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John H Esling

Biographic Data

ID95509
NAMEJohn H Esling
GIVEN NAMESJohn H
FAMILY NAMEEsling
SIGNATUREESLING J H
AFFILIATIONSUniversity of Victoria
VERIFIEDNo
TOTAL WORKS33
TOTAL CITATIONS94
AUTHOR COUNT33
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR1978
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2026
H-INDEX7
  • Catford, J. C.

    Open Access•Jimmy G Harris, John H Esling•CHAPTER•Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics•2026

    Professor Emeritus J. C. Ian Catford was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1917 and died peacefully in Seattle, Washington, in 2009. Ian's father was English and his mother was Scottish. He grew up in Edinburgh and considered himself more Scottish than English. In his preteens, he was seriously interested in engineering, especially the aerodynamics of steam flow, steam values, and cylinders of steam locomotives.

  • Qualité vocale et enseignement de la phonétique comme point de convergence épistémologique

    John H Esling, John Esling et al.•ARTICLE•Langages•2023•Cited by: 4•References: 10

    Quelle est la relation entre la qualité vocale, la pratique de l'enseignement et les sciences de la parole ? Notre réflexion épistémologique examine trois contextes d'enseignement : la phonétique dans un contexte académique, la prononciation en langue seconde (L2) et la phonétique clinique pour les cliniciens. Nous opposons les approches pédagogiques déclaratives-explicites et procédurales-implicites, et nous proposons des contributions innovante…

  • Phonological potentials and the lower vocal tract

    Open Access•Scott R Moisik, Ewa Czaykowska-Higgins et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2021

    This paper outlines a theoretical approach to speech sound systems based on the notion of phonological potentials: physical ‘pressures’ or biases that give rise to discrete structure and the tendencies associated with this structure that arise from the physical nature of speech sound systems. We apply this approach to a poorly understood area of phonology – phenomena of the lower vocal tract (LVT) – through a schematic that encapsulates the compl…

  • Jianchuan Bai

    Open Access•Jerold A Edmondson, John H Esling et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2021

    The Bai language ( ) is spoken by approximately 1.6 million people in northwest Yunnan Province, China. Of the 25 minority languages spoken in Yunnan, where 33% of the population are ethnic minorities and 67% are Han Chinese, the Bai ethnic minority is second in population only to the Yi (Wiersma 1990, 2003; 2010 census). Bai is classified as a Tibeto-Burman language (Xu & Zhao 1964, 1984), although arguments have been raised as to its possible e…

  • Revisions to the VoQS system for the transcription of voice quality

    Open Access•Martin J Ball, John H Esling et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2018•Cited by: 2•References: 4

    The 'voice quality symbols' (VoQS) transcription system for voice quality was introduced some 20 years ago, and no major revision has been undertaken since then. In this account we describe the first major revision of the VoQS chart, these changes being mostly in the form of additions to the section on phonation types, but include also changes to the layout of the supralaryngeal settings section. These reflect recent developments in the understan…

  • Nuosu Yi

    Open Access•Jerold A Edmondson, John H Esling et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2017•Cited by: 3•References: 6

    The Nuosu (Nosu) Yi language, or Northern Yi (北部彝语), is spoken by approximately two million people in southern Sichuan Province and northern Yunnan Province, China, the majority of whom are monolingual. Yi is a member of the Yi Branch of the Lolo-Burmese subgroup of the Tibeto-Burman family (Benedict 1972/2009, Bradley 1979), which includes some 50 languages, also called the Nisoic languages (Lama 2012) or Ngwi Group. The large (5 million) ethnic…

  • A study of laryngeal gestures in Mandarin citation tones using simultaneous laryngoscopy and laryngeal ultrasound (SLLUS)

    Open Access•Scott R Moisik, Hua Lin et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2014•Cited by: 11•References: 48

    In this work, Mandarin tone production is examined usingsimultaneous laryngoscopy and laryngeal ultrasound(SLLUS). Laryngoscopy is used to obtain information about laryngeal state, and laryngeal ultrasound is used to quantify changes in larynx height. With this methodology, several observations are made concerning the production of Mandarin tone in citation form. Two production strategies are attested for low tone production: (i) larynx lowering …

  • In Memoriam: Jimmy G. Harris (1930–2012)

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2013

    Jimmy Gene Harris died in Seattle on 30 September 2012, at the age of 82. He led a remarkable life. He was a soldier of fortune, a champion for human rights, an exacting phonetic fieldworker, an observer of human nature, a teller of stories, a teacher and a mentor. Raised in the Arkansas Ozarks, he began his international adventures as a US Marine Corps sergeant in the Korean War. He pursued his linguistic education in Mexico City and at the Univ…

  • Voice Quality

    Open Access•John H Esling•CHAPTER•Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics•2012

    Voice quality refers to the long‐term phonetic characteristics of a person's accent, although the term is also used in a narrower sense for the type of phonation produced in the larynx.

