Herbert J Walberg
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 1476712 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Herbert J Walberg |
| PRENOMES | Herbert J |
| SOBRENOME | Walberg |
| ASSINATURA | WALBERG H J |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Illinois Chicago |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 70 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 224 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 70 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1968 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2007 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
The Scientific Base Linking Social and Emotional Learning to School Success
Schools will be most successful in their educational mission when they integrate efforts to promote children's academic, social, and emotional learning (Elias et al., 1997). There is general agreem...
Introduction to the Special Issue on Contemporary School Choice Research
This special issue of the Peabody Journal of Education concerns one of the most challenging reform issues of our times?K-12 school choice. Along with school finance and accountability associated with the federal No Child Left Behind Act and state accountability systems, choice is much debated and sorely in need of both solid research and well-informed fed eral, state, and local policies. This issue represents some of the most re cent empirical re…
Analyzing the OECD Indicators Model
The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has identified an elaborate set of indicators by which to judge aspects of education systems. This paper provides a comparative analysis of the education-related features of 28 high-income countries in terms of three blocks of indicators relating respectively to the contexts, processes and results of each system. Factor analyses showed that several aspects of the OECD model are mor…
U.S. Schools Teach Reading Least Productively
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The Power of Their Ideas
The Power of Their Ideas: Lessons for America from a Small School in Harlem, by Deborah Meier. Boston: Beacon Press, 1995. 190 pp. $12.00, paper. Reviewed by Herbert J. Walberg, The University of Illinois at Chicago. From 1940 to 1990, the number of public school districts in the United States declined from 117,108 to 15,367 while the average number of students enrolled in them rose more than 10 times, from 217 to 2,637. During this same half cen…
Productive curriculum time
Time measures critical dimensions of curriculum and of learning. Curriculum's other dimensions are the depth and breadth of subject matter content. Other things being equal, the depth, breadth, and amount of curriculum determine the volume of learning. For psychologists, learning's other dimension is the quality of instruction or pedagogy. The linkage of learning with time is one of the most consistent findings of educational psychology. In a rec…
Losing Local Control
During the past half century, three pronounced trends in state policy have occurred: Districts and schools have dramatically risen in enrollments; states have steadily raised their share of revenues for public schools; and local shares have declined. Yet organization theory and evidence suggest that these trends would make public education less efficient. This hypothesis is tested in 38 states that voluntarily cooperated in administering the Nati…
Educational productivity
S A PERIOD OF EDUCATIONAL reform is ending, more radical restructuring is beginning. Dissatisfied with current progress, the industrialized countries of Western Europe, North America, and the Pacific want more efficiency from their education systems. Similarly, investors in the third world such as the World Bank compare the benefits and costs of loans for building schools, hospitals, and roads to find out which is the best investment. In the Unit…
Toward a Knowledge Base for School Learning
The purpose of this article is to identify and estimate the influence of educational, psychological, and social factors on learning. Using evidence accumulated from 61 research experts, 91 meta-analyses, and 179 handbook chapters and narrative reviews, the data for analysis represent over 11,000 relationships. Three methods—content analyses, expert ratings, and results from meta-analyses—are used to quantify the importance and consistency of vari…
Demographic Disparities of Inner-City Eighth Graders
Inner-city pupils differed from others in racial and ethnic backgrounds, family incomes, parents' education and employmen4 and family composition
OECD Indicators of Educational Productivity
Research news and Comment
District Size and Student Learning
Classroom environment
School Social Work
Schools cannot be effective without partnerships with parents. Social workers have much to contribute to developing this partnership
Can Comprehension Be Taught? A Quantitative Synthesis of "Metacognitive" Studies
Can Comprehension Be Taught
To assess the effect of “metacognitive” instruction on reading comprehension, 20 studies, with a total student population of 1,553, were compiled and quantitatively synthesized. For 115 effect sizes, or contrasts of experimental and control groups' performance, the mean effect size was .71, which indicates a substantial effect. In this compilation of studies, metacognitive instruction was found particularly effective for junior high students (sev…
Syntheses of educational productivity research
Expenditure and Size Efficiencies of Public School Districts
In one of the largest studies yet carried out on the subject, the average scores on state-developed and nationally standardized tests of third-, sixth-, and ninth-graders in New Jersey districts were regressed on indexes of district socioeconomic status (SES), per-student expenditures on education, and the size of enrollments in the districts. The numbers of districts entering the analyses, depending on grade level and test, varied from 261 to 50…
Cross-national differences in mathematics attitude and achievement among seventeen-year-olds
Elementary School Mathematics Productivity in Twelve Countries
The mathematics achievement scores of 28,274 students in 1443 Australian, Belgian, English, Finish, French, German, Israeli, Japanese, Dutch, Scotch, Swedish, and U.S. elementary schools were correlated with, and regressed on socioe‐conomic status, highest math course taken, weekly hours of homework, interest in mathematics, and several other variables with both individuals and schools within each country as units of analysis. The results corrobo…
Teaching and Productivity
The role of the administrator in school productivity
The Utility of Degree of Implementation Measures in Program Implementation and Evaluation Research
