Jean-Benoit Pilet
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1106556 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Jean-Benoit Pilet |
| PRENOMES | Jean-Benoit |
| SOBRENOME | Pilet |
| ASSINATURA | PILET J |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Université Libre de Bruxelles |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5612-0835 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 84 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 713 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 82 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 2 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2004 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 16 |
PRRP identity and sense of understanding for citizens who engage in political violence
This research note extends existing knowledge on anti-pluralism among identifiers of a populist radical right party (PRRP) by investigating their sense of understanding for citizens who engage in two key forms of political violence: threatening and spreading false information about political opponents. Building on methodological advances in political science research, we estimate a series of Bayesian zero-inflated regression models using original…
Beyond the ideal type
Noting widespread disenchantment with representative actors and institutions, a growing field of research has investigated public support for decision-making by alternative actors, such as ordinary citizens and independent experts. However, previous research has mainly focused on ideal-type models of government centred on a single actor, rather than considering that citizens may hold ‘mixed preferences’ for multiple actors. Through a latent profi…
Does (dis)liking the governing parties correlate with democratic (dis)satisfaction
Lodge and Taber claim that likeability heuristics influence political evaluations. We shed new light on this theory by examining whether (dis)liking the governing parties correlates with democratic (dis)satisfaction. We run hierarchical linear models with data from Modules 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems. We show that individuals who like the governing parties are more satisfied with democracy, even when controlling fo…
Citizens’ Views of Decision-Makers’ Roles
This article investigates whether citizens meaningfully distinguish between profiles of politicians—government ministers in particular—based on the paradigms of democracy that the ministers embody. Although previous research shows that sociodemographic characteristics and political beliefs influence voters’ candidate choices, research has paid little attention to whether candidates’ representational paradigms influence voters. Using a con-joint e…
When climate assemblies call for stringent climate mitigation policies
Are citizens’ preferences for who should govern linked to their voting behaviour? The case of Italy
To rule or not to rule? An experimental study of the electoral ramifications of claims to (not) rule with radical right populist parties
In a between-subjects experiment ( n = 3270) conducted in Flanders (the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium), we examine the electoral ramifications of claims by a right-wing mainstream party on their willingness to rule or not with RWPPs (radical right populist parties). Participants were exposed to a social media post by the largest right-wing party (New Flemish Alliance, N-VA) in which it either accepts or rejects ruling with the main RWPP in Fland…
The angry voter? The role of emotions in voting for the radical left and right at the 2019 Belgian elections
This study examines the role of negative (anger, fear) and positive emotions in addition to political attitudes (political trust, populist attitudes, external political efficacy) as key determinants of voting behaviour. We rely on the RepResent voter survey conducted in 2019 in Belgium ( n = 3236) allowing us to assess the relationship between emotions, political attitudes, and the vote for radical right (VB, PP) and radical left parties (PTB-PVD…
Do Politicians Outside the United States Also Think Voters Are More Conservative Than They Really Are? - Corrigendum
Politicians' Theories of Voting Behavior
While political scientists regularly engage in spirited theoretical debates about elections and voting behavior, few have noticed that elected politicians also have theories of elections and voting. Here, we investigate politicians' positions on eight central theoretical debates in the area of elections and voting behavior and compare politicians' theories to those held by ordinary citizens. Using data from face-to-face interviews with nearly one…
Fair Enough? Mini-Public Composition and Outcome Acceptance from the Maxi Public
One hope associated with the spread of deliberative mini-publics in established democracies is that they could increase acceptance of policies because of their inclusive and diverse composition. Yet, participants are not representative of the broader public in all characteristics. They tend to be more engaged with politics or debated policy issues than the average population. Building on a Climate Citizens’ Assembly commissioned by the Luxembourg…
The Preferred Governing Actors of Populist Supporters
Populist parties have been shown to attract many voters disillusioned with representative democracies. And some of these parties do indeed propose models of government that challenge contemporary democratic systems. However, we do not know exactly what the democratic preferences of populist party supporters are. We propose to fill this gap by investigating the types of actors that citizens who are more sympathetic to populist parties would like t…
