Michael Byram
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1206381 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Michael Byram |
| PRENOMES | Michael |
| SOBRENOME | Byram |
| ASSINATURA | BYRAM M |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Durham University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1116-2366 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 52 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 293 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 49 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 3 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1981 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Citizenship Education
Citizenship education, whether under this label or under some other, such as “civics,”“education civique” or “politische Bildung,” has a long history; the field is also attracting increasing contemporary interest and, therefore, a source of growing academic literature. The recent appearance of a Handbook of Education for Citizenship and Democracy might indicate that there is a settled body of knowledge to which the book provides guidance, but the…
Contextualizing Teaching Professional Practice
This study validates Danielson Framework for Teaching (DFfT) instruments’ structure, dependability, and contextual appropriateness within the multicultural, standards-driven education system of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in accordance with Vision 2021 and national teacher competency frameworks. Quantitative data were collected from 629 UAE schoolteachers through administering a questionnaire-based survey. Principal Component Analysis and Conf…
Challenges of teaching intercultural competence and values
Intercultural competence is frequently associated with the ability to question and evaluate one’s own perspectives and values. This may include a challenge to the values acquired through socialisation. Starting from an experience of teaching intercultural communicative competence in an Algerian university, we examine the values to be found in education in Algeria and compare them with an approach to intercultural competence in Europe. We discuss …
Ethical Challenges in Intercultural Citizenship Education with ‘Difficult Topics’ in the World Language Classroom and Beyond
The purpose of this article is to examine the ethical challenges that arise in the world language classroom and beyond from using intercultural citizenship pedagogy. Intercultural citizenship is, in general, seen as a recent and positive development in intercultural language education for helping students engage with topics of social significance in the classroom. However, there are ethical challenges involved, for instance, related to the politi…
Ethical issues in foreign/world language teaching – the example of teaching for intercultural citizenship
In this article, we discuss some ethical issues arising from teaching foreign or world languages for intercultural citizenship. From this perspective, language education engages students in critical investigations of social issues and in the application of linguistic, communicative and intercultural skills beyond the classroom to address such issues in the society. After introducing intercultural citizenship, we illustrate some ethical issues for…
The globalization of English and the Turkic-speaking countries of the Former Soviet Union
Article The globalization of English and the Turkic-speaking countries of the Former Soviet Union: attitudes, policy and implementation was published on July 1, 2025 in the journal International Journal of the Sociology of Language (volume 2025, issue 294)
Why not learn with children? A model of intercultural and intergenerational learning through Mandarin as a second language in higher education
Comparing and contrasting approaches to education for transition and transformation
A comparative analysis of two approaches to education in two academic literatures in two languages is the basis for discussion of how education systems should respond to contemporary transitions in the world in an Anthropocene age. The first approach is based on francophone literature and argues for an ‘individual pedagogical education’ in contrast to the ‘social normative education’ which dominates mainstream education in France. The second angl…
Beyond Teaching Languages for Communication-Humanistic Perspectives and Practices
Our purpose is to trace and explain theoretical and practical developments in foreign/world language teaching over the last decade or more. Language teaching in its modern form, from the Reform Movement of the late 19th century, has focused upon the need for learners to learn or acquire a foreign language in order to use it for communication. Other purposes involve language learning as an intellectual exercise, the development of a language facul…
Locus of enunciation
Recent articles on the problems of ‘locus of enunciation’ have focused on research and publication as well as on theoretical development of the concept. It is an issue in teaching and learning too, and this is the focus of this article which argues that to reject teaching approaches in ‘the South’ because they come from ‘the North’ is, first, counter to the principles of academic freedom upheld as much in the South as the North, second, prevents …
Stanley Leathes and his influence on ‘The Leathes Report’
Described as the magna carta of language teaching, the ‘Report of the Committee appointed by the Prime Minister to enquire into the Position of Modern Languages in the Educational System of Great Britain (28 August 1916)’ is known as ‘the Leathes Report’ after the committee’s chairman, Stanley Leathes, the First Commissioner of the British civil service. Leathes was not just a civil servant but also an author on education matters, including langu…
Teaching and Assessing Intercultural Communicative Competence
"This revised edition of Michael Byram's classic 1997 book updates the text in light of both recent research and critiques and commentaries on the 1st edition. The book is an invaluable guide for teachers and curriculum developers, taking them from a definition of Intercultural Communicative Competence through planning for teaching to assessment." (Verlagsinformation)
Ethical Issues in Teaching for Intercultural Citizenship in World/Foreign Language Education
