David Archard
Biographic Data
| ID | 968424 |
|---|---|
| NAME | David Archard |
| GIVEN NAMES | David |
| FAMILY NAME | Archard |
| SIGNATURE | ARCHARD D |
| AFFILIATIONS | Lancaster University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7059-8907 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 59 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 154 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 57 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 2 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1987 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
The WHO has ratified pandemic agreement: But what will it take to ensure equitable response for future pandemics?
On 20 May 2025, the World Health Organization (WHO) adopted the Pandemic Agreement at the World Health Assembly in Geneva. After nearly three years of negotiations and after failing to adopt it in 2024, this is a decisive step towards more combined efforts to address future pandemics. The final text of the treaty highlights the need for equitable access to pandemic-related health products and aims to improve the ability of international health re…
Mary Warnock and ‘Public Philosophy’
This article responds to the familiar characterisation of Mary Warnock as someone whose major achievements as a public intellectual, such as the Report on human fertilisation and embryology, were at the expense of philosophical rigour and integrity. I explicate her lifelong commitment to practical morality, and her understanding of ethics and of the role of feelings in moral judgments, before analysing her important distinction between the privat…
Involving parents in paediatric clinical ethics committee deliberations: A current controversy
In cases where the best interests of the child are disputed or finely balanced, Clinical Ethics Committees (CECs) can provide a valuable source of advice to clinicians and trusts on the pertinent ethical dimensions. Recent judicial cases have criticised the lack of formalised guidance and inconsistency in the involvement of parents in CEC deliberations. In Manchester University NHS FT v Verden [2022], Arbuthnot J set out important procedural guid…
Clinical ethics support services during the Covid-19 pandemic in the UK: A cross-sectional survey
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for clinical ethics support provision to ensure as far as possible fair decision making and to address healthcare workers' moral distress. PURPOSE: To describe the availability, characteristics and role of clinical ethics support services (CESSs) in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: A descriptive cross-sectional online survey was developed by the research team. The survey included …
Teaching good sex: The limits of consent and the role of the virtues
I offer an account of sexual ethics, and thus of an education in sexual morality, that tries to make some sense of how a view of consent as central to those ethics might be combined with an education in certain virtues. I do so by exploring what some see as the shortcomings of a standard of consent, namely, how it can deal with instances of prima facie bad sex. I consider and reject various attempts to show that consensuality is sufficient for mo…
Challenging misconceptions about clinical ethics support during Covid-19 and beyond: A legal update and future considerations
The pace of change and, indeed, the sheer number of clinical ethics committees (not to be confused with research ethics committees) has accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Committees were formed to support healthcare professionals and to operationalise, interpret and compensate for gaps in national and professional guidance. But as the role of clinical ethics support becomes more prominent and visible, it becomes ever more important to addr…
Philosophical Advice
Philosophers who publish articles that make practical ethical recommendations are thereby offering advice. I consider what obligations they incur in advising. I analyse the giving of advice as a communicative act whose defining and characteristic aim is to secure acceptance of what is advised. Such advice need not be solicited or taken up. I distinguish advice from incitement and threats and specify the scope of the adviser's responsibility for o…
The Child’s Right to a Voice
This article provides a philosophical analysis of a putative right of the child to have their expressed views considered in matters that affect them. Article 12 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989 is an influential and interesting statement of that right. The article shows that the child’s ‘right to a voice’ is complex. Its complexity lies in the problem of contrasting an adult’s normative power of choice with a child…
Family and Family Law
Much contemporary writing on ‘family’ and ’family law’ cites extensive changes to the family as evidence that the very concept of the ‘family’ is redundant, or that the family has disappeared. Conceptual questions (What counts as a family?) should be distinguished from normative ones (Is the family a good thing? Are some families better than others?). The use of the term ‘the family’ can be normatively innocent such that there are different famil…
Parental power, children’s rights, and normative theory
Few political philosophers read the First Treatise of John Locke’s Two treatises of government; fewer still read the critical target of that Treatise, Sir Robert Filmer’s Patriarcha. Locke’s status
Philosophizing About Sex