  • The Articulatory Function of the Larynx and the Origins of Speech

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Proceedings of the Annual Meeting…•2012

    The ‘laryngeal articulator,’ consisting of the glottal mechanism, the supraglottic tube, the pharyngeal/epiglottal mechanism, and including three levels of folds: the vocal folds, the ventricular folds, and the aryepiglottic folds, is shown to be responsible for the generation of multiple source vibrations and for the complex modification of the pharyngeal resonating chamber that accounts for a wide range of contrastive auditory qualities. These …

  • Th Anniversary of Jipa

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2010

    This year, 2010, we celebrate the 40th anniversary of the publication of the Journal of the International Phonetic Association and the 125th anniversary of the publishing of a journal by the Association. From 1886 through 1888, the journal had the title The Phonetic Teacher , rendered variably as Dhi Fonètik Tîtcer (1886–1887), dhə fənetik tîtcər (1887–1888), ðə fonetik tîtcər (1888). From 1889 to 1970, the name of the journal was Le Maître Phoné…

  • The valves of the throat and their functioning in tone, vocal register and stress: Laryngoscopic case studies

    Open Access•Jerold A Edmondson, John H Esling•ARTICLE•Phonology•2006

    The standard method of describing phonation for tone, vocal register, stress and other linguistic categories relies on the ‘continuum hypothesis’ that linguistic sounds are produced by means of glottal states determined by the aperture between the arytenoid cartilages, the endpoints of the voiceless–voiced continuum being ‘open glottis’ and ‘closed glottis’. This paper takes a different view, pointing out that many languages make use of a number …

  • There Are No Back Vowels: The Larygeal Articulator Model

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•The Canadian Journal of…•2005

    As an alternative to the high-low-front-back model of vowel specification, the laryngeal articulator model is proposed, based on a reinterpretation of how the vocal tract functions to produce laryngeal and pharyngeal sounds. Evidence drawn from numerous laryngoscopic studies demonstrates the scope of articulatory behaviours possible in the pharynx. For a broad sample of languages, lingual retraction is shown to accompany laryngeal/pharyngeal gest…

  • Glottal stop, glottalized resonants, and pharyngeals: A reinterpretation with evidence from a laryngoscopic study of Nuuchahnulth (Nootka)

    Open Access•John H Esling, Katie Fraser et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Phonetics•2005•Cited by: 13•References: 19

  • Phonetics and physiology of the historical shift of uvulars to pharyngeals in Nuuchahnulth (Nootka)

    Open Access•Barry F Carlson, John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2003•Cited by: 3

    This paper examines the phonetic typology of pharyngeal sounds and presents external articulatory evidence for the phonological shift from uvular ejectives to pharyngeals in the Nootka dialects of Nuuchahnulth, based on the theory of the function of the aryepiglottic laryngeal sphincter mechanism. The phonetic structure of postvelar sounds is evaluated laryngoscopically in Wakashan and in Salish (cross-linguistically) to explain the historical ph…

  • Nuuchahnulth

    Open Access•Barry F Carlson, John H Esling et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2001•Cited by: 6

    Nuuchahnulth (PHONETICS), often referred to in the literature as Nootka, is a Wakashan language spoken by people living on the west coast of Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada. Each of thirteen Nuuchahnulth bands represents a different dialect group. Nitinaht (Diitiidath) is usually included in the Nuuchahnulth group, but it is divergent enough to be considered a separate language. The data in this illustration represent the Ahousaht (P…

  • Spokane

    Open Access•Barry F Carlson, John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2000•Cited by: 2•References: 7

    Spokane and Kalispel (NpoqÉ ånišcn, Qalispé), both located in eastern Washington State, and Montana Salish (Flathead), are nearly identical dialects of an Interior Salish language now spoken by only a handful of elders. Grammatical sketches are available for Spokane (Carlson 1972) and Kalispel (Vogt 1940). There is no modern grammar of Montana Salish; Black (1996) uses both Spokane and Montana Salish material in her doctoral dissertation. Thompso…