Beyond parliamentarism
Exploring the Causes of Technocratic Minister Appointments in Europe
In the last decade, the appointment of technocratic ministers has become more common than ever before in Europe. Yet, scholarly attention has mostly focused on the economic determinants that lead to the appointment of such political outsiders in governments. In contrast, political determinants have not been fully examined. This article aims to investigate the role of economic determinants, as well as institutional factors (e.g. electoral system),…
Who do Europeans want to govern? Exploring the multiple dimensions of citizens’ preferences for political actors in nine European countries
Many studies have tried to identify citizens’ views about which actors should govern and how. These studies have mostly looked at support for citizens or independent experts being given a greater role. Recently, Hibbing, Theiss-Morse, Hibbing and Fortunato have proposed a new battery of 21 survey items capturing the dimensions along which citizens’ preferences for who should govern are organized. Testing their survey instrument among US responden…
Big ideas, little detail
The idea of increasing the power of the ‘pure people’ at the expense of a ‘corrupt elite’ lies at the core of populism. One way for populist parties to do this is to push for a greater use of referendums. Previous research shows that populist parties mention in general in their communications the referendums as suitable avenues for the direct involvement of the people in the decision-making process. However, we miss details about how they refer t…
Contagion From Abroad. How Party Entry in Western Europe is Influenced by Party Family Members Abroad, 1961–2016
New parties are a key mechanism behind party system innovation as voters are offered new choices. To explain party entry (i.e. participation in a lower house election for the first time), the state-of-the-art has typically focused on domestic determinants. This, however, assumes that party entry takes place in an international vacuum. Building on the policy diffusion literature, we explore how party family members abroad influence party entry in …
It’s not only about the leader
Research on the electoral personalization of politics has stressed a trend towards a greater role of top prominent political figures (party leaders and ministers). This trend was described as centralized electoral personalization. Yet, this trend is merely one side of a more complex story. No leader attracts all voters’ support, and other candidates manage to stand out despite lower resources and visibility. Using a unique dataset of 47,239 actua…
Support for Deliberative mini-Publics among the Losers of Representative Democracy
The literature on deliberative mini-publics (DMPs) establishes a link between political dissatisfaction and support for DMPs. However, little is known about the sources of political dissatisfaction that trigger this support. Our research tackles this specific question and claims that citizen dissatisfaction is rooted in a position of ‘losers of representative democracy’, which leads citizens to be more open to reforms that move away from the repr…
Populism and alternative models to representative democracy
This introduction to the special issue provides an overview of the state of the art in the study of populism and democracy. It outlines the current debates and identifies several questions that remain unexplored or underexplored. It elaborates on how the different articles in this special issue address these gaps in the literature in order to advance and consolidate our knowledge about the relationship between populism and alternatives to represe…
Do Politicians Outside the United States Also Think Voters Are More Conservative than They Really Are
In an influential recent study, Broockman and Skovron (2018) found that American politicians consistently overestimate the conservativeness of their constituents on a host of issues. Whether this conservative bias in politicians' perceptions of public opinion is a uniquely American phenomenon is an open question with broad implications for the quality and nature of democratic representation. We investigate it in four democracies: Belgium, Canada,…
Studying dimensions of representation
This research note presents the RepResent Belgian Panel (RBP). The RBP is a voter panel survey consisting of four waves fielded to a sample of voters in Belgium around the May 2019 federal, regional, and European elections in Belgium. It provides unique data on about 250 variables for a quota sample of the same respondents, pre-2019 elections ( N = 7351), post-2019 elections ( N = 3909), one year after the elections ( N = 1996), and 2 years after…
Technocracy above partisanship? Comparing the appeal of non-partisan and partisan experts as ministers – A survey in 14 countries
The literature on technocracy has shown that expertise is a crucial factor in driving support for technocrats. However, the literature has not investigated yet what happens when technocrats are opposed to partisan experts. In this article, we want to fill this gap by analysing the support for two potential ministers of health with relevant expertise for their portfolio but with a different relationship to partisan politics. For this purpose, we r…
Candidate visibility, voter knowledge, and the incumbency advantage in preferential-list PR