Prologue -'Green Kidz'It is the end of year fair at a primary school in Argentina and 5 th and 6 th graders are distributing leaflets they have created in their English lessons.The message on one of the posters, written in English, Spanish and Danish, is: 'Sorting waste is taking care of the environment.We help you, will you help us?'As guests arrive at the school, they see a banner hung across the street with this same message in Spanish.Childre…
Nationalism and internationalism in education in Europe in the 1920s through the eyes of an American observer
This article addresses the ways in which education systems responded to the aftermath of World War I with respect to education for nationalism and internationalism. It does so by drawing on theories of internationalism and through an analysis of the writings of Daniel Prescott, an American scholar who toured European schools in the middle of the 1920s. Influenced by his experience of frontline warfare as a volunteer driver in France in 1917, Pres…
Teaching intercultural citizenship through intercultural service learning in world language education
Globalization and internationalization have created a need for dialog among people of different persuasions in our own societies and beyond. Language teachers can meet this challenge through the concepts of intercultural citizenship and intercultural service learning, renewing emphasis on educational and humanistic aims as well as instrumental. Students in an advanced Spanish course volunteered in a school and a legal center, interacting one‐on‐o…
Are researchers in Europe European researchers? A study of doctoral researchers at the University of Luxembourg
How doctoral researchers (and their supervisors) experience and conceptualise the process of becoming a researcher and the identifications that are enacted during the process has hitherto been researched only in terms of disciplinary and professional identities. Yet, within Europe, the creation of a common Higher Education Area has a potential impact on the doctoral experience and there is a declared intention to encourage doctoral students to se…
Intercultural Competence
The strong interest in intercultural competence—and related concepts such as transcultural competence—reflects the response to economic and other global changes which have, in many countries, increased mobility motivated by trade and, increasingly, by study abroad. Intercultural competence facilitates success in these endeavors, and is best defined according to what individuals need in specific contexts. Models, which describe aspects of the comp…
Internationalisation in higher education –an internationalist perspective
Purpose This paper aims to argue for the significance of internationalism for the internationalisation of higher education. It analyses some conceptualisations and definitions of internationalisation before explaining the concept of internationalism, and variations of it, to demonstrate that internationalism has a moral dimension which could, and the author argues, provide a normative value base for the processes of internationalisation. Design/m…
The current influence of the Cefr in secondary education
The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) began to have an influence on language teaching some 20 years ago. However, in spite of the title referring to learning, teaching and assessment of languages, the CEFR has had a far more pronounced impact on language testing than on any other aspect of language learning/teaching. In contrast, this article focuses on the impact of the CEFR on teachers by analysing the beliefs about an…
Making a difference
Language teaching has long been associated with teaching in a country or countries where a target language is spoken, but this approach is inadequate. In the contemporary world, language teaching has a responsibility to prepare learners for interaction with people of other cultural backgrounds, teaching them skills and attitudes as well as knowledge. This article presents the main concepts involved in this view of language teaching: the notion of…
Student mobility and internationalisation in higher education
Internationalisation is high on the agenda of higher education institutions across the world. Previous research on national and local policies surrounding this phenomenon has identified different discourses of internationalisation which may have an effect on practices such as student mobility. In order to understand better the role of student mobility in practice, the article analyses responses to an inquiry about internationalisation to a group …
A curriculum for action in the community and intercultural citizenship in higher education
The purpose of the project described here is to demonstrate how the introduction of subject matter and principles from citizenship education into foreign language education combines objectives from both in order to give meaning to language education on the one hand and extend citizenship education beyond a focus on the local and the national on the other. In doing so, the educational aims of foreign language teaching - as well as its instrumental…
Twenty-five years on – from cultural studies to intercultural citizenship
At the editor's invitation this article was written as an analysis of the development of the intercultural dimension of foreign language teaching over the last 25 years. It is in part a personal reflection based on an article written for this journal 25 years ago, but it also draws on comments and insights from a network of researchers with whom the author has worked over much of the period in question.Four areas are selected for comment: ‘the va…
Intercultural Competence
“Intercultural competence” has become a sufficiently established phrase to justify the publication of a handbook (Deardorff, 2009). “Intercultural” as a term in language teaching emerged in the 1980s as a development of the concept of “communicative competence,” which was by then widely agreed to be the aim of foreign‐language teaching and learning (Byram, 1997, p. 3).
Re-Shaping Education for Citizenship
Context and Culture in Language Teaching and Learning
The forces of globalisation and internationalisation influence the role and significance of language teaching and learning in classrooms. This affects the ways in which English is taught and learnt. This book explores the ways in which the contexts in which language teaching takes place impact on the aims and the methods of language teaching.
