T Max Friesen
Biographic Data
| ID | 89488 |
|---|---|
| NAME | T Max Friesen |
| GIVEN NAMES | T Max |
| FAMILY NAME | Friesen |
| SIGNATURE | FRIESEN T M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Toronto |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8622-3883 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 39 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 258 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 39 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1995 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Zooarchaeology of Houses and Middens: Investigating Patterns of Assemblage Composition at Early Inuit Sites Across the North American Arctic
This study examines faunal assemblages from paired semisubterranean houses and middens at 10 Early Inuit sites spanning the North American Arctic (ca. 1200–1500 ce ) to evaluate whether local resource bases or other factors primarily structure zooarchaeological variability. Using taxonomic, taphonomic, and multivariate analyses, we compare assemblage composition, diversity, and bone modifications to assess patterns of site formation and human beh…
The Archaeology of Forgetting, the Dorset, and Arctic Antiquity
Forgetting, an attendant to culture change, is the stuff of history. When cultural innovations, exchange and adoption occur, previous customs, knowledge, technology and other dimensions of culture are often lost—they are forgotten. This paper considers the phenomenon of forgetting and its permutations—the passive forgetting that is more or less an accepted outcome of change, the unintentional forgetting that is accidental and undesired, and the i…
Hunter-gatherer aggregations writ large: Economy, interaction, and ritual in the final days of the Tuniit (Late Dorset) culture
Looking back while moving forward: How past responses to climate change can inform future adaptation and mitigation strategies in the Arctic
Modern Arctic Indigenous peoples face many interconnected pressures, not the least of which is anthropogenic climate change, which is emerging as one of the most dramatic drivers of social and economic change in recent memory. In this paper, we investigate whether or not insights into premodern strategies for coping with climate change—and especially the “deeper histories” of traditional ways-of-knowing—can play a useful role in future planning, …
Climate variability of the Common Era (AD 1–2000) in the eastern North American Arctic: Impacts on human migrations
Long-term perspectives on circumpolar social-ecological systems
An Igluryuaq Unearthed: A Pre-Contact Inuvialuit Cruciform House from Arctic Canada
Across the North American Arctic, Inuit societies constructed a broad array of sophisticated dwellings. One particularly large and complex type known from the Mackenzie Delta region is the cruciform house, a form of semi-subterranean sod house (igluryuaq in the Sallirmiutun Inuvialuktun dialect) with three alcoves extending from its main floor area. Due to a variety of factors, including the scale of excavation required, one has not been fully ex…
Radiocarbon Evidence for Fourteenth-Century Dorset Occupation in the Eastern North American Arctic
One of the most persistent debates in the archaeology of the North American Arctic relates to thirteenth-century AD population distributions and movements. Around this time, the final culture of the long-lived Paleo-Inuit tradition, known as Late Dorset, was replaced by Thule Inuit, who migrated from Alaska to the Eastern Arctic. Due to the almost complete lack of evidence for direct interaction between Dorset and Thule, there are currently two c…
Covering Bones: The Archaeology of Respect on the Kazan River, Nunavut
Complex relationships between people and animals define life in the northern past. For Inuit these relationships are manifested in many ways, particularly in practices that are often described as showing respect for animals, thus promoting stable relations between animal and human societies. Frustratingly, many of these activities, which are so prominent in the ethnographic record, have few archaeological correlates. Here, we examine one importan…
Biogeographic barriers and coastal erosion: Understanding the lack of interaction between the Eastern and Western Regions of the North American Arctic
For most of the past 5,000 years, the North American Arctic has seen distinct cultural developments in its eastern and western regions, with the boundary between them located in the Amundsen Gulf region in northwestern Canada. This boundary was traversed by two major migration episodes that define the 'big picture' of North American Arctic archaeology, but for much of the remainder of prehistory, there are only rare indications of communication o…
Climate change and the deteriorating archaeological and environmental archives of the Arctic
An Early Inupiaq Occupation: Observations on a Thule House From Cape Espenberg, Alaska
This paper describes and interprets a well-preserved early Thule semi-subterranean dwelling from Cape Espenberg, Alaska. The house architecture is similar in many respects to other early Thule dwellings with a sub-rectangular main room, long sunken entrance tunnel, and associated kitchen area. However, the presence of narrow side benches and associated flooring differences adds significantly to the variability present in Thule house form. Radioca…
