Paul Josephson
Biographic Data
| ID | 981529 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Paul Josephson |
| GIVEN NAMES | Paul |
| FAMILY NAME | Josephson |
| SIGNATURE | JOSEPHSON P |
| AFFILIATIONS | Colby College |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 62 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 42 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 62 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1981 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Sovetskii Atomnyi Proekt: Opyt Kadrovogo Obespecheniia, by N.V. Mel’nikova
Loren Raymond Graham
Toward a Global History of the Nuclear Age
The environmental history of the nuclear enterprise has grown increasingly important, not the least because of the strong conviction that an ongoing, and self-proclaimed “renaissance” in nuclear energy must be a major part of world energy scenarios in the battle against global warming and the need to abandon carbon-based energy production. This article suggests a number of ways to take advantage of the recently available primary sources by using …
The History of Birobidzhan: Building A Soviet Jewish Homeland in Siberia
Gennady Estraikh’s book is the first to explore the birth, growth, demise and afterlife of the Birobidzhan Jewish Autonomous Region (JAR). The History of Birobidzhan looks at how the shtetl was widely used in Soviet propaganda as a perfect solution to the ‘Jewish question’, arguing that in reality, while being demographically and culturally insignificant, the JAR played a key, and essentially detrimental, role in determining Jewish rights and ent…
Atoms for Peace in the 1950s: Lessons from the Spread of Nuclear Technology in the Early Cold War
The articles in this special issue shed light on the influence of the Eisenhower administration's “Atoms for Peace” proposal on the civilian nuclear programs of five European countries, including Italy and France, which were member-states of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO); Hungary and Czechoslovakia, which were part of the USSR's Communist bloc; and Spain, which did not become a member of NATO until nearly three decades later. Base…
Women, Reactors, and Nuclear Weapons: From Revolutionary Liberation to the "Miss Atom" Pageant in (Post-)Soviet Russia
This article considers the Soviet Union's successful efforts to employ more women specialists in nuclear science and technology, from the Bolshevik revolution in 1917 and the Soviet atomic bomb project to the Cold War and the present. Despite their contributions to building a Cold War military machine, women rarely reached the pinnacle of the scientific enterprise due to persistent views about their lesser capabilities as specialists. After the c…
Empire-Building and Frontier of Soviet and Post-Soviet Times
The paper deals with the strategies of colonization and assimilation of frontier in Soviet Union and post-Soviet Russia in relation to, Siberia and the Far East. These frontier spaces were disturbing the Soviet leadership for they were both vulnerable for an external invasion and unsupportive of the new socialist order. Thus, countryside of Soviet Russia was also seen as frontier of its own kind. The conquest of frontier and its integration into …
Janet M. HARTLEY, The Volga. A History of Russia’s Greatest River
The longest river in Europe, the Volga, flows 3,500 km through central Russia into the Caspian Sea. In this socio-economic history, Janet Hartley analyzes the development of Russia and the peoples who lived in the Volga basin over one-thousand years, their trade, transport, agricultural and other economic activities, and also the politics and culture of the settlement of the Volga basin. Hartley's book consists of four parts: a shorter introducti…
Eloge: Eduard Izrailevich Kolchinskii (1944-2020)
Bad Call: Technology's Attack on Referees and Umpires and How to Fix It by Harry Collins, Robert Evans, and Christopher Higgins
Reviewed by: Bad Call: Technology's Attack on Referees and Umpires and How to Fix It by Harry Collins, Robert Evans, and Christopher Higgins Paul Josephson (bio) Bad Call: Technology's Attack on Referees and Umpires and How to Fix It. By Harry Collins, Robert Evans, and Christopher Higgins. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016. Pp. 296. Hardcover $26.95. I love to watch sports and still listen on the radio. I grew up in Pittsburgh, the home of the firs…
Stalin's water workers and their heritage: Industrialising nature in Russia, 1950 - present
