a comprehensive understanding of how all psychological biases, including social biases, are unified. I then turn to the question of disunity, demonstrating how psycholog…
Varieties of Bias
The concept of bias is pervasive in both popular discourse and empirical theorizing within philosophy, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence. This widespread application threatens to render the concept too heterogeneous and unwieldy for systematic investigation. This article explores recent philosophical literature attempting to identify a single theoretical category-termed 'bias'-that could be unified across different contexts. To achie…
Bias, Norms, and Function
This commentary on Thomas Kelly’s Bias: A Philosophical Study compares his Norm-Theoretic Account, which defines bias as involving systematic deviations from genuine norms, with the Functional Account of Bias, which instead conceptualizes bias as a functional response to the problem of underdetermination. While both accounts offer valuable insights, I explore their compatibility and differences, arguing that the Functional Account provides a more…
The hard proxy problem
This paper concerns the proxy problem : often machine learning programs utilize seemingly innocuous features as proxies for socially-sensitive attributes, posing various challenges for the creation of ethical algorithms. I argue that to address this problem, we must first settle a prior question of what it means for an algorithm that only has access to seemingly neutral features to be using those features as “proxies” for, and so to be making dec…
Psychology (17 works) · Computer Science (10 works) · The Internet (7 works) · World Wide Web (7 works) · Social Psychology (6 works) · Child Development and Digital Technology (5 works) · Impact of Technology on Adolescents (5 works) · Medicine (5 works) · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment (5 works) · Epistemology (4 works)