Making a difference
Language teaching has long been associated with teaching in a country or countries where a target language is spoken, but this approach is inadequate. In the contemporary world, language teaching has a responsibility to prepare learners for interaction with people of other cultural backgrounds, teaching them skills and attitudes as well as knowledge. This article presents the main concepts involved in this view of language teaching: the notion of…
Language awareness and (critical) cultural awareness - relationships, comparisons and contrasts
The vexed question of the relationship between 'language' and 'culture' will be the starting point. I do not propose to 'resolve' the question but to consider some ways in which relationships between cultural awareness and language awareness might be conceptualised and then have some impact on language education. By 'language education' I refer to the teaching and learning of all languages in a curriculum, whether this be the synchronic experienc…
Twenty-five years on – from cultural studies to intercultural citizenship
At the editor's invitation this article was written as an analysis of the development of the intercultural dimension of foreign language teaching over the last 25 years. It is in part a personal reflection based on an article written for this journal 25 years ago, but it also draws on comments and insights from a network of researchers with whom the author has worked over much of the period in question.Four areas are selected for comment: ‘the va…
Foreign language education and cultural studies
Some basic definitional and theoretical issues concerning the role of cultural studies in foreign language teaching are discussed. The paper is critical of the tourist‐consumer model of intercultural contact and of the agnostic or minimalist approaches to cultural studies often associated with allegedly culture‐free classifications of language functions. Assumptions of some existing approaches to cultural studies are examined. Four key areas for …
A curriculum for action in the community and intercultural citizenship in higher education
The purpose of the project described here is to demonstrate how the introduction of subject matter and principles from citizenship education into foreign language education combines objectives from both in order to give meaning to language education on the one hand and extend citizenship education beyond a focus on the local and the national on the other. In doing so, the educational aims of foreign language teaching - as well as its instrumental…
Familiarising the Stranger
As contact between cultures continues to increase, the impact that this has on cultural identity and belonging is unclear. Cross-cultural or bicultural identification remains a relatively unexplored phenomenon. Is it possible, natural or potentially good to have an identity rooted in more than one culture? If so, how is cross-cultural identity negotiated? Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with nine women who have lived as immigrants in t…
National identity, patriotism and studying politics in schools
After reunification with the People's Republic of China in 1997, Hong Kong was turned into a special administrative region. The new government has repeatedly emphasised the development of national identity and patriotism. One of the locations where these issues might be expected to appear is in the teaching of Government and Public Affairs (GPA), an optional subject offered to secondary students aged 15–18. The aim of this paper is to study the p…
The Politics of Bilingualism
After the resumption of sovereignty in 1997 mother tongue education in Hong Kong, though it began with the good intention of national reintegration, politically, socially, culturally and educationally, has escalated the tensions and contradictions of the politics of bilingualism in its implementation. The government policy of bi-literacy and trilingualism addresses, rather than resolves, the problems of hegemonic struggle among different social g…
Internationalisation in higher education –an internationalist perspective
Purpose This paper aims to argue for the significance of internationalism for the internationalisation of higher education. It analyses some conceptualisations and definitions of internationalisation before explaining the concept of internationalism, and variations of it, to demonstrate that internationalism has a moral dimension which could, and the author argues, provide a normative value base for the processes of internationalisation. Design/m…
Locus of enunciation
Recent articles on the problems of ‘locus of enunciation’ have focused on research and publication as well as on theoretical development of the concept. It is an issue in teaching and learning too, and this is the focus of this article which argues that to reject teaching approaches in ‘the South’ because they come from ‘the North’ is, first, counter to the principles of academic freedom upheld as much in the South as the North, second, prevents …
The ethnographic interview as a personal journey
The opportunity for language teachers to spend some time in a country where their language is spoken, is one which is highly valued as a way of updating linguistic skills and knowledge of the culture. Often the period is short, but whatever the length, teachers need to profit from the stay as much as possible. The argument in this article is that through the ethnographic interview teachers can gain a deeper understanding of an aspect of a foreign…
Student mobility and internationalisation in higher education
Internationalisation is high on the agenda of higher education institutions across the world. Previous research on national and local policies surrounding this phenomenon has identified different discourses of internationalisation which may have an effect on practices such as student mobility. In order to understand better the role of student mobility in practice, the article analyses responses to an inquiry about internationalisation to a group …
Defining and assessing intercultural competence
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Ethical issues in foreign/world language teaching – the example of teaching for intercultural citizenship
In this article, we discuss some ethical issues arising from teaching foreign or world languages for intercultural citizenship. From this perspective, language education engages students in critical investigations of social issues and in the application of linguistic, communicative and intercultural skills beyond the classroom to address such issues in the society. After introducing intercultural citizenship, we illustrate some ethical issues for…