Technology, Taphonomy, and Seasonality: Understanding Differences between Dorset and Thule Subsistence Strategies at Iqaluktuuq, Victoria Island
This paper examines differences between Late Dorset and Thule Inuit subsistence economies at the Bell site on Victoria Island, Nunavut. This location is relatively unusual in the eastern Arctic region because local subsistence was based largely on caribou and fish, rather than the sea mammals that dominate in most other regions. For both periods, animal bone samples are quantified in terms of taxonomic frequencies, element (body part) distributio…
The Oxford Handbook of the Prehistoric Arctic
The North American Arctic was one of the last regions on Earth to be settled by humans, due to its extreme climate, limited range of resources, and remoteness from populated areas. Despite these factors, it holds a rich and complex history relating to Inuit, Iñupiat, Inuvialuit, Yupik, and Aleut peoples and their ancestors. The artifacts, dwellings, and food remains of these ancient peoples are remarkably well preserved due to cold temperatures a…
The Pembroke Site: Thule Inuit Migrants on Southern Victoria Island
This paper presents description and interpretation of the Pembroke site, the earliest known Thule Inuit occupation in the southeastern Victoria Island region, Nunavut. The site has 11 extant dwellings, including five heavy tent rings, five light semi-subterranean dwellings, and a qalgiq (large communal structure). The site’s economy revolved mainly around the acquisition of caribou, Arctic char, and lake trout, with minimal consumption of sea mam…
Middle Dorset Communal Structures on Victoria Island
This paper describes a cluster of large communal structures in the Oxford Bay region of southeastern Victoria Island in Nunavut, Arctic Canada. The structures consist of linear stone outlines of up to 24 meters in length, and resemble the relatively well-documented Late Dorset longhouses which have been found across much of the Eastern Arctic. However, radiocarbon dates indicate that the Oxford Bay structures were built and used from roughly 200 …
Pre-Dorset Culture
This chapter summarizes our current understanding of the widespread and diverse Pre-Dorset culture, known from the central and eastern parts of the Canadian Arctic between 4500 and 2700 B.P. The Pre-Dorset were mobile foragers, moving across the landscape to exploit seasonally available land and sea mammals in different locales, although the extent of their movements varied considerably. The lithic component of their technology has been more inte…
The Arctic CHAR Project: Climate Change Impacts on the Inuvialuit Archaeological Record
Dans la région du cercle polaire arctique, archéologues et gestionnaires du patrimoine sont de plus en plus préoccupés par la destruction des sites archéologiques due aux changements climatiques actuels. Cet article présente le projet Arctic CHAR créé pour résoudre ce problème dans la région du delta de la rivière Mackenzie, dans le nord-ouest canadien. Plusieurs sites côtiers témoignent de l’histoire des Inuvialuit qui peuplent le delta du Macke…
On the Naming of Arctic Archaeological Traditions: The Case for Paleo-Inuit
The genetic prehistory of the New World Arctic
Arctic genetics comes in from the cold Despite a well-characterized archaeological record, the genetics of the people who inhabit the Arctic have been unexplored. Raghavan et al. sequenced ancient and modern genomes of individuals from the North American Arctic (see the Perspective by Park). Analyses of these genomes indicate that the Arctic was colonized 6000 years ago by a migration separate from the one that gave rise to other Native American …
The impact of weapon technology on caribou drive system variability in the prehistoric Canadian Arctic
To freeze or to dry: Seasonal variability in caribou processing and storage in the barrenlands of Northern Canada
Friesen, Max, Stewart, Andrew (2013): To freeze or to dry: Seasonal variability in caribou processing and storage in the barrenlands of Northern Canada. Anthropozoologica 48 (1): 89-109, DOI: 10.5252/az2013n1a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/az2013n1a5
Archaeofaunal signatures of specialized bowhead whaling in the Western Canadian Arctic: A Regional Study
Betts, Matthew W., Friesen, Max (2013): Archaeofaunal signatures of specialized bowhead whaling in the Western Canadian Arctic: a regional study. Anthropozoologica 48 (1): 53-73, DOI: 10.5252/az2013n1a3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/az2013n1a3
The Importance of Reading Ernest: Applying Burch's Study of Interregional Interaction to Inuvialuit Ethnohistory
T. Max Friesen T. Max Friesen, Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, 19 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S2 Canada; max.friesen{at}utoronto.ca
Dynamic Inuit Social Strategies in Changing Environments: A Long-Term Perspective
