Gregory L Freeze
Biographic Data
| ID | 998629 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Gregory L Freeze |
| GIVEN NAMES | Gregory L |
| FAMILY NAME | Freeze |
| SIGNATURE | FREEZE G L |
| AFFILIATIONS | Brandeis University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1878-5606 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 39 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 46 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 39 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1969 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
The Church, Politics, and Demography in Late Imperial Russia
The bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church, like military and civil servants in late imperial Russia, underwent significant “aging,” with the median age rising substantially as a result of greater life expectancy. In contrast to existing scholarship, which advances a political explanation for staffing in the episcopate (above all, the high rate of turnover and transfers), this study seeks to show that demography and the service structure were the…
Imperial Russia as a Failed State
The purpose of this article is to assess the role of the Orthodox Church during the prelude to the February Revolution. Recent historiography on the Great War in Western scholarship has foregrounded the role of the Churches, Protestant and Catholic, in sustaining popular support for a war that entailed unprecedented death, suffering, and hardship. That new research, seeking to explain the “endurance problem” (Durchhaltsproblem), point to the Chur…
The Churching of Russia
Western scholarship on secularization takes into account “churching” — expansion of the parish base to accommodate population growth and migration. This study examines churching in Imperial Russia, with a focus on two questions: how well (when) did the Orthodox Church expand its parish base, and how did that churching impact the aspirations and activity of parishioners? Perhaps even more than its peers in Europe, the Russian Orthodox Church faced…
The Vatican in World War II
The article examines the historiography of the pontificate of Pope Pius XII, especially the phase that fell during the Second World War. Accusations that the Pope had not publicly condemned the crimes of Fascism and Nazism emerged in Soviet historiography shortly after the war and were faintly echoed by radical historiography in European countries. At the same time, an apologetic trend emerges in historiography. The situation changed dramatically…
Between Tsar and People
“Going to the Intelligentsia”
American Catholic Press
Recent scholarship, reflecting the “religious turn” and research opportunities after the “archival revolution” of 1991, has substantially increased our knowledge of the Roman Catholic Church and other confessions in Soviet Russia. However, most of that research has focused on Soviet religious policy and relies overwhelmingly on documentation from the state, party, and police—a voluminous, but biased source base. Those documents (including the fam…
Entangled History” and the Religious Quotidian in the USSR
The October Revolution brought a systematic disestablishment of institutional religion, and that in turn meant an end to the collection of rich data that had been so systematically collected under the ancien régime. For the ensuing decades of Soviet rule most of the available documentation stems from the party, state, and police organs; this provides a good record on official confessional policy, but sheds little light on religious life of believ…
A new source for Russian Religious History
Soviet antireligious policy not only eradicated religious institutions and their press, but also drastically reduced and distorted the corpus of historical documentation. While the state, party, and police did generate a substantial volume of materials against religious organizations and believers, the disestablishment of organized religion meant that much of the information assembled before 1917 was no longer collected. To help fill this void in…
Konstantin Pobedonostsev
Post-Soviet scholarship has produced a plethora of new studies on Konstantin Pobedonostsev, focusing on his political “conservatism” and its current relevance. This scholarship, however, has marginalized two critical dimensions – the religious (so important to Pobedonostsev) and the transnational (so powerful a force because of post-1870 globalization). This study offers a critique of the new scholarship and draws on archival materials to reasses…
USSR, Russian Catholics and Vatican on the Eve of the II World War
Брандайс Университет Соединенные Штаты Америки
Confessions in the Soviet Era
Confessional scholarship—like the confessions themselves—had a tumultuous experience during the Soviet era. In contrast to burgeoning scholarship on religious history in the West, Soviet historians ignored the religious dimension, at most marginalizing and demonizing religious institutions and believers. Although some Western works sought to fill this gap, the result—quantitatively, not to mention empirically and analytically—could not compensate…
From dechristianization to laicization
The history of twentieth-century Russian Orthodoxy has been written largely in terms of the Church and state, martyr and oppressor, all within the traditional paradigm of ineluctable, ubiquitous secularization. This article shifts the focus from Bolshevik and bishop to believer, framed within the more recent model that emphasizes "believing without belonging". While that new paradigm fits the Russian case, the latter certainly had unique specific…
Cambridge History of Christianity, Vol. V
Journal Article Cambridge History of Christianity, Vol. V: Eastern Christianity Get access Cambridge History of Christianity. Vol. V: Eastern Christianity, ed. Michael Angold (Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 2006; pp. xx + 722. £100). Gregory L. Freeze Gregory L. Freeze Brandeis University, MA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume CXXIV, Issue 506, February 2009, Pages 125–126, h…
Marc Raeff, 1923-2008
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Angela Rustemeyer. Dienstboten in Petersburg und Moskau 1861-1917. Stuttgart
Russia
Subversive Piety
The Russian Archive Series
Counter-reformation in Russian Orthodoxy
In March 1922 (in the very heat of the campaign to confiscate Church valuables), L.D. Trotskii sent a memorandum to the Politburo, arguing that the “proletarian revolution had finally reached the Church.” Indeed it had: over the next few years the Russian Orthodox Church would undergo tremendous convulsions and intense internal conflict. In May 1922, amidst a violent confrontation with the bolshevik state over the seizure of Church valuables, a s…