Journal Article Philosophizing About Sex Get access Philosophizing About Sex.BySchrage B. Laurie J. and Stewart Robert Scott. (Peterborough, ON: Broadview Press, 2015. Pp. x + 284. Price £27.95.) David Archard David Archard Queen's University Belfast, UK E-mail: [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Philosophical Quarterly, Volume 66, Issue 264, July 2016, Pages 629–631, https://doi.org/1…
The ethics of patriotism
Children, Adults, Autonomy and Well-Being
Children's Rights
Any discussion of children's rights must ask whether children do have rights and, if they do, what rights they have. It should at the outset acknowledge the basic distinction between moral and legal or positive rights ( see Rights). The latter are those rights which, as a matter of fact, have been accorded to persons in law or by existing institutional rules; the former are those rights whose ascription to individuals can be morally justified. Cl…
Dirty Hands and the Complicity of the Democratic Public
Reading Onora O'Neill
Onora O'Neill is one of the foremost moral philosophers writing today. Her work on ethics and bioethics, political philosophy and the philosophy of Kant is extremely influential. Her landmark Reith Lectures on trust did much to establish the subject not only on the philosophical and political agenda but in the world of media, business and law more widely. Reading Onora O'Neill. Is the first book to examine and critically appraise the work of this…
Reading Onora O'Neill
The Future of the Family
Much is said about the decline of the family, often in connection with the prevalence of certain social problems. In this article I consider two kinds of fear: (i) that the traditional family is disappearing; (ii) that new forms of family emerging are, in some or other respect, not worthy of the title. In themselves, neither fear, I argue, should give rise to pressing ethical concerns as such. On fear (i): if by ‘traditional family’ we mean one w…
Assisted Dying and Legal Change - Penney Lewis: Book Reviews
Applied moral philosophers might and do address the question whether or not it is morally permissible for doctors to assist their patients to die. They do so by considering whether or not there is a duty to keep alive those whose continued existence is intolerably undignified, painful or distressing, and who, moreover, have repeatedly expressed a clear wish to die. If the question is settled in favour of allowing doctors to assist death in such c…
Procreation and Parenthood
Producing and rearing children are immensely important human activities. This collection offers new and original essays by leading philosophers on some of the main ethical issues raised by these activities.
Procreation and parenthood: The Ethics of Bearing and Rearing Children
Seven essays on some of the main ethical issues raised by producing and rearing children.
The Obligations and Responsibilities of Parenthood
The chapter distinguishes between the parental obligation to ensure that the child has a parent and the responsibilities of acting as a parent. It argues that a causal theory of parental obligation—that those who cause children to exist thereby incur an obligation to ensure that they are adequately cared for—can be defended independently of a theory of parental rights, and has much to commend it. Nevertheless the causal theory must meet the diffi…
Deciding best interests: General principles and the cases of Norway and the UK
This article addresses the difficult matter of interpreting the best interest principle, and offers advice for those who must make laws, and those who make decisions within the constraints of those laws. Our approach rests on an assumption that conclusions about best interest are best reached through a reasoned deliberative process. We suggest that legislators should not write substantive assumptions about what is best for every child into their …
Whose body is it anyway? Justice and the integrity of the person
Messy morality, the challenge of politics
Balancing a Child's Best Interests and a Child's Views
We consider the problem of reconciling the two commitments to hear a child and to promote a child's best interests by identifying the principal issues at stake and illustrating them by reference to legal decision-making in the domains of health in the United Kingdom and custody and child protection in Norway. We agree that a child's views are not authoritative but dispute Harry Brighouse's claim that they are only of consultative value, affirming…
Hearing the child
Given that in our view the child has a fundamental right to be heard in all collective deliberative processes determining his or her future, we set out, firstly, what is required of such processes to respect this right – namely that the child's authentic voice is heard and makes a difference – and, secondly, the distance between this ideal and practice exemplified in the work of child welfare and child protection workers in Norway and the UK, chi…
The Wrong of Rape
If rape is evaluated as a serious wrong, can it also be defined as non-consensual sex (NCS)? Many do not see all instances of NCS as seriously wrongful. I argue that rape is both properly defined as NCS and properly evaluated as a serious wrong. First, I distinguish the hurtfulness of rape from its wrongfulness; secondly, I classify its harms and characterize its essential wrongfulness; thirdly, I criticize a view of rape as merely 'sex minus con…
Myths, Lies and Historical Truth: A Defence of Nationalism