A surprising degree of continuity between engineering programs exists in the former Soviet Union from the late Stalin period to the present. While engineering organisations and institutions have changed their names, they have maintained a great deal of 'technological momentum' in their pursuit of the 'industrialisation of nature'. Massive nature transformation projects served multiple purposes, not only technical and economic, but social and educ…
Physics moves to the provinces: The Siberian physics community and Soviet power, 1917–1940
The rich tradition of Siberian science and higher education is little known outside Russian academic circles. Using institutional history, this article focuses on the founding and pre-war period of the Siberian Physical Technical Institute, the establishment of its research focus and its first difficult steps to become a leading centre of R & D in Siberia. Based on archival materials, the article describes how local and national physicists justif…
Russia, State Capitalism and Arctic Degradation
The leaders of the USSR actively pursued Arctic exploration, settlement and resource exploitation. Working with scientists, engineers, settlers and local people, and using gulag labourers, they created the most urban Arctic environment in the world that focused on extractive industries – oil, gas, nickel, platinum, coal and others. Owing to a centrally-planned economy, forced settlement and unwavering determination to harness resources, they face…
Kinga Pozniak, Nowa Huta. Generations of Change in a Model Socialist Town
Communist leaders in East Central Europe sought to create socialism in part along the path set in the USSR under Stalin. To one degree or another, they centralized planning, pursued heavy industry, collectivized agriculture, purged untrustworthy officials and intellectuals, and rebuilt scientific, educational, and other institutions. They also rebuilt cities—and built cities anew. One such effort was the creation of mono‐profile industrial center…
Michael G. Smith. Rockets and Revolution: A Cultural History of Early Spaceflight
In Rockets and Revolution:A Cultural History of Early Spaceflight, Michael G. Smith provides an intriguing cultural history of the early space age with a focus on Russia and the Soviet Union. In ten chapters, an introduction, and a conclusion, Smith surveys space history for the first half of the twentieth century. He uses a wide array of primary sources in his analysis: scientific tracts, articles, and other publications, popular science journal…
Voices of the Soviet Space Program: Cosmonauts, Soldiers, and Engineers Who Took the USSR into Space by Slava Gerovitch
Reviewed by: Voices of the Soviet Space Program: Cosmonauts, Soldiers, and Engineers Who Took the USSR into Space by Slava Gerovitch Paul Josephson (bio) Voices of the Soviet Space Program: Cosmonauts, Soldiers, and Engineers Who Took the USSR into Space. By Slava Gerovitch. New York. Palgrave MacMillan. 2014. Pp. 305. $95. Slava Gerovitch, who has worked on the history of manned space exploration for several years, has published a fascinating pr…
Rivers, Memory and Nation-Building: A History of the Volga and Mississippi Rivers by Dorothy Zeisler-Vralsted
Reviewed by: Rivers, Memory and Nation-Building: A History of the Volga and Mississippi Rivers by Dorothy Zeisler-Vralsted Paul Josephson (bio) Rivers, Memory and Nation-Building: A History of the Volga and Mississippi Rivers. By Dorothy Zeisler-Vralsted. New York: Berghahn Books, 2015. Pp. xiii+ 189. $95. In this well-written, thoughtful, and engaging study, Dorothy Zeisler-Vralsted writes about the symbolic, cultural, political, and other meani…
The Conquest of the Russian Arctic
Spanning nine time zones, the Russian Arctic was mostly unexplored before the twentieth century. Paul Josephson describes the massive effort under Stalin to assimilate the Arctic into the Soviet empire--effects still being felt today, as Putin redoubles efforts to secure the Arctic, which he sees as key to Russia's economic and military status
David Moon, The Plough That Broke the Steppe: Agriculture and Environment on Russia’s Grasslands, 1700–1914
Science and Technology in the International Arena
Science and technology (S and T) play a central role in international relations through technology transfer, in treaty negotiation, and in promotion of commerce. This connection between S and T and foreign policy has grown more obvious since the Manhattan Project. Many of the issues that confront policy makers concern S and T, whether fears over the “technological breakthrough” of the adversary, verifiability of treaties, or the use S and T in fo…