Beyond Teaching Languages for Communication-Humanistic Perspectives and Practices
Our purpose is to trace and explain theoretical and practical developments in foreign/world language teaching over the last decade or more. Language teaching in its modern form, from the Reform Movement of the late 19th century, has focused upon the need for learners to learn or acquire a foreign language in order to use it for communication. Other purposes involve language learning as an intellectual exercise, the development of a language facul…
Teaching intercultural citizenship through intercultural service learning in world language education
Globalization and internationalization have created a need for dialog among people of different persuasions in our own societies and beyond. Language teachers can meet this challenge through the concepts of intercultural citizenship and intercultural service learning, renewing emphasis on educational and humanistic aims as well as instrumental. Students in an advanced Spanish course volunteered in a school and a legal center, interacting one‐on‐o…
Framing the experience of residence abroad
The informal, in‐depth interview is a frequently used tool in qualitative research, where the main purpose is to gain an understanding for the interviewer of (part of) the world‐view of the interviewee. The argument in this article is that the interview process itself helps the interviewee to develop a new understanding of the experiences which are in focus. The interview has a pedagogical function for the interviewee which is dependent upon the …
The perception of French people by English students
The paper presents preliminary results of a research project on the effect of language teaching on young people's perceptions of other cultures. Interview data on the alleged appearance of French people are presented and discussed under the headings (1) physical appearance, (2) facial expressions and behaviour, and (3) dress. Some correlates of general attitude are also reported. Girls generally have a more positive attitude towards the French th…
Schools in ethnolinguistic minorities
There can be no doubt about the significance of the minority phenomenon in the last fifty years, whether in political, social, economic or educational terms. The word 'minority' has been used to refer to groups whose common factor is gender, race, profession, religion, social class and, latterly, ethnicity. 'Minority' may signify numerically inferior but just as often is used figuratively to refer to mass groups with few rights or privileges: The…
Minority schools in the former duchy of Schleswig
The article is an account of the schools which serve the Danish minority in Schleswig‐Holstein and the German minority in Southern Jutland. It begins with a brief historical explanation of the existence of the minorities and then addresses itself to the development of their schools since the present border was drawn in 1920. The contemporary situation is described with particular reference to the paradox of the declared intentions of the schools.…
Minority schools in the former duchy of Schleswig
The article is an account of the schools which serve the Danish minority in Schleswig‐Holstein and the German minority in Southern Jutland. It begins with a brief historical explanation of the existence of the minorities and then addresses itself to the development of their schools since the present border was drawn in 1920. The contemporary situation is described with particular reference to the paradox of the declared intentions of the schools.…
Language choice in a minority school
Cultural studies in foreign-language teaching
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Schools in ethnolinguistic minorities
There can be no doubt about the significance of the minority phenomenon in the last fifty years, whether in political, social, economic or educational terms. The word 'minority' has been used to refer to groups whose common factor is gender, race, profession, religion, social class and, latterly, ethnicity. 'Minority' may signify numerically inferior but just as often is used figuratively to refer to mass groups with few rights or privileges: The…
Pedagogical problems and symbolic values in the language curriculum ‐ the case of the German minority in Denmark
The German minority schools in Denmark form a separate system within the Danish legislation on private schools. Their curriculum, overt and hidden, is a combination of Danish and German influences, and the schools have a unique minority character. German is the language of instruction but pupils are also expected to attain a high degree of proficiency in Danish, as citizens of the Danish state. This poses policy problems for the education authori…
Minority education and ethnic survival
Sprachwissenschaft und volksunde
The effects of language teaching on young people's perceptions of other cultures
(1987). The effects of language teaching on young people's perceptions of other cultures. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development: Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 293-294
Foreign language education and cultural studies
Some basic definitional and theoretical issues concerning the role of cultural studies in foreign language teaching are discussed. The paper is critical of the tourist‐consumer model of intercultural contact and of the agnostic or minimalist approaches to cultural studies often associated with allegedly culture‐free classifications of language functions. Assumptions of some existing approaches to cultural studies are examined. Four key areas for …
Bilingualism and education in two German minorities
The purpose of this article is to contrast two perceptions of bilingualism in two ‘established’ (Churchill, 1986) minorities in Western Europe: the German minority in South Jutland, Denmark, and the German‐speaking minority in eastern cantons of Belgium. The fact that both minorities are German is not coincidental, for the existence of a number of German minorities on the boundaries of the Federal Republic and Austria is due to a shared history o…
Cultural Studies in Foreign Language Education
This book deals with the acquisition of understanding of foreign cultures and peoples. It is also a study of the philosophy and purpose of language teaching in all its facets, in the context of foreign language teaching in secondary education. It attempts to raise awareness of the full educational value of foreign language learning.
