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Cristal N Hernandez

Biographic Data

ID915559
NAMECristal N Hernandez
GIVEN NAMESCristal N
FAMILY NAMEHernandez
SIGNATUREHERNANDEZ C N
AFFILIATIONSSam Houston State University
ORCID0000-0002-6931-8741
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS5
TOTAL CITATIONS2
AUTHOR COUNT5
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR2021
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2025
H-INDEX1
  • Deadly Force by U.S. Customs and Border Protection: An Analysis of Fatal Encounters with Latinos

    Open Access•Cristal N Hernandez, Miltonette Olivia Craig•ARTICLE•Sociology of Race and Ethnicity•2025•References: 51

    Federal agencies are largely underrepresented when examining the dynamics of officer-involved killings. Amid discussions of police and immigration reform is the underexplored role of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). Given the increased focus on reports of deaths at the U.S.–Mexico border, CBP agents’ use of deadly force warrants further scholarly attention. To address this gap in the literature, we rely on data from the Southern Border C…

  • Examining Latina IPV Survivors’ Help-Seeking Experiences: Unmet Needs and Lack of Culturally Competent Services

    Open Access•Cristal N Hernandez, Shelly Clevenger et al.•ARTICLE•Crime & Delinquency•2024

    The current study examines the help-seeking experience of Latina intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors. By relying on data from a statewide IPV service needs assessment, this study answers the following research questions: (RQ1) What is the experience of seeking help from an IPV service agency like for Latina survivors? (RQ2) What are the most prevalent unmet needs among Latina survivors seeking help from an IPV service agency? Based on vario…

  • An Empirical Examination of the In-Prison Behaviors of Foreign-Born Individuals: Does Nationality Predict Misconduct

    Open Access•Javier Ramos, Sylwia J Piatkowska et al.•ARTICLE•Race and Justice•2023

    The current study investigates how immigrants cope and adapt to the “pains of imprisonment” by examining a specific maladjustment outcome—disciplinary infractions. Like other groups (e.g., females, LGBTQ, elderly), immigrants are regarded as a special population in prison considering that they encounter a unique set of challenges that the typical incarcerated person does not. At the same time, immigrants are not a monolithic group, and there are …

  • Illuminating the Immigration–Crime Nexus: A Test of the Immigration Revitalization Perspective

    Open Access•Javier Ramos, Cristal N Hernandez et al.•ARTICLE•Societies•2023•Cited by: 2•References: 16

    Research shows that immigration is often associated with less crime. Yet, what remains unclear is why this is the case. The primary explanation for why immigration reduces crime, according to scholars, is the immigration revitalization thesis. This perspective argues that immigration revitalizes communities by promoting local business growth, bolstering social ties, and enhancing conventional institutions (e.g., churches, voluntary organizations)…

  • The Sexual Victimization of College Students: A Test of Routine Activity Theory

    Open Access•Brittany E Hayes, Eryn Nicole O’Neal et al.•ARTICLE•Crime & Delinquency•2021

    This study examines the applicability of theoretically-relevant routine activity variables to understand the risk of sexual victimization among college students. Analyses assess if routine activity-related variables have similar explanatory power for rape and sexual assault. Indicators of “proximity to motivated offenders” and “exposure to crime” were associated with rape. Indicators related to “proximity to motivated offenders,” “exposure to cri…

  • Illuminating the Immigration–Crime Nexus: A Test of the Immigration Revitalization Perspective

    Open Access•Javier Ramos, Cristal N Hernandez et al.•ARTICLE•Societies•2023•Cited by: 2•References: 16

    Research shows that immigration is often associated with less crime. Yet, what remains unclear is why this is the case. The primary explanation for why immigration reduces crime, according to scholars, is the immigration revitalization thesis. This perspective argues that immigration revitalizes communities by promoting local business growth, bolstering social ties, and enhancing conventional institutions (e.g., churches, voluntary organizations)…

  • The Sexual Victimization of College Students: A Test of Routine Activity Theory

    Open Access•Brittany E Hayes, Eryn Nicole O’Neal et al.•ARTICLE•Crime & Delinquency•2021

    This study examines the applicability of theoretically-relevant routine activity variables to understand the risk of sexual victimization among college students. Analyses assess if routine activity-related variables have similar explanatory power for rape and sexual assault. Indicators of “proximity to motivated offenders” and “exposure to crime” were associated with rape. Indicators related to “proximity to motivated offenders,” “exposure to cri…

  • An Empirical Examination of the In-Prison Behaviors of Foreign-Born Individuals: Does Nationality Predict Misconduct

    Open Access•Javier Ramos, Sylwia J Piatkowska et al.•ARTICLE•Race and Justice•2023

    The current study investigates how immigrants cope and adapt to the “pains of imprisonment” by examining a specific maladjustment outcome—disciplinary infractions. Like other groups (e.g., females, LGBTQ, elderly), immigrants are regarded as a special population in prison considering that they encounter a unique set of challenges that the typical incarcerated person does not. At the same time, immigrants are not a monolithic group, and there are …

  • Illuminating the Immigration–Crime Nexus: A Test of the Immigration Revitalization Perspective

    Open Access•Javier Ramos, Cristal N Hernandez et al.•ARTICLE•Societies•2023•Cited by: 2•References: 16

    Research shows that immigration is often associated with less crime. Yet, what remains unclear is why this is the case. The primary explanation for why immigration reduces crime, according to scholars, is the immigration revitalization thesis. This perspective argues that immigration revitalizes communities by promoting local business growth, bolstering social ties, and enhancing conventional institutions (e.g., churches, voluntary organizations)…

  • Examining Latina IPV Survivors’ Help-Seeking Experiences: Unmet Needs and Lack of Culturally Competent Services

    Open Access•Cristal N Hernandez, Shelly Clevenger et al.•ARTICLE•Crime & Delinquency•2024

    The current study examines the help-seeking experience of Latina intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors. By relying on data from a statewide IPV service needs assessment, this study answers the following research questions: (RQ1) What is the experience of seeking help from an IPV service agency like for Latina survivors? (RQ2) What are the most prevalent unmet needs among Latina survivors seeking help from an IPV service agency? Based on vario…

  • Deadly Force by U.S. Customs and Border Protection: An Analysis of Fatal Encounters with Latinos

    Open Access•Cristal N Hernandez, Miltonette Olivia Craig•ARTICLE•Sociology of Race and Ethnicity•2025•References: 51

    Federal agencies are largely underrepresented when examining the dynamics of officer-involved killings. Amid discussions of police and immigration reform is the underexplored role of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). Given the increased focus on reports of deaths at the U.S.–Mexico border, CBP agents’ use of deadly force warrants further scholarly attention. To address this gap in the literature, we rely on data from the Southern Border C…

Criminology (4 works) · Political science (4 works) · Psychology (3 works) · Sociology (3 works) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (2 works) · Ethnic group (2 works) · Geography (2 works) · Immigration (2 works) · Law (2 works) · Medicine (2 works)

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