Petrostate: Putin, Power, and the New Russia (review)
Reviewed by: Petrostate: Putin, Power, and the New Russia Paul Josephson (bio) Petrostate: Putin, Power, and the New Russia. By Marshall Goldman. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010. Pp. 256. $16.95. In Petrostate Marshall Goldman discusses the high politics of the oil and gas industry in Russia (and the USSR) over the past 100 years. He focuses on the post-Soviet era in five of seven chapters. Goldman, a leading specialist [End Page 855] on …
Technology and the Conquest of the Soviet Arctic
Environmental Histories of the Cold War
Environmental Histories of the Cold War explores the links between the Cold War and the global environment, ranging from the environmental impacts of nuclear weapons to the political repercussions of environmentalism. Environmental change accelerated sharply during the Cold War years, and so did environmentalism as both a popular movement and a scientific preoccupation. Most Cold War history entirely overlooks this rise of environmentalism and th…
Russian Roads and Railroads: Introduction
The Ocean's Hot Dog: The Development of the Fish Stick
The Ocean's Hot Dog:The Development of the Fish Stick Paul Josephson (bio) "Der Mensch ist, was er isst." —Ludwig Feuerbach 1 The fish stick—the bane of schoolchildren who generally consider it an overcooked, bread-encrusted, cardboard-tasting, fish-less effort of lunchrooms and mothers to deceive them into consuming protein—is a postwar invention that came into existence as the confluence of several forces of modernity. These forces included a b…
Atomic-Powered Communism: Nuclear Culture in the Postwar USSR
In 1953, just after Stalin's death, the Soviet state machine tool publishing house released A. A. Kanaev's From the Water Wheel to the Atomic Engine (Ot vodianoi mel'nitsy do atomnogo dvigateli). Like other books and articles published in the popular and scientific press in the USSR in this period, From the Water Wheel to the Atomic Engine explored the political, economic, and cultural significance of an incipient "atomic century" and touted the …
"Projects of the Century" in Soviet History: Large-Scale Technologies from Lenin to Gorbachev
En depit des changements sociaux, politiques et economiques des differents regimes sovietiques de Lenin a Gorbatchev, il a toujours existe une relation etroite entre le pouvoir sovietique et le developpement et l'evolution technologiques
Red Atom: Russia's Nuclear Power Program from Stalin to Today
Stalin's water workers and their heritage: Industrialising nature in Russia, 1950 - present
A surprising degree of continuity between engineering programs exists in the former Soviet Union from the late Stalin period to the present. While engineering organisations and institutions have changed their names, they have maintained a great deal of 'technological momentum' in their pursuit of the 'industrialisation of nature'. Massive nature transformation projects served multiple purposes, not only technical and economic, but social and educ…
The Ocean's Hot Dog: The Development of the Fish Stick
The Ocean's Hot Dog:The Development of the Fish Stick Paul Josephson (bio) "Der Mensch ist, was er isst." —Ludwig Feuerbach 1 The fish stick—the bane of schoolchildren who generally consider it an overcooked, bread-encrusted, cardboard-tasting, fish-less effort of lunchrooms and mothers to deceive them into consuming protein—is a postwar invention that came into existence as the confluence of several forces of modernity. These forces included a b…
Lehrfreiheit, Lernfreiheit, Wertfreiheit: Max Weber and the University Teachers' Congress in Jena 1908
The purpose of this paper is to highlight some of the problems that originally caused Weber to develop his doctrine of a value-free science. For Weber, the question of whether one should assert pra
Science policy in the Soviet Union, 1917?1927
Technology and the Conquest of the Soviet Arctic
Ukraine’s Declining Scientific Research Establishment
Ukraine’s top scientists fear that embracing capitalism will erode their elite status. But resisting reform will push Ukraine to the periphery of world science
Minatom: Dreams of glory
Science, Philosophy and Human Behavior in the Soviet Union
Soviet Historians and the Structure of Scientific Revolutions
Science and Ideology in the Soviet Union: The Transformation of Science into a Direct Productive Force