The perception of French people by English students
The paper presents preliminary results of a research project on the effect of language teaching on young people's perceptions of other cultures. Interview data on the alleged appearance of French people are presented and discussed under the headings (1) physical appearance, (2) facial expressions and behaviour, and (3) dress. Some correlates of general attitude are also reported. Girls generally have a more positive attitude towards the French th…
Teaching and Learning Language and Culture
This book discusses the idea that cultural learning is an integral part of foreign language learning and offers a practical introduction to the issues by describing classroom practice, curriculum innovation and experimental courses. It also covers principles of methodology and problems in assessing cultural learning.
Framing the experience of residence abroad
The informal, in‐depth interview is a frequently used tool in qualitative research, where the main purpose is to gain an understanding for the interviewer of (part of) the world‐view of the interviewee. The argument in this article is that the interview process itself helps the interviewee to develop a new understanding of the experiences which are in focus. The interview has a pedagogical function for the interviewee which is dependent upon the …
The ethnographic interview as a personal journey
The opportunity for language teachers to spend some time in a country where their language is spoken, is one which is highly valued as a way of updating linguistic skills and knowledge of the culture. Often the period is short, but whatever the length, teachers need to profit from the stay as much as possible. The argument in this article is that through the ethnographic interview teachers can gain a deeper understanding of an aspect of a foreign…
Defining and assessing intercultural competence
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Olomouc and Durham
(1998). Olomouc and Durham: an interdisciplinary curriculum project. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education: Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 105-114
Developing Intercultural Competence in Practice
This book provides practical help for teachers who wish to help their learners acquire intercultural competence in the ordinary classroom. It contains descriptions of lessons and materials from a wide range of classrooms in several countries and for beginners to advanced learners.
Context and Culture in Language Teaching and Learning
The forces of globalisation and internationalisation influence the role and significance of language teaching and learning in classrooms. This affects the ways in which English is taught and learnt. This book explores the ways in which the contexts in which language teaching takes place impact on the aims and the methods of language teaching.
The Politics of Bilingualism
After the resumption of sovereignty in 1997 mother tongue education in Hong Kong, though it began with the good intention of national reintegration, politically, socially, culturally and educationally, has escalated the tensions and contradictions of the politics of bilingualism in its implementation. The government policy of bi-literacy and trilingualism addresses, rather than resolves, the problems of hegemonic struggle among different social g…
Living and Studying Abroad
Studies of students who travel to other countries for study. It includes students travelling within Europe, from Europe and America to East Asia and China and vice versa. The articles report the results of research and also give detailed accounts of the research methods used, and this will be particularly useful to other researchers.
National identity, patriotism and studying politics in schools
After reunification with the People's Republic of China in 1997, Hong Kong was turned into a special administrative region. The new government has repeatedly emphasised the development of national identity and patriotism. One of the locations where these issues might be expected to appear is in the teaching of Government and Public Affairs (GPA), an optional subject offered to secondary students aged 15–18. The aim of this paper is to study the p…
Familiarising the Stranger
As contact between cultures continues to increase, the impact that this has on cultural identity and belonging is unclear. Cross-cultural or bicultural identification remains a relatively unexplored phenomenon. Is it possible, natural or potentially good to have an identity rooted in more than one culture? If so, how is cross-cultural identity negotiated? Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with nine women who have lived as immigrants in t…
From Foreign Language Education to Education for Intercultural Citizenship
This book analyses the evolution of theory of intercultural competence and its relationship to education for citizenship. It analyses the concepts of intercultural competence by discussing the ways in which language education policy develops and by comparing the theories and purposes of foreign language education and education for citizenship.
Intercultural Competence in Foreign Languages
Sociology (41 obras) · Pedagogy (37 obras) · Political science (30 obras) · Psychology (30 obras) · Linguistics (23 obras) · Second Language Learning and Teaching (23 obras) · Law (20 obras) · EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning (19 obras) · Multilingual Education and Policy (18 obras) · Philosophy (16 obras)