Our knowledge about how voters decide which candidate(s) to vote for under preferential-list proportional representation (PLPR) systems remains limited. In particular, it is debated whether incumbent MPs enjoy an electoral advantage over outsiders also under PLPR. We argue that such an incumbency advantage critically depends on candidate visibility (in the media) and differs across voters with varying levels of political knowledge. Our empirical …
Choosing an electoral rule
We study the choice of multi-person bargaining protocols in the context of politics. In politics, citizens are increasingly involved in the design of democratic rules, for instance via referendums. If they support the rule that best serves their self-interest, the outcome inevitably advantages the largest group. In this paper, we challenge this pessimistic view with an original lab experiment, in which 252 subjects participated. In the first stag…
Inaccurate Politicians
Knowledge of what voters prefer is central to several theories of democratic representation and accountability. Despite this, we know little in a comparative sense of how well politicians know citizens’ policy preferences. We present results from a study of 866 politicians in four countries. Politicians were asked to estimate the percentage of public support for various policy proposals. Comparing more than 10,000 estimations with actual levels o…
Who Supports Citizens Selected by Lot to be the Main Policymakers? A Study of French Citizens
Despite their multiplication over the last 15 years, studies on the support for assemblies composed of citizens selected by lot are rare and the few that exist analyse citizens’ attitudes towards such mini-publics as consultative bodies associated with traditional representative institutions. In this article, we examine support for citizens selected by lot as new policymakers who take the most important political decisions instead of political re…
The Gap between Public Preferences and Policies on Immigration
The existence of a gap between public preferences for more restrictive immigration policies and relatively expansive immigration policy in Western democracies has received considerable attention. Sometimes, this gap has been explained by the nature of immigration policies: dominated by elites while the public remained uninterested. In many countries, however, immigration has gained considerable salience among the public. There are competing expec…
Public support for deliberative citizens' assemblies selected through sortition
As representative democracy is increasingly criticized, a new institution is becoming popular among academics and practitioners: deliberative citizens’ assemblies. To evaluate whether these assemblies can deliver their promise of re‐engaging the dissatisfied with representative politics, we explore who supports them and why. We build on a unique survey conducted with representative samples of 15 Western European countries and find, first, that th…
Ballot Structure, District Magnitude and Constituency-Orientation of MPS in Proportional Representation and Majority Electoral Systems
Many studies have been devoted to the way electoral institutions shape the representative process in general, and of the relation between legislators and their local constituency. Yet, the majority of these have been hardly comparative. And when they compared countries, these countries rarely differed in many aspects of the electoral system. This article takes a different perspective by looking at the effect of the electoral formula, district mag…
Enraged, Engaged, or Both? A Study of the Determinants of Support for Consultative vs. Binding Mini-Publics
This article investigates the determinants of public support for consultative and binding mini-publics at the local level in Belgium. The study demonstrates that while enraged (politically dissatisfied) and engaged (politically efficacious) citizens are more supportive of both forms of deliberative mini-publics, citizens who are at once enraged and engaged are more likely to support more radical reforms of representative democracy, including bind…
Do populist parties support referendums? A comparative analysis of election manifestos in Europe
Do Politicians Outside the United States Also Think Voters Are More Conservative than They Really Are
In an influential recent study, Broockman and Skovron (2018) found that American politicians consistently overestimate the conservativeness of their constituents on a host of issues. Whether this conservative bias in politicians' perceptions of public opinion is a uniquely American phenomenon is an open question with broad implications for the quality and nature of democratic representation. We investigate it in four democracies: Belgium, Canada,…
Projection in Politicians' Perceptions of Public Opinion
Research has shown that politicians' perceptions of public opinion are subject to social projection. When estimating the opinions of voters on a broad range of issues, politicians tend to assume that their own preferences are shared by voters. This article revisits this finding and adds to the literature in three ways. First, it makes a conceptual contribution by bringing together different approaches to the analysis of projection and its consequ…
Party Preferences and Electoral Reform
Most of the literature asserts that political parties rationally define their preference for electoral reform with respect to their possible gains and the balance of power between and within parties. Other scholars moderate this rationality, underlining the role of the uncertainty inherent to any change in the electoral system. This article shows how risk and expected gains interact. Through an analysis of the preferences of 84 parties in 13 diff…