Empire of Knowledge
Soviet Historians and the Structure of Scientific Revolutions
Trade, Technology, and Soviet-American Relations
Brada Soviet Foreign Policy, Internal Politics, and Trade with the West Bruce Parrott Part II: Case Studies Soviet Assimilation of Western Technology Philip Hanson Western Technology Transfer to the Soviet Automotive Industry George D. Holliday Technology Transfer and the Development of the Soviet Computer Industry S.E. Goodman Technology Transfer in the Soviet Energy Sector Robert W. Campbell Western Technology and the Soviet Defense Industry Ju…
Physics, Stalinist politics of science and cultural revolution
Science policy in the Soviet Union, 1917?1927
Voprosy Istorii Estestvoznaniia i Tekhniki . B. I. Kozlov
Chernobyl and Its Aftermath
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Science, Philosophy and Human Behavior in the Soviet Union
Kapitza in Cambridge and Moscow: Life and Letters of a Russian Physicist . Peter L. Kapitza, J. W. Boag, P. E. Rubinin, D. Shoenberg
Physics and Politics in Revolutionary Russia
Russian Scientific Institutions: Internationalisation, democracy and dispersion
Maksim Cor'kii, Scienceand the Russian Revolution
Alexander A. Friedmann: The Man Who Made the Universe Expand
Forging Revolution: Metalworkers, Managers, and the State in St. Petersburg, 1890-1914
Postwar American Science Policy
"Projects of the Century" in Soviet History: Large-Scale Technologies from Lenin to Gorbachev
En depit des changements sociaux, politiques et economiques des differents regimes sovietiques de Lenin a Gorbatchev, il a toujours existe une relation etroite entre le pouvoir sovietique et le developpement et l'evolution technologiques
Forging Revolution: Metalworkers, Managers, and the State in St. Petersburg, 1890-1914 by Heather Hogan
TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE Book Reviews 701 struggle. The “backwardness” of the Choletais by the early 20th cen tury was therefore not determined by geography or other structural factors. It was instead primarily influenced by the actions of small producers who, in their efforts to preserve their importance within the local economy, also condemned themselves to a future of poverty, marginalization, and uncertainty. Small producers determined their o…
Atomic-Powered Communism: Nuclear Culture in the Postwar USSR
In 1953, just after Stalin's death, the Soviet state machine tool publishing house released A. A. Kanaev's From the Water Wheel to the Atomic Engine (Ot vodianoi mel'nitsy do atomnogo dvigateli). Like other books and articles published in the popular and scientific press in the USSR in this period, From the Water Wheel to the Atomic Engine explored the political, economic, and cultural significance of an incipient "atomic century" and touted the …
Stalinism and Soviet Rail Transport, 1928-1941
Eloge: Viktor Yakovlevich Frenkel, 22 February 1930-8 February 1997
The Deceptive Promise of Reform: Ukrainian Science in Crisis
The Slow Pace of Reform of Fundamental Science in Russia and Ukraine
Russia and Ukraine must reinvigorate university research, re-emphasize the historical tradition of basic science, emphasize quality over connections, and abandon expensive big-science approaches
New Atlantis Revisited: Akademgorodok, The Siberian City of Science
In 1958 construction began on Akademgorodok, a scientific utopian community modeled after Francis Bacon's vision of a "New Atlantis." The city, carved out of a Siberian forest 2,500 miles east of Moscow, was formed by Soviet scientists with Khrushchev's full support. They believed that their rational science, liberated from ideological and economic constraints, would help their country surpass the West in all fields. In a lively history of this c…
Totalitarian Science and Technology
In Totalitarian Science and Technology Paul Josephson considers how physicists, biologists, and engineers have fared in totalitarian regimes. Adolph Hitler and Joseph Stalin relied on scientists and engineers to build the infrastructure of their states. The military power of their regimes was largely based on the discovery of physicists and biologists. They sought to use biology to transform nature, including their citizens, with murderous effect…
Political science (47 works) · Law (35 works) · History (31 works) · Politics (26 works) · Sociology (24 works) · Law (16 works) · Economic history (15 works) · Economics (14 works) · History (14 works) · Philosophy (12 works)