This article examines the charge that nationalism is simply mistaken about the way the world is. It argues that it would be better to talk of national myths which are not myths proper, nor complete falsities, and which bear a complex relation to the truth. They may contain some truth, and give rise to true beliefs. National myths may also be justifiable for serving cognitive and affective purposes. They may be condemned for giving rise to unjusti…
Wrongful Life
I argue that it is wrong deliberately to bring into existence an individual whose life we can reasonably expect will be of very poor quality. The individual's life would on balance be worth living but would nevertheless fall below a certain threshold. Additionally the prospective parents are unable to have any other child who would enjoy a better existence. Against the claims of John Harris and John Robertson I argue that deliberately to conceive…
Should We Teach Patriotism
How Should We Teach Sex
In the face of differences about how sex should be taught to young persons, and consistent with a liberal principle of neutrality, educationalists can adopt one of two strategies. The ‘retreat to basics’ consists in teaching only a basic agreed code of sexual conduct, or a set of agreed principles of sexual morality. The ‘conjunctive–disjunctive’ strategy consists in teaching the facts of sexual activity together with the various possible evaluat…
Negotiating Diversity: Liberalism, Democracy and Cultural Difference
Do parents own their children
Freedom Not to be Free: The Case of the Slavery Contract in J. S. Mill's on Liberty
Journal Article Freedom not to be Free: The case of the Slavery Contract in J. S. Mill's on Liberty Get access David Archard David Archard University of Ulster at Jordanstown Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Philosophical Quarterly, Volume 40, Issue 161, October 1990, Pages 453–465, https://doi.org/10.2307/2220110 Published: 01 October 1990
Teaching good sex: The limits of consent and the role of the virtues
I offer an account of sexual ethics, and thus of an education in sexual morality, that tries to make some sense of how a view of consent as central to those ethics might be combined with an education in certain virtues. I do so by exploring what some see as the shortcomings of a standard of consent, namely, how it can deal with instances of prima facie bad sex. I consider and reject various attempts to show that consensuality is sufficient for mo…
The Child’s Right to a Voice
This article provides a philosophical analysis of a putative right of the child to have their expressed views considered in matters that affect them. Article 12 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989 is an influential and interesting statement of that right. The article shows that the child’s ‘right to a voice’ is complex. Its complexity lies in the problem of contrasting an adult’s normative power of choice with a child…
Deciding best interests: General principles and the cases of Norway and the UK
This article addresses the difficult matter of interpreting the best interest principle, and offers advice for those who must make laws, and those who make decisions within the constraints of those laws. Our approach rests on an assumption that conclusions about best interest are best reached through a reasoned deliberative process. We suggest that legislators should not write substantive assumptions about what is best for every child into their …
The ethics of patriotism
The Future of the Family
Much is said about the decline of the family, often in connection with the prevalence of certain social problems. In this article I consider two kinds of fear: (i) that the traditional family is disappearing; (ii) that new forms of family emerging are, in some or other respect, not worthy of the title. In themselves, neither fear, I argue, should give rise to pressing ethical concerns as such. On fear (i): if by ‘traditional family’ we mean one w…
Whose body is it anyway? Justice and the integrity of the person
From Pluralist to Patriotic Politics, Putting Practice First
Just Rules
British Communitarianism
The Marxist Ethic of Self-realization: Individuality and Community
If, for Marx and Marxists, communism would be the most ideal of human societies, this is because it would make possible the maximum use of human and natural resources to the equal benefit of all. This means that, under communism, human beings would ‘realize themselves’. In direct and pointed contrast to capitalism wherein all individuals lead alienated, stunted, and fragmented lives, communism for Marx would provide the preconditions for a flower…
Freedom Not to be Free: The Case of the Slavery Contract in J. S. Mill's on Liberty
Journal Article Freedom not to be Free: The case of the Slavery Contract in J. S. Mill's on Liberty Get access David Archard David Archard University of Ulster at Jordanstown Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Philosophical Quarterly, Volume 40, Issue 161, October 1990, Pages 453–465, https://doi.org/10.2307/2220110 Published: 01 October 1990
Self-justifying paternalism
Do parents own their children
Political philosophy and the concept of the nation
What's blood got to do with it? The significance of natural parenthood
Inequality Re-examined
Journal Article Book Reviews Get access Inequality Re-examined. By Amartya Sen. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992. Pp. xiv + 207. Price £19.95.) David Archard David Archard University ofUbter at Jordanstown Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Philosophical Quarterly, Volume 45, Issue 181, October 1995, Pages 553–555, https://doi.org/10.2307/2220331 Published: 01 October 1995
Good Sex: Perspectives on Sexual Ethics