  • Council election, 1999

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1999

    An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button

  • The IPA Categories “Pharyngeal” and “Epiglottal”: Laryngoscopic Observations of Pharyngeal Articulations and Larynx Height

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Language and Speech•1999•Cited by: 10•References: 21

    The phonetic problem is to describe accurately the articulatory mechanism, or mechanisms, responsible for the production of a series of sounds that are presently labelled on the chart of the International Phonetic Association as either pharyngeal or epiglottal. The sounds on which these categories are based are found in the Semitic languages, in the languages of the Caucasus, and in the languages of the Pacific Northwest coast of North America. I…

  • Dr. Henry J. Warkentyne

    Open Access•Craig Dickson, John H Esling et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1997

    An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button

  • IPA Council Election 1999

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1997

    An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content

  • Revision of the Membership By-law

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1996

    An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content

  • Pharyngeal consonants and the aryepiglottic sphincter

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1996•Cited by: 11•References: 21

    Recent laryngoscopic observations suggest that renewed discussion of pharyngeal articulations is warranted. The discussion involves issues of place of articulation - the nature of the category "epiglottal" - and of manner of articulation - whether pharyngeal manners of articulation go beyond approximant and fricative to include trill and stop. In essence, the question is still the old one of how those sounds which are labelled auditorily as "phar…

  • Minutes of the General Meeting 1995

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1995

    An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content

  • News of the IPA

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1995

    An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content

Next
  • Glottal stop, glottalized resonants, and pharyngeals: A reinterpretation with evidence from a laryngoscopic study of Nuuchahnulth (Nootka)

    Open Access•John H Esling, Katie Fraser et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Phonetics•2005•Cited by: 13•References: 19

  • A study of laryngeal gestures in Mandarin citation tones using simultaneous laryngoscopy and laryngeal ultrasound (SLLUS)

    Open Access•Scott R Moisik, Hua Lin et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2014•Cited by: 11•References: 48

    In this work, Mandarin tone production is examined usingsimultaneous laryngoscopy and laryngeal ultrasound(SLLUS). Laryngoscopy is used to obtain information about laryngeal state, and laryngeal ultrasound is used to quantify changes in larynx height. With this methodology, several observations are made concerning the production of Mandarin tone in citation form. Two production strategies are attested for low tone production: (i) larynx lowering …

  • Pharyngeal consonants and the aryepiglottic sphincter

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1996•Cited by: 11•References: 21

    Recent laryngoscopic observations suggest that renewed discussion of pharyngeal articulations is warranted. The discussion involves issues of place of articulation - the nature of the category "epiglottal" - and of manner of articulation - whether pharyngeal manners of articulation go beyond approximant and fricative to include trill and stop. In essence, the question is still the old one of how those sounds which are labelled auditorily as "phar…

  • The IPA Categories “Pharyngeal” and “Epiglottal”: Laryngoscopic Observations of Pharyngeal Articulations and Larynx Height

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Language and Speech•1999•Cited by: 10•References: 21

    The phonetic problem is to describe accurately the articulatory mechanism, or mechanisms, responsible for the production of a series of sounds that are presently labelled on the chart of the International Phonetic Association as either pharyngeal or epiglottal. The sounds on which these categories are based are found in the Semitic languages, in the languages of the Caucasus, and in the languages of the Pacific Northwest coast of North America. I…

  • The identification of features of voice quality in social groups

    Open Access•John H Esling, John Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1978•Cited by: 9•References: 4

    Particular voice qualities are often associated in people's minds with particular languages. This is evident in the literature which has been covered and reviewed by Laver (1975: Ch. 2). These qualities have been variously referred to with such terms as 'organic basis or basis of articulation' (Sweet, 1906: 74), 'articulatory setting' (Honikman, 1964), 'a quasi-permanent quality' (Abercrombie, 1967: 91) and 'voluntary long-term muscular settings …

  • Voice Quality Settings and the Teaching of Pronunciation

    John H Esling, Rita Wong et al.•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•1983•Cited by: 8

    Voice quality settings can be used to characterize ESL students' accents and to help non-native speakers of English improve their pronunciation. The concept of voice quality settings is discussed, drawing from the descriptive phonetic methodology of Abercrombie, Laver, Honikman, and Esling. A broad model of the voice quality setting of one variety of English spoken in North America is described, and settings in other languages are identified. Fin…