Geografisk Tidsskrift—Danish Journal of Geography 110(2):215–225, 2010 This paper presents an overview of the International Polar Year (IPY) research programme Dynamic Inuit Social Strategies in Changing Environments: A Long-Term Perspective. For this project, research teams from six separate multi-year subprojects performed fieldwork across much of the Canadian Arctic. Fieldwork and analysis revolved around two primary processes critical to the …
A Zooarchaeological Signature for Meat Storage: Re-Thinking the Drying Utility Index
Although the practice of food storage is important to many questions addressed by archaeologists, demonstrating its presence in archaeological contexts can be difficult or impossible. One potentially useful approach to meat storage is the concept of the Drying Utility Index, introduced by Lewis Binford (1978) to predict which carcass portions, with attached bone, will be selected for storage by drying. However, this index has not been widely used…
The Timing of the Thule Migration: New Dates from the Western Canadian Arctic
The Thule migration from Alaska to the eastern North American Arctic is central to the understanding of Inuit history. However, despite decades of study, its timing remains controversial, with recent reappraisals suggesting that it may have occurred much later than the date of A.D. 1000 most often assumed for it. In this paper, we present newly obtained radiocarbon dates from two early Thule sites, Nelson River (OhRh-1) and Washout (NjVi-2), loca…
Contemporaneity of Dorset and Thule Cultures in the North American Arctic: New Radiocarbon Dates from Victoria Island, Nunavut
Analogues at Iqaluktuuq: The social context of archaeological inference in Nunavut, Arctic Canada
This paper presents a case study from the Canadian Arctic, in which the community context of an archaeological project has led to a re-thinking of a fundamental aspect of archaeological interpretation. Archaeologists are constantly confronted with the problem of identifying appropriate analogues for the societies whose material remains they study. In the Arctic, a particularly rich ethnographic record exists relating to recent Inuit lifeways; how…
Resource structure, scalar stress, and the development of Inuit social organization
This paper contrasts Inuit socio‐economic organization in two regions: coastal north Alaska and the Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories. Peoples of both regions relied on rich and highly seasonal marine mammal resources, and both of their settlement patterns incorporated relatively large and long‐term aggregations. However, their respective patterns of social organization contrasted in a number of ways, most notably in terms of the organizatio…
Climate change and the deteriorating archaeological and environmental archives of the Arctic
Hearth rows, hierarchies and Arctic hunter-gatherers: The construction of equality in the Late Dorset period
Around 1000 years ago, the eastern North American Arctic was occupied by people known to archaeologists as Late Dorset, who exhibited a high degree of sedentism, reliance on storage and in some regions a relatively high population density. At the same time, the Late Dorset archaeological record has yielded evidence for a well-developed artistic tradition, construction of elaborate communal structures in many regions and a widespread trade network…
To freeze or to dry: Seasonal variability in caribou processing and storage in the barrenlands of Northern Canada
Friesen, Max, Stewart, Andrew (2013): To freeze or to dry: Seasonal variability in caribou processing and storage in the barrenlands of Northern Canada. Anthropozoologica 48 (1): 89-109, DOI: 10.5252/az2013n1a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/az2013n1a5
An Early Inupiaq Occupation: Observations on a Thule House From Cape Espenberg, Alaska
This paper describes and interprets a well-preserved early Thule semi-subterranean dwelling from Cape Espenberg, Alaska. The house architecture is similar in many respects to other early Thule dwellings with a sub-rectangular main room, long sunken entrance tunnel, and associated kitchen area. However, the presence of narrow side benches and associated flooring differences adds significantly to the variability present in Thule house form. Radioca…
Declining foraging returns from an inexhaustible resource? Abundance indices and beluga whaling in the western Canadian Arctic
Biogeographic barriers and coastal erosion: Understanding the lack of interaction between the Eastern and Western Regions of the North American Arctic
For most of the past 5,000 years, the North American Arctic has seen distinct cultural developments in its eastern and western regions, with the boundary between them located in the Amundsen Gulf region in northwestern Canada. This boundary was traversed by two major migration episodes that define the 'big picture' of North American Arctic archaeology, but for much of the remainder of prehistory, there are only rare indications of communication o…
Pre-Dorset Culture
This chapter summarizes our current understanding of the widespread and diverse Pre-Dorset culture, known from the central and eastern parts of the Canadian Arctic between 4500 and 2700 B.P. The Pre-Dorset were mobile foragers, moving across the landscape to exploit seasonally available land and sea mammals in different locales, although the extent of their movements varied considerably. The lithic component of their technology has been more inte…