Final Report of the Joint Task Force on Archives American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies and The American Historical Association 1 April 1995
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Easter in Kishinev
Russkaia dukhovnaia literatura
Church, Nation and State in Russia and Ukraine
Russia's Rulers under the Old Regime
Handmaiden of the State? The Church in Imperial Russia Reconsidered
The history of the Russian Orthodox Church, especially in the modern imperial period (1700–1917), has been a woefully neglected field of scholarly research. That neglect antedates the collapse of the ancien regime in 1917, for pre-revolutionary historiography on the Church was neither abundant nor sophisticated; rarely did it produce more than myopic diocesan histories, fatuous accounts of the local seminary, or hagiographic paeans devoted to som…
From dechristianization to laicization
The history of twentieth-century Russian Orthodoxy has been written largely in terms of the Church and state, martyr and oppressor, all within the traditional paradigm of ineluctable, ubiquitous secularization. This article shifts the focus from Bolshevik and bishop to believer, framed within the more recent model that emphasizes "believing without belonging". While that new paradigm fits the Russian case, the latter certainly had unique specific…
Counter-reformation in Russian Orthodoxy
In March 1922 (in the very heat of the campaign to confiscate Church valuables), L.D. Trotskii sent a memorandum to the Politburo, arguing that the “proletarian revolution had finally reached the Church.” Indeed it had: over the next few years the Russian Orthodox Church would undergo tremendous convulsions and intense internal conflict. In May 1922, amidst a violent confrontation with the bolshevik state over the seizure of Church valuables, a s…
Subversive Piety
Bringing Order to the Russian Family
The Disintegration of Traditional Communities
Social Mobility and the Russian Parish Clergy in the Eighteenth Century
The eighteenth century marked a crucial new period in the history of the Russian Orthodox Church. In Muscovy the church had been an institution of paramount importance: it possessed enormous wealth, exercised considerable influence on the theocratic politics of Muscovy, and held a virtual monopoly over culture and art. During the eighteenth century, however, this awesome power and wealth all but vanished. The secularized state wrought fundamental…
A National Liberation Movement and the Shift in Russian Liberalism, 1901-1903
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The Russian Archive Series
History of Religious Sectarianism in Russia (1860s to 1917)
The Russian Levites
A National Liberation Movement and the Shift in Russian Liberalism, 1901-1903
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Social Mobility and the Russian Parish Clergy in the Eighteenth Century
The eighteenth century marked a crucial new period in the history of the Russian Orthodox Church. In Muscovy the church had been an institution of paramount importance: it possessed enormous wealth, exercised considerable influence on the theocratic politics of Muscovy, and held a virtual monopoly over culture and art. During the eighteenth century, however, this awesome power and wealth all but vanished. The secularized state wrought fundamental…
The Disintegration of Traditional Communities
Oxford Slavonic Papers
The Russian Levites
Kautsky's Russisches Dossier. Deutsche Sozialdemokratie als Treuhander des russischen Parteivermogens, 1910-1915. (Quellen und Studien zur Sozialgeschichte, Bd. 2)
Die Orthodoxe Kirche in Russland
History of Religious Sectarianism in Russia (1860s to 1917)
Metropolitan Platon of Moscow (Petr Levshin 1737-1812)
The Parish Clergy in Nineteenth Century Russia
Handmaiden of the State? The Church in Imperial Russia Reconsidered
The history of the Russian Orthodox Church, especially in the modern imperial period (1700–1917), has been a woefully neglected field of scholarly research. That neglect antedates the collapse of the ancien regime in 1917, for pre-revolutionary historiography on the Church was neither abundant nor sophisticated; rarely did it produce more than myopic diocesan histories, fatuous accounts of the local seminary, or hagiographic paeans devoted to som…
Russian Orthodoxy in Prerevolutionary Historiography
The Orthodox Church and Serfdom in Prereform Russia
It has long been an unchallenged assumption in Russian historiography-prerevolutionary, Soviet, western-that the Orthodox church was an instrument of the state. It is generally held that this subservience, if muted in medieval Muscovy, became overt in the early eighteenth century, when the church reforms of Peter the Great transformed the church into a state bureau and its clergy into ideological policemen. Contemporary accounts by foreigners, in…
Russia's Rulers under the Old Regime
Bringing Order to the Russian Family
Russkaia dukhovnaia literatura
Church, Nation and State in Russia and Ukraine
Counter-reformation in Russian Orthodoxy
In March 1922 (in the very heat of the campaign to confiscate Church valuables), L.D. Trotskii sent a memorandum to the Politburo, arguing that the “proletarian revolution had finally reached the Church.” Indeed it had: over the next few years the Russian Orthodox Church would undergo tremendous convulsions and intense internal conflict. In May 1922, amidst a violent confrontation with the bolshevik state over the seizure of Church valuables, a s…
Final Report of the Joint Task Force on Archives American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies and The American Historical Association 1 April 1995
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Easter in Kishinev
Subversive Piety
The Russian Archive Series
Russia
Angela Rustemeyer. Dienstboten in Petersburg und Moskau 1861-1917. Stuttgart
Cambridge History of Christianity, Vol. V
Journal Article Cambridge History of Christianity, Vol. V: Eastern Christianity Get access Cambridge History of Christianity. Vol. V: Eastern Christianity, ed. Michael Angold (Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 2006; pp. xx + 722. £100). Gregory L. Freeze Gregory L. Freeze Brandeis University, MA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume CXXIV, Issue 506, February 2009, Pages 125–126, h…
Political science (29 works) · History (27 works) · Law (20 works) · History (17 works) · Religion and Society Interactions (16 works) · Philosophy (14 works) · Law (12 works) · Politics (12 works) · Sociology (12 works) · Classics (9 works)