  • The VoQS System for the Transcription of Voice Quality

    Open Access•Martin J Ball, John H Esling et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1995•Cited by: 7•References: 7

    While the history of interest in voice quality dates back at least as far as Henry Sweet (e.g. 1890), there was for many years little agreement on how to classify voice quality or how to transcribe it as part of a phonetic transcription. Indeed, there is not even agreement on precisely what the term covers in that it is often restricted to aspects of voice quality derived from vocal fold activity, rather than the fuller meaning which encompasses …

  • Nuuchahnulth

    Open Access•Barry F Carlson, John H Esling et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2001•Cited by: 6

    Nuuchahnulth (PHONETICS), often referred to in the literature as Nootka, is a Wakashan language spoken by people living on the west coast of Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada. Each of thirteen Nuuchahnulth bands represents a different dialect group. Nitinaht (Diitiidath) is usually included in the Nuuchahnulth group, but it is divergent enough to be considered a separate language. The data in this illustration represent the Ahousaht (P…

  • Qualité vocale et enseignement de la phonétique comme point de convergence épistémologique

    John H Esling, John Esling et al.•ARTICLE•Langages•2023•Cited by: 4•References: 10

    Quelle est la relation entre la qualité vocale, la pratique de l'enseignement et les sciences de la parole ? Notre réflexion épistémologique examine trois contextes d'enseignement : la phonétique dans un contexte académique, la prononciation en langue seconde (L2) et la phonétique clinique pour les cliniciens. Nous opposons les approches pédagogiques déclaratives-explicites et procédurales-implicites, et nous proposons des contributions innovante…

  • Nuosu Yi

    Open Access•Jerold A Edmondson, John H Esling et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2017•Cited by: 3•References: 6

    The Nuosu (Nosu) Yi language, or Northern Yi (北部彝语), is spoken by approximately two million people in southern Sichuan Province and northern Yunnan Province, China, the majority of whom are monolingual. Yi is a member of the Yi Branch of the Lolo-Burmese subgroup of the Tibeto-Burman family (Benedict 1972/2009, Bradley 1979), which includes some 50 languages, also called the Nisoic languages (Lama 2012) or Ngwi Group. The large (5 million) ethnic…

  • Phonetics and physiology of the historical shift of uvulars to pharyngeals in Nuuchahnulth (Nootka)

    Open Access•Barry F Carlson, John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2003•Cited by: 3

    This paper examines the phonetic typology of pharyngeal sounds and presents external articulatory evidence for the phonological shift from uvular ejectives to pharyngeals in the Nootka dialects of Nuuchahnulth, based on the theory of the function of the aryepiglottic laryngeal sphincter mechanism. The phonetic structure of postvelar sounds is evaluated laryngoscopically in Wakashan and in Salish (cross-linguistically) to explain the historical ph…

  • Laryngographic study of phonation type and laryngeal configuration

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1984•Cited by: 3•References: 5

    This study's objective is to identify the vibratory phase characteristics and corresponding laryngeal configurations of a series of phonation types common in current phonetic usage. The phonation types examined are categorized auditorily following the articulatory framework established by Laver (1968, 1975, 1976, 1980), the general phonetic theory of Abercrombie (1967), and the systematic nomenclature for phonation types provided by Catford (1964…

  • Revisions to the VoQS system for the transcription of voice quality

    Open Access•Martin J Ball, John H Esling et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2018•Cited by: 2•References: 4

    The 'voice quality symbols' (VoQS) transcription system for voice quality was introduced some 20 years ago, and no major revision has been undertaken since then. In this account we describe the first major revision of the VoQS chart, these changes being mostly in the form of additions to the section on phonation types, but include also changes to the layout of the supralaryngeal settings section. These reflect recent developments in the understan…

  • Spokane

    Open Access•Barry F Carlson, John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2000•Cited by: 2•References: 7

    Spokane and Kalispel (NpoqÉ ånišcn, Qalispé), both located in eastern Washington State, and Montana Salish (Flathead), are nearly identical dialects of an Interior Salish language now spoken by only a handful of elders. Grammatical sketches are available for Spokane (Carlson 1972) and Kalispel (Vogt 1940). There is no modern grammar of Montana Salish; Black (1996) uses both Spokane and Montana Salish material in her doctoral dissertation. Thompso…

  • Computer Coding of the IPA: Supplementary Report

    Open Access•John H Esling, John Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1990•Cited by: 2