Regionalist parties in Belgium (VU, RW, FDF)
This paper tackles the question of regionalist parties, a quite underdeveloped aspect of the literature, even if the phenomenon is of increasing importance in European democracies. In that sense, Belgian regionalist parties (VU, FDF and RW) are an interesting case study. They recorded significant success in the 1960s–1970s. Yet, three decades later, they disappeared or declined severely. This paper shows how this ‘Icarus’ fate' is explained by th…
Centralized or decentralized personalization? Measuring intra-party competition in open and flexible list PR systems
This article offers a comparative analysis of electoral intra-party competition in four countries – Belgium, the Czech Republic, Finland and Luxembourg – based on an original data set of 79,621 candidates and 3150 party lists covering the last quarter century (1994–2017). We use two measures to describe the nature of intra-party competition over time, across countries and across party lists: a Gini coefficient and a measure of the effective numbe…
Support for Deliberative mini-Publics among the Losers of Representative Democracy
The literature on deliberative mini-publics (DMPs) establishes a link between political dissatisfaction and support for DMPs. However, little is known about the sources of political dissatisfaction that trigger this support. Our research tackles this specific question and claims that citizen dissatisfaction is rooted in a position of ‘losers of representative democracy’, which leads citizens to be more open to reforms that move away from the repr…
Hard times for governing parties
On 26 May 2019, European, federal and regional elections in Belgium wereheld. The main electoral results showed the decline of ruling parties (N-VA,MR, Open VLD, CD&V) and the rise of radical parties on the right (VlaamsBelang) and left (PVDA-PTB). These results have opened a period of deepgovernment instability with very long negotiations to form coalitions at theregional level, and even more so at the federal level. It eventually took theCOVID-…
Populist Attitudes and Direct Democracy
Earlier research links citizens’ populist attitudes with the support for referendums. However, the foundations and meaning of this relationship remain unclear. This research note proposes a theoretical, conceptual and methodological discussion that identifies three main problems: studies linking populist attitudes with support for referendums have a rather narrow theoretical framing limited to populist studies, there is much ambiguity surrounding…
Strategies Under the Surface
The Politicize Dataset
This note introduces the POLITICIZE dataset which contains information on the characteristics of 105 Deliberative Mini-Publics (DMPs) that took place in Europe between 2000 and 2020. Based on coding of experts regarding cases of real-life deliberative experiments in 18 different European countries, the dataset describes the core features of DMPs in Europe. It comprises information on three crucial dimensions: their composition (who deliberates?),…
Who do Europeans want to govern? Exploring the multiple dimensions of citizens’ preferences for political actors in nine European countries
Many studies have tried to identify citizens’ views about which actors should govern and how. These studies have mostly looked at support for citizens or independent experts being given a greater role. Recently, Hibbing, Theiss-Morse, Hibbing and Fortunato have proposed a new battery of 21 survey items capturing the dimensions along which citizens’ preferences for who should govern are organized. Testing their survey instrument among US responden…
Do technocrats boost the acceptance of policy proposals among the citizenry? Evidence from a survey experiment in Italy
Big ideas, little detail
The idea of increasing the power of the ‘pure people’ at the expense of a ‘corrupt elite’ lies at the core of populism. One way for populist parties to do this is to push for a greater use of referendums. Previous research shows that populist parties mention in general in their communications the referendums as suitable avenues for the direct involvement of the people in the decision-making process. However, we miss details about how they refer t…
The international diffusion of electoral systems
There is an assumption in much of the electoral engineering literature that domestic episodes of electoral system choice occur in a vacuum, isolated from international influences. Yet this assumption remains largely untested, despite the comparative focus of much of that literature. This article focuses on part of this gap by considering two electoral mechanisms that seek to limit party system fragmentation under proportional representation – low…
The angry voter? The role of emotions in voting for the radical left and right at the 2019 Belgian elections
This study examines the role of negative (anger, fear) and positive emotions in addition to political attitudes (political trust, populist attitudes, external political efficacy) as key determinants of voting behaviour. We rely on the RepResent voter survey conducted in 2019 in Belgium ( n = 3236) allowing us to assess the relationship between emotions, political attitudes, and the vote for radical right (VB, PP) and radical left parties (PTB-PVD…
Which political outsiders do Europeans prefer as ministers