Radiocarbon Evidence for Fourteenth-Century Dorset Occupation in the Eastern North American Arctic
One of the most persistent debates in the archaeology of the North American Arctic relates to thirteenth-century AD population distributions and movements. Around this time, the final culture of the long-lived Paleo-Inuit tradition, known as Late Dorset, was replaced by Thule Inuit, who migrated from Alaska to the Eastern Arctic. Due to the almost complete lack of evidence for direct interaction between Dorset and Thule, there are currently two c…
Technology, Taphonomy, and Seasonality: Understanding Differences between Dorset and Thule Subsistence Strategies at Iqaluktuuq, Victoria Island
This paper examines differences between Late Dorset and Thule Inuit subsistence economies at the Bell site on Victoria Island, Nunavut. This location is relatively unusual in the eastern Arctic region because local subsistence was based largely on caribou and fish, rather than the sea mammals that dominate in most other regions. For both periods, animal bone samples are quantified in terms of taxonomic frequencies, element (body part) distributio…
Kitigaaryuit: A Portrait of the Mackenzie Inuit in the 1890s, Based on the Journals of Isaac O. Stringer
In the nineteenth century, the village of Kitigaaryuit was the most important settlement of the Mackenzie Inuit, who inhabited the Beaufort Sea coast in northwesternmost Canada. However, the nature of Mackenzie Inuit life at Kitigaaryuit is poorly understood, due to the brevity and rarity of relevant ethnohistoric and ethnographic accounts. This paper presents a summary and interpretation of the previously unpublished journals and letters of the …
Covering Bones: The Archaeology of Respect on the Kazan River, Nunavut
Complex relationships between people and animals define life in the northern past. For Inuit these relationships are manifested in many ways, particularly in practices that are often described as showing respect for animals, thus promoting stable relations between animal and human societies. Frustratingly, many of these activities, which are so prominent in the ethnographic record, have few archaeological correlates. Here, we examine one importan…
Thule Fishing Revisited: The Economic Importance of Fish at the Pembroke and Bell Sites, Victoria Island, Nunavut
Geografisk Tidsskrift—Danish Journal of Geography 110(2):261–278, 2010 In a comprehensive overview of evidence for fishing in the Thule period of the eastern North American Arctic, Whitridge (2001) noted that fish bones are either extremely rare or absent in archaeofaunal samples, despite the fact that artifact assemblages typically contain a variety of fishing implements. In this paper, we present new faunal data from two sites on southeastern V…
Middle Dorset Communal Structures on Victoria Island
This paper describes a cluster of large communal structures in the Oxford Bay region of southeastern Victoria Island in Nunavut, Arctic Canada. The structures consist of linear stone outlines of up to 24 meters in length, and resemble the relatively well-documented Late Dorset longhouses which have been found across much of the Eastern Arctic. However, radiocarbon dates indicate that the Oxford Bay structures were built and used from roughly 200 …
Archaeofaunal signatures of specialized bowhead whaling in the Western Canadian Arctic: A Regional Study
Betts, Matthew W., Friesen, Max (2013): Archaeofaunal signatures of specialized bowhead whaling in the Western Canadian Arctic: a regional study. Anthropozoologica 48 (1): 53-73, DOI: 10.5252/az2013n1a3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/az2013n1a3
Regional variability in Mackenzie Inuit beluga whale use
Inuit of the Mackenzie Delta region, Northwest Territories, relied on a wide range of subsistence resources, however they are best known as the consummate hunters of beluga whales ( Delphinapterus leucas ). This species represented a focal resource for the two regional groups centred on the East Channel of the Mackenzie River, but was available much less frequently and reliably to adjacent groups, who relied to a greater degree on alternative res…
Hunter-gatherer aggregations writ large: Economy, interaction, and ritual in the final days of the Tuniit (Late Dorset) culture
An Igluryuaq Unearthed: A Pre-Contact Inuvialuit Cruciform House from Arctic Canada
Across the North American Arctic, Inuit societies constructed a broad array of sophisticated dwellings. One particularly large and complex type known from the Mackenzie Delta region is the cruciform house, a form of semi-subterranean sod house (igluryuaq in the Sallirmiutun Inuvialuktun dialect) with three alcoves extending from its main floor area. Due to a variety of factors, including the scale of excavation required, one has not been fully ex…
Zooarchaeology of a Focal Resource: Dietary Importance of Beluga Whales to the Precontact Mackenzie Inuit