This article describes a systematic effort to evaluate and refine the implementation of an innovative educational program. In the first section, the need for research on program implementation is argued. In the second section, the program to be implemented is described, along with the development and validation of the instrumentation and procedures for assessing the degree of implementation. Results from a study of program implementation are summ…
Meta-Analysis in Education
rors of interpretation in Slavin's article. Each section was developed by one or more of the authors of the synthesis criticized in Slavin's article. Slavin invokes two old objections to how meta-analysis is used: You can't combine apples and oranges, and You shouldn't perpetuate the results of sloppy research. These have been debated at length in various books and journals, and it is not our intent to rehash this debate. We merely note that the …
Socio‐psychological Environments and Learning
To estimate the sign and size of correlations between student perceptions of social‐psychological environments of their classes and learning outcomes, 734 correlations from 12 studies on 823 classes in eight subject areas were analyzed. These represented a total of 17,805 students in four nations. A total of 31 of 36 hypotheses, theoretically‐derived in 1969 were supported. Learning outcomes and gains are positively associated with Cohesiveness, …
Expenditure and Size Efficiencies of Public School Districts
In one of the largest studies yet carried out on the subject, the average scores on state-developed and nationally standardized tests of third-, sixth-, and ninth-graders in New Jersey districts were regressed on indexes of district socioeconomic status (SES), per-student expenditures on education, and the size of enrollments in the districts. The numbers of districts entering the analyses, depending on grade level and test, varied from 261 to 50…
High School Effects on Individual Students
The Impact of Leisure-Time Television on School Learning
To integrate empirical findings concerning the impact of leisure time television viewing on student achievement in grades K-12, 274 correlations were assembled or calculated from 23 educational and psychological review articles, doctoral dissertations, statewide assessments, national surveys, articles from refereed journals, technical reports, books, and unpublished papers. For each study, characteristics of the sample, type of outcome, quality o…
Motivation and Achievement
To estimate the typical correlation between motivation and educational achievement, the correlations from a calibration sample of 22 studies and a validation sample of 18 studies were analyzed using analysis of variance and regression techniques. Motivation factors were restricted to general, academic, or mathematics self-concept, locus of control, and achievement motivation; achievement outcome measures included achievement and ability tests and…
Matthew Effects in Education
To test the hypothesized cumulative advantages of educative factors, the science-achievement scores on a 69-item test of science knowledge of 1,284 young adults, ages 26 to 35, surveyed by the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) in 1977, were regressed on three composite independent variables: motivation and prior and current educative experiences. The test scores were related significantly to prior experience-embodied variables, s…
Class Size and the Social Environment of Learning
Physics, femininity, and creativity
Curriculum Effects on the Social Climate of Learning
A primary goal of educational research has been to establish the conditions for effective learning in school classes. Much of such research has focused on classroom interaction in one form or another (See reviews by Medley and Mitzel, Remmers, and Withall and Lewis in Gage, 1963). We have probed this problem further by relating the perceived social climate to cognitive, affective, and behavioral learning (Anderson, 1968; Anderson and Walberg, 196…
Reading Instruction
Concerned with the need for documenting the effects of instructional method on reading achievement, Huey, after the turn of the century (1908), wrote have thus far been content with trial and error, too often allowing the publishers to be our jury, and a real rationalization of the process of inducting the children into the practice of reading has not been made. . . . We have come to the place where we need to pass in review all the methods that …
Can Comprehension Be Taught
To assess the effect of “metacognitive” instruction on reading comprehension, 20 studies, with a total student population of 1,553, were compiled and quantitatively synthesized. For 115 effect sizes, or contrasts of experimental and control groups' performance, the mean effect size was .71, which indicates a substantial effect. In this compilation of studies, metacognitive instruction was found particularly effective for junior high students (sev…
Instructional Effects of Cues, Participation, and Corrective Feedback
To estimate the instructional effects of cues, participation, and corrective feedback on learning, 94 effect sizes were calculated from statistical data in 54 studies containing a combined sample of 14,689 students in approximately 700 classes. The mean of the study-weighted effect sizes is .97, which suggests average percentiles on learning outcomes of 83 and 50, respectively, for experimental and control groups. The strong effects appeared cons…
Open Education
British Infant School, Developmental Classroom, Leicestershire Plan, Integrated Daythese phrases refer to an educational movement that began in Great Britain and is growing rapidly and generating a great deal of interest among administrators, teachers, and parents in the United States (Silberman, 1970). However, there has been very little research and evaluation on Open Education, aside from testimonials by exponents and reporters. Recently Educa…
Generalized Regression Models in Educational Research
Educational researcher workers often conceive of regression in the limited sense of the additive, linear model, which assumes that the independent variables do not interact'and are linearly related to the dependent variable. This paper first enlarges this conception of regression analysis (without using mathematics beyond simple algebra) and shows several essential similarities of regression and analysis of variance in detecting non-additivity (i…
Losing Local Control
During the past half century, three pronounced trends in state policy have occurred: Districts and schools have dramatically risen in enrollments; states have steadily raised their share of revenues for public schools; and local shares have declined. Yet organization theory and evidence suggest that these trends