    An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content

  • The identification of features of voice quality in social groups

    Open Access•John H Esling, John Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1978•Cited by: 9•References: 4

    Particular voice qualities are often associated in people's minds with particular languages. This is evident in the literature which has been covered and reviewed by Laver (1975: Ch. 2). These qualities have been variously referred to with such terms as 'organic basis or basis of articulation' (Sweet, 1906: 74), 'articulatory setting' (Honikman, 1964), 'a quasi-permanent quality' (Abercrombie, 1967: 91) and 'voluntary long-term muscular settings …

  • Voice Quality Settings and the Teaching of Pronunciation

    John H Esling, Rita Wong et al.•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•1983•Cited by: 8

    Voice quality settings can be used to characterize ESL students' accents and to help non-native speakers of English improve their pronunciation. The concept of voice quality settings is discussed, drawing from the descriptive phonetic methodology of Abercrombie, Laver, Honikman, and Esling. A broad model of the voice quality setting of one variety of English spoken in North America is described, and settings in other languages are identified. Fin…

  • Laryngographic study of phonation type and laryngeal configuration

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1984•Cited by: 3•References: 5

    This study's objective is to identify the vibratory phase characteristics and corresponding laryngeal configurations of a series of phonation types common in current phonetic usage. The phonation types examined are categorized auditorily following the articulatory framework established by Laver (1968, 1975, 1976, 1980), the general phonetic theory of Abercrombie (1967), and the systematic nomenclature for phonation types provided by Catford (1964…

  • Computer coding of IPA symbols and 7.3 Detailed phonetic representation of computer data bases

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1988•References: 4

    Several systems have been developed to produce the complete inventory of IPA symbols in computer-coded form. Each has its own detail of coding, with a common core (albeit fairly small) of phonetically or graphemically logical key and ASCII assignments that can be identified across systems. Variation in the assignment of symbols to codes and keystroke locations is the result of different configurations of input device and of output device, and of …

  • Computer Coding of the IPA: Supplementary Report

    Open Access•John H Esling, John Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1990•Cited by: 2

    An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content

  • Computer Codes for Phonetic Symbols

    Open Access•John H Esling, H E Gaylord et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1993•References: 2

    The process of assigning computer codes to phonetic symbols began when the 1989 Kiel Convention of the International Phonetic Association was called to revise the Association's alphabet. The Workgroup on Computer Coding formed at that time had the task of determining how to represent the IPA alphabet numerically, and of developing a set of numbers referring to IPA symbols unambiguously. This involved assembling phoneticians who work with computer…

  • Multicultural Education and Policy: ESL in the 1990s: A Tribute to Mary Ashworth

    Mary Mcgroarty, John H Esling•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•1994

  • Minutes of the General Meeting 1995

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1995

    An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content

  • News of the IPA

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1995

    An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content

  • The VoQS System for the Transcription of Voice Quality

    Open Access•Martin J Ball, John H Esling et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1995•Cited by: 7•References: 7

    While the history of interest in voice quality dates back at least as far as Henry Sweet (e.g. 1890), there was for many years little agreement on how to classify voice quality or how to transcribe it as part of a phonetic transcription. Indeed, there is not even agreement on precisely what the term covers in that it is often restricted to aspects of voice quality derived from vocal fold activity, rather than the fuller meaning which encompasses …

  • Revision of the Membership By-law

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1996

    An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content

  • Pharyngeal consonants and the aryepiglottic sphincter

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1996•Cited by: 11•References: 21

    Recent laryngoscopic observations suggest that renewed discussion of pharyngeal articulations is warranted. The discussion involves issues of place of articulation - the nature of the category "epiglottal" - and of manner of articulation - whether pharyngeal manners of articulation go beyond approximant and fricative to include trill and stop. In essence, the question is still the old one of how those sounds which are labelled auditorily as "phar…

  • Dr. Henry J. Warkentyne

    Open Access•Craig Dickson, John H Esling et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1997

    An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button

  • IPA Council Election 1999

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1997

    An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content

  • Council election, 1999

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•1999

    An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button

  • The IPA Categories “Pharyngeal” and “Epiglottal”: Laryngoscopic Observations of Pharyngeal Articulations and Larynx Height

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Language and Speech•1999•Cited by: 10•References: 21

    The phonetic problem is to describe accurately the articulatory mechanism, or mechanisms, responsible for the production of a series of sounds that are presently labelled on the chart of the International Phonetic Association as either pharyngeal or epiglottal. The sounds on which these categories are based are found in the Semitic languages, in the languages of the Caucasus, and in the languages of the Pacific Northwest coast of North America. I…