Ethnohistoric records indicate that the economy of early historic Mackenzie Inuit was centred on the summer hunt for beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas). However, no systematic attempt has been made to quantify the dietary importance of beluga whales to earlier, precontact-period Mackenzie Inuit societies. This issue is addressed herein through analysis of over 2000 beluga bones recovered from a semisubterranean house at Gupuk, a Mackenzie Inui…
Traditional Beluga Drives of the Iñupiat of Kotzebue Sound, Alaska, by Charles V. Lucier and James W. Vanstone
Resource structure, scalar stress, and the development of Inuit social organization
This paper contrasts Inuit socio‐economic organization in two regions: coastal north Alaska and the Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories. Peoples of both regions relied on rich and highly seasonal marine mammal resources, and both of their settlement patterns incorporated relatively large and long‐term aggregations. However, their respective patterns of social organization contrasted in a number of ways, most notably in terms of the organizatio…
Archaeology and Oral History of Inuit Land Use on the Kazan River, Nunavut: A Feature-based Approach
Archaeology and oral history are used to interpret recent Inuit land use along the lower Kazan River. A record of caribou crossings, camps, and other places of cultural significance generated by Inuit elders from Baker Lake is combined with the results of an archaeological survey to identify important spring and fall sites. The survey, which employed differential Geographic Positioning System (GPS) technology to record individual archaeological f…
A Zooarchaeological Signature for Meat Storage: Re-Thinking the Drying Utility Index
Although the practice of food storage is important to many questions addressed by archaeologists, demonstrating its presence in archaeological contexts can be difficult or impossible. One potentially useful approach to meat storage is the concept of the Drying Utility Index, introduced by Lewis Binford (1978) to predict which carcass portions, with attached bone, will be selected for storage by drying. However, this index has not been widely used…
Regional variability in Mackenzie Inuit beluga whale use
Inuit of the Mackenzie Delta region, Northwest Territories, relied on a wide range of subsistence resources, however they are best known as the consummate hunters of beluga whales ( Delphinapterus leucas ). This species represented a focal resource for the two regional groups centred on the East Channel of the Mackenzie River, but was available much less frequently and reliably to adjacent groups, who relied to a greater degree on alternative res…
Analogues at Iqaluktuuq: The social context of archaeological inference in Nunavut, Arctic Canada
This paper presents a case study from the Canadian Arctic, in which the community context of an archaeological project has led to a re-thinking of a fundamental aspect of archaeological interpretation. Archaeologists are constantly confronted with the problem of identifying appropriate analogues for the societies whose material remains they study. In the Arctic, a particularly rich ethnographic record exists relating to recent Inuit lifeways; how…
Quantifying hunter–gatherer intensification: A zooarchaeological case study from Arctic Canada
Kitigaaryuit: A Portrait of the Mackenzie Inuit in the 1890s, Based on the Journals of Isaac O. Stringer
In the nineteenth century, the village of Kitigaaryuit was the most important settlement of the Mackenzie Inuit, who inhabited the Beaufort Sea coast in northwesternmost Canada. However, the nature of Mackenzie Inuit life at Kitigaaryuit is poorly understood, due to the brevity and rarity of relevant ethnohistoric and ethnographic accounts. This paper presents a summary and interpretation of the previously unpublished journals and letters of the …
Contemporaneity of Dorset and Thule Cultures in the North American Arctic: New Radiocarbon Dates from Victoria Island, Nunavut
Declining foraging returns from an inexhaustible resource? Abundance indices and beluga whaling in the western Canadian Arctic
Hearth rows, hierarchies and Arctic hunter-gatherers: The construction of equality in the Late Dorset period
Around 1000 years ago, the eastern North American Arctic was occupied by people known to archaeologists as Late Dorset, who exhibited a high degree of sedentism, reliance on storage and in some regions a relatively high population density. At the same time, the Late Dorset archaeological record has yielded evidence for a well-developed artistic tradition, construction of elaborate communal structures in many regions and a widespread trade network…
The Timing of the Thule Migration: New Dates from the Western Canadian Arctic
The Thule migration from Alaska to the eastern North American Arctic is central to the understanding of Inuit history. However, despite decades of study, its timing remains controversial, with recent reappraisals suggesting that it may have occurred much later than the date of A.D. 1000 most often assumed for it. In this paper, we present newly obtained radiocarbon dates from two early Thule sites, Nelson River (OhRh-1) and Washout (NjVi-2), loca…