Previous research suggests that Europeans want more experts in government, but which experts do they want and why? Using survey data collected in 15 European countries, this study compared citizens’ preferences for high-ranking civil servants, university professors, and business executives over traditional political actors (MPs and former ministers) as ministers in government. Overall, university professors were rated more positively than MPs or …
Exploring the Causes of Technocratic Minister Appointments in Europe
In the last decade, the appointment of technocratic ministers has become more common than ever before in Europe. Yet, scholarly attention has mostly focused on the economic determinants that lead to the appointment of such political outsiders in governments. In contrast, political determinants have not been fully examined. This article aims to investigate the role of economic determinants, as well as institutional factors (e.g. electoral system),…
Voting and satisfaction with democracy in flexible-list PR
A vast literature shows that voting for the winning party in elections boosts satisfaction with democracy. But in many list PR systems, voters do not only vote for a party, they can also vote for candidates within parties. Yet, we know very little about how such votes affect voters' satisfaction with democracy. In this paper, we analyse pre- and post-election panel survey data from Belgium, in which we asked respondents to report their vote choic…
The Belgian federal elections, 18 May 2003
The adaptation of the electoral system to the ethno-linguistic evolution of Belgian consociationalism
Complying with the idea that institutions could be used “to manage conflict democratically in divided societies” (Belmont et al., 2002 Belmont, K., Mainwaring, S. and Reynolds, A. 2002. “Institutional design, conflict management, and democracy”. In The Architecture of Democracy: Institutional Design, Conflict Management, and Democracy, Edited by: Reynolds, A. 1–11. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar], p. 3), the Belgian state has re…
L'européanisation de la représentation communautaire
Dans un contexte d’intégration européenne croissante, il convient de s’interroger sur la manière dont réagissent les partis politiques à cette européanisation. Plus particulièrement, il est pertinent d’analyser ce qui est européanisé et dans quelle mesure. A cette fin, nous nous sommes penchés sur la façon dont les évolutions de l’intégration européenne se reflètent dans les manifestes électoraux des partis belges francophones des prémisses de l’…
Regional and European Election in Belgium
info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Electronic Voting in Belgium
Computer voting was introduced in Belgium in 1994. Paradoxically, no action had been taken to ascertain the opinion of electors confronted with this original method of voting. This article verifies the social and empirical dimensions of legitimacy of this new method through several empirical indicators used in a survey conducted on the occasion of the federal elections of 18 May 2003: (a) how easy/difficult it was for electors to vote on a comput…
Regionalist parties in Belgium (VU, RW, FDF)
This paper tackles the question of regionalist parties, a quite underdeveloped aspect of the literature, even if the phenomenon is of increasing importance in European democracies. In that sense, Belgian regionalist parties (VU, FDF and RW) are an interesting case study. They recorded significant success in the 1960s–1970s. Yet, three decades later, they disappeared or declined severely. This paper shows how this ‘Icarus’ fate' is explained by th…
Strategies Under the Surface
Les nouveaux souffles dans l’analyse des systèmes électoraux
CRITIQUESLes nouveaux souffles dans l'analyse des systmes lectoraux L'tude des systmes lectoraux fait partie des champs anciens de la science politique.Ds l'mergence d'une science politique moderne au lendemain du second conflit mondial, la classification des modes de scrutin, l'analyse de leurs effets sur les comportements des lecteurs, des partis et des candidats, ainsi que leur impact sur la structuration du systme politique ont constitu un ex…
Lectures critiques
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The Future Is Imagination, the Present Is Reality
To most, electoral reforms are motivated by the self-interest of parties. They compare the outcome of several electoral rules and choose the one that maximises their share of seats. The problem with this ‘seat-maximising’ or ‘office-seeking’ model is that it does not explain why electoral reforms are rare. In most countries, status quo is the favoured option for parties. If parties were simply guided by the hope of gaining extra seats, we would e…
Les derniers écueils vers la parité politique en Belgique
La Belgique impose depuis les années 2000 la parité femmes‐hommes sur les listes de candidats pour les élections aux différents niveaux de pouvoir (local, régional, fédéral et européen). Cette obligation a accru la féminisation des assemblées pour atteindre entre un quart et un tiers d'élues. Le progrès est donc réel mais la stricte parité reste éloignée. Cet article s'interroge sur les raisons de ce « plafond de verre ». Elles sont à chercher da…
The federal elections in Belgium, June 2007
One Country, Two Party Systems? The 2009 Belgian Regional Elections
SCOPUS: ar.j
The Oxford handbook of local and regional democracy in Europe
'The Oxford Handbook of Local and Regional Democracy in Europe' is an up-to-date and comprehensive analysis of subnational democracy in Europe. It analyses subnational democracy in the 27 member states of the EU plus Norway and Switzerland.