Journal Article Book Reviews Get access Good Sex: Perspectives on Sexual Ethics. By Raymond A. Belliotti. ( Univ. Press of Kansas, 1993. Pp. xi + 316. Price not given.) David Archard David Archard University of Ulster at Jordanstown Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Philosophical Quarterly, Volume 45, Issue 180, July 1995, Pages 407–408, https://doi.org/10.2307/2219671 Published: 01 July 1995
The Morality of Pluralism
Journal Article Book Reviews Get access The Morality of Pluralism. By John Kekes. (Princeton UP, 1993. Pp. 227. Price £21.00.) David Archard David Archard University of Ulster atjordanstown Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Philosophical Quarterly, Volume 45, Issue 180, July 1995, Pages 400–403, https://doi.org/10.2307/2219668 Published: 01 July 1995
A Companion to Contemporary Political Philosophy
Journal Article Book Reviews Get access A Companion to Contemporary Political Philosophy. Edited By Robert E. Goodin and Philip Pettit. (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1993. Pp. 679. Price £60.00.) David Archard David Archard University of Ulster at Jordanstown Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Philosophical Quarterly, Volume 45, Issue 178, January 1995, Pages 111–113, https://doi.org/10.2307/2219858 Published…
Myths, Lies and Historical Truth: A Defence of Nationalism
This article examines the charge that nationalism is simply mistaken about the way the world is. It argues that it would be better to talk of national myths which are not myths proper, nor complete falsities, and which bear a complex relation to the truth. They may contain some truth, and give rise to true beliefs. National myths may also be justifiable for serving cognitive and affective purposes. They may be condemned for giving rise to unjusti…
How Should We Teach Sex
In the face of differences about how sex should be taught to young persons, and consistent with a liberal principle of neutrality, educationalists can adopt one of two strategies. The ‘retreat to basics’ consists in teaching only a basic agreed code of sexual conduct, or a set of agreed principles of sexual morality. The ‘conjunctive–disjunctive’ strategy consists in teaching the facts of sexual activity together with the various possible evaluat…
Should We Teach Patriotism
British Communitarianism
Just Rules
Political and Social Philosophy
This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction John Rawls and Robert Nozick on Justice Equality Pluralism and Neutrality Critics of Liberalism: Communitarianism, Feminism, and Analytical Marxism Individuals and Communities Political Philosophy and Politics Conclusion
The Moral and Political Status of Children: New Essays
There is a trend towards taking children seriously as distinct subjects of moral and political theory who have complex and evolving interests. Children are developing beings whose moral status gradually changes. This view is now generally accepted but its implications are variously understood. It is no longer possible to assume a simple harmony between the interests of children and those charged with the responsibility of rearing them. Indeed, th…
Selling Yourself: Titmuss's Argument Against a Market in Blood
Children, Multiculturalism, and Education
There are three possible justifications of the claim cultural communities make for their right to transmit an identity to their children. A group strategy and a parenting strategy are both defective. More promising is the view that there is value to children in the sharing of a familial life. But parental authority is limited by the requirement that children acquire sufficient autonomy. Some multicultural policies are thus not ruled out by the re…
Membership and Justice
In his famous poem “Mending Wall” Robert Frost’s narrator builds, alongside his neighbour, a stone wall that divides their respective lands (Frost 1947: 47-8). The narrator can see this joint activity as no more than a “kind of out-door game” for, “There where it is we do not need the wall” and he wonders, “What I was walling in or walling out, / And to whom I was like to give offence”. His taciturn neighbour can only repeat his own father’s thou…
Wrongful Life
I argue that it is wrong deliberately to bring into existence an individual whose life we can reasonably expect will be of very poor quality. The individual's life would on balance be worth living but would nevertheless fall below a certain threshold. Additionally the prospective parents are unable to have any other child who would enjoy a better existence. Against the claims of John Harris and John Robertson I argue that deliberately to conceive…
Liberalism and the Defence of Political Constructivism
From Pluralist to Patriotic Politics, Putting Practice First
Children: Rights and Childhood
Whether children have rights is a debate that in recent years has spilled over into all areas of public life. It has never been more topical than now as the assumed rights of parents over their children is challenged on an almost daily basis. David Archard offers the first serious and sustained philosophical examination of children and their rights.Archard reviews arguments for and against according children rights. He concludes that every child …
Anthropological and Sociological Perspectives on the Study of Children
Sociology (47 works) · Political science (44 works) · Law (40 works) · Philosophy (30 works) · Epistemology (28 works) · Psychology (24 works) · Law (23 works) · Politics (23 works) · Political Philosophy and Ethics (19 works) · Philosophy (18 works)