  • Spokane

    Open Access•Barry F Carlson, John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2000•Cited by: 2•References: 7

    Spokane and Kalispel (NpoqÉ ånišcn, Qalispé), both located in eastern Washington State, and Montana Salish (Flathead), are nearly identical dialects of an Interior Salish language now spoken by only a handful of elders. Grammatical sketches are available for Spokane (Carlson 1972) and Kalispel (Vogt 1940). There is no modern grammar of Montana Salish; Black (1996) uses both Spokane and Montana Salish material in her doctoral dissertation. Thompso…

  • Nuuchahnulth

    Open Access•Barry F Carlson, John H Esling et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2001•Cited by: 6

    Nuuchahnulth (PHONETICS), often referred to in the literature as Nootka, is a Wakashan language spoken by people living on the west coast of Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada. Each of thirteen Nuuchahnulth bands represents a different dialect group. Nitinaht (Diitiidath) is usually included in the Nuuchahnulth group, but it is divergent enough to be considered a separate language. The data in this illustration represent the Ahousaht (P…

  • Phonetics and physiology of the historical shift of uvulars to pharyngeals in Nuuchahnulth (Nootka)

    Open Access•Barry F Carlson, John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2003•Cited by: 3

    This paper examines the phonetic typology of pharyngeal sounds and presents external articulatory evidence for the phonological shift from uvular ejectives to pharyngeals in the Nootka dialects of Nuuchahnulth, based on the theory of the function of the aryepiglottic laryngeal sphincter mechanism. The phonetic structure of postvelar sounds is evaluated laryngoscopically in Wakashan and in Salish (cross-linguistically) to explain the historical ph…

  • There Are No Back Vowels: The Larygeal Articulator Model

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•The Canadian Journal of…•2005

    As an alternative to the high-low-front-back model of vowel specification, the laryngeal articulator model is proposed, based on a reinterpretation of how the vocal tract functions to produce laryngeal and pharyngeal sounds. Evidence drawn from numerous laryngoscopic studies demonstrates the scope of articulatory behaviours possible in the pharynx. For a broad sample of languages, lingual retraction is shown to accompany laryngeal/pharyngeal gest…

  • Glottal stop, glottalized resonants, and pharyngeals: A reinterpretation with evidence from a laryngoscopic study of Nuuchahnulth (Nootka)

    Open Access•John H Esling, Katie Fraser et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Phonetics•2005•Cited by: 13•References: 19

  • The valves of the throat and their functioning in tone, vocal register and stress: Laryngoscopic case studies

    Open Access•Jerold A Edmondson, John H Esling•ARTICLE•Phonology•2006

    The standard method of describing phonation for tone, vocal register, stress and other linguistic categories relies on the ‘continuum hypothesis’ that linguistic sounds are produced by means of glottal states determined by the aperture between the arytenoid cartilages, the endpoints of the voiceless–voiced continuum being ‘open glottis’ and ‘closed glottis’. This paper takes a different view, pointing out that many languages make use of a number …

  • Th Anniversary of Jipa

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Journal of the International…•2010

    This year, 2010, we celebrate the 40th anniversary of the publication of the Journal of the International Phonetic Association and the 125th anniversary of the publishing of a journal by the Association. From 1886 through 1888, the journal had the title The Phonetic Teacher , rendered variably as Dhi Fonètik Tîtcer (1886–1887), dhə fənetik tîtcər (1887–1888), ðə fonetik tîtcər (1888). From 1889 to 1970, the name of the journal was Le Maître Phoné…

  • Voice Quality

    Open Access•John H Esling•CHAPTER•Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics•2012

    Voice quality refers to the long‐term phonetic characteristics of a person's accent, although the term is also used in a narrower sense for the type of phonation produced in the larynx.

  • The Articulatory Function of the Larynx and the Origins of Speech

    Open Access•John H Esling•ARTICLE•Proceedings of the Annual Meeting…•2012

    The ‘laryngeal articulator,’ consisting of the glottal mechanism, the supraglottic tube, the pharyngeal/epiglottal mechanism, and including three levels of folds: the vocal folds, the ventricular folds, and the aryepiglottic folds, is shown to be responsible for the generation of multiple source vibrations and for the complex modification of the pharyngeal resonating chamber that accounts for a wide range of contrastive auditory qualities. These …

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