Executive–Legislative Relations Without a Government
Traditionally, it is assumed that the executive strongly controls Parliament within the Belgian political system. The absence of a federal government following the 2010 elections had three consequences on the activity of the Belgian Parliament. Some actions were put on hold, and essential reforms were delayed. On other issues, however, Members of Parliament took the lead, developing ad hoc majorities that cut across earlier cleavages between majo…
Party Preferences and Electoral Reform
Most of the literature asserts that political parties rationally define their preference for electoral reform with respect to their possible gains and the balance of power between and within parties. Other scholars moderate this rationality, underlining the role of the uncertainty inherent to any change in the electoral system. This article shows how risk and expected gains interact. Through an analysis of the preferences of 84 parties in 13 diff…
It's Not Only About Lists
This article analyses the decision of Belgian voters to cast a preference vote on the occasion of the 2009 regional elections. And what appears is that preference votes could be given three meanings. First, preference voting appears to be a sophisticated voting behaviour more accessible to politically interested and involved voters. Less politically active voters more often limit themselves to marking their ballot on the top of the list without d…
Political Representation in Belgium, France and Portugal
Premières lignes : Introduction In many contemporary democracies, how the political system works is questioned. Citizens are showing growing dissatisfaction in their institutions, and trust in their representatives and in political parties is declining (Dalton 2004). The recent financial and economic crisis has even led to some political scientists to wonder whether our system of government is still able to maintain the link with citizens (Mair 2…
Ballot Structure, District Magnitude and Constituency-Orientation of MPS in Proportional Representation and Majority Electoral Systems
Many studies have been devoted to the way electoral institutions shape the representative process in general, and of the relation between legislators and their local constituency. Yet, the majority of these have been hardly comparative. And when they compared countries, these countries rarely differed in many aspects of the electoral system. This article takes a different perspective by looking at the effect of the electoral formula, district mag…
The Selection of Political Party Leaders in Contemporary Parliamentary Democracies
Party leaders in Germany are important political figures who preside over complex, multi-layered organisations. Parties are crucial players in running elections, organising parliaments and recruiting government personnel; their central role in the democratic process is constitutionally recognised in the German Basic Law. Yet, parties are also decisive in making cooperative federalism work. The German federal system is characterised by a strong de…
To vote or to abstain? An experimental test of rational calculus in first past the post and PR elections
The Politics of Party Leadership
This book provides a thematically organized examination of political party leadership selection. There is widespread agreement that political party leaders are increasingly important in election campaigns, governing and internal party decision making. Making use of a unique data set that includes more than 1000 leadership elections from over 100 parties in 14 countries over an almost 50 year period, this book provides a comparative examination of…
The international diffusion of electoral systems
There is an assumption in much of the electoral engineering literature that domestic episodes of electoral system choice occur in a vacuum, isolated from international influences. Yet this assumption remains largely untested, despite the comparative focus of much of that literature. This article focuses on part of this gap by considering two electoral mechanisms that seek to limit party system fragmentation under proportional representation – low…
The Gap between Public Preferences and Policies on Immigration
The existence of a gap between public preferences for more restrictive immigration policies and relatively expansive immigration policy in Western democracies has received considerable attention. Sometimes, this gap has been explained by the nature of immigration policies: dominated by elites while the public remained uninterested. In many countries, however, immigration has gained considerable salience among the public. There are competing expec…
Faces on the Ballot
The authors propose a volume which will explore the reasons for, and consequences of, the increasing personalisation of electoral systems.
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