Dynamic Inuit Social Strategies in Changing Environments: A Long-Term Perspective
Geografisk Tidsskrift—Danish Journal of Geography 110(2):215–225, 2010 This paper presents an overview of the International Polar Year (IPY) research programme Dynamic Inuit Social Strategies in Changing Environments: A Long-Term Perspective. For this project, research teams from six separate multi-year subprojects performed fieldwork across much of the Canadian Arctic. Fieldwork and analysis revolved around two primary processes critical to the …
Thule Fishing Revisited: The Economic Importance of Fish at the Pembroke and Bell Sites, Victoria Island, Nunavut
Geografisk Tidsskrift—Danish Journal of Geography 110(2):261–278, 2010 In a comprehensive overview of evidence for fishing in the Thule period of the eastern North American Arctic, Whitridge (2001) noted that fish bones are either extremely rare or absent in archaeofaunal samples, despite the fact that artifact assemblages typically contain a variety of fishing implements. In this paper, we present new faunal data from two sites on southeastern V…
The Importance of Reading Ernest: Applying Burch's Study of Interregional Interaction to Inuvialuit Ethnohistory
T. Max Friesen T. Max Friesen, Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, 19 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S2 Canada; max.friesen{at}utoronto.ca
The impact of weapon technology on caribou drive system variability in the prehistoric Canadian Arctic
To freeze or to dry: Seasonal variability in caribou processing and storage in the barrenlands of Northern Canada
Friesen, Max, Stewart, Andrew (2013): To freeze or to dry: Seasonal variability in caribou processing and storage in the barrenlands of Northern Canada. Anthropozoologica 48 (1): 89-109, DOI: 10.5252/az2013n1a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/az2013n1a5
Archaeofaunal signatures of specialized bowhead whaling in the Western Canadian Arctic: A Regional Study
Betts, Matthew W., Friesen, Max (2013): Archaeofaunal signatures of specialized bowhead whaling in the Western Canadian Arctic: a regional study. Anthropozoologica 48 (1): 53-73, DOI: 10.5252/az2013n1a3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/az2013n1a3
The genetic prehistory of the New World Arctic
Arctic genetics comes in from the cold Despite a well-characterized archaeological record, the genetics of the people who inhabit the Arctic have been unexplored. Raghavan et al. sequenced ancient and modern genomes of individuals from the North American Arctic (see the Perspective by Park). Analyses of these genomes indicate that the Arctic was colonized 6000 years ago by a migration separate from the one that gave rise to other Native American …
The Arctic CHAR Project: Climate Change Impacts on the Inuvialuit Archaeological Record
Dans la région du cercle polaire arctique, archéologues et gestionnaires du patrimoine sont de plus en plus préoccupés par la destruction des sites archéologiques due aux changements climatiques actuels. Cet article présente le projet Arctic CHAR créé pour résoudre ce problème dans la région du delta de la rivière Mackenzie, dans le nord-ouest canadien. Plusieurs sites côtiers témoignent de l’histoire des Inuvialuit qui peuplent le delta du Macke…
On the Naming of Arctic Archaeological Traditions: The Case for Paleo-Inuit
The Oxford Handbook of the Prehistoric Arctic
The North American Arctic was one of the last regions on Earth to be settled by humans, due to its extreme climate, limited range of resources, and remoteness from populated areas. Despite these factors, it holds a rich and complex history relating to Inuit, Iñupiat, Inuvialuit, Yupik, and Aleut peoples and their ancestors. The artifacts, dwellings, and food remains of these ancient peoples are remarkably well preserved due to cold temperatures a…
The Pembroke Site: Thule Inuit Migrants on Southern Victoria Island
This paper presents description and interpretation of the Pembroke site, the earliest known Thule Inuit occupation in the southeastern Victoria Island region, Nunavut. The site has 11 extant dwellings, including five heavy tent rings, five light semi-subterranean dwellings, and a qalgiq (large communal structure). The site’s economy revolved mainly around the acquisition of caribou, Arctic char, and lake trout, with minimal consumption of sea mam…
Middle Dorset Communal Structures on Victoria Island
This paper describes a cluster of large communal structures in the Oxford Bay region of southeastern Victoria Island in Nunavut, Arctic Canada. The structures consist of linear stone outlines of up to 24 meters in length, and resemble the relatively well-documented Late Dorset longhouses which have been found across much of the Eastern Arctic. However, radiocarbon dates indicate that the Oxford Bay structures were built and used from roughly 200 …
Indigenous Studies and Ecology (38 works) · Geography (37 works) · Archaeology (32 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (30 works) · Arctic (30 works) · Geology (26 works) · Oceanography (24 works) · Geology (17 works) · Oceanography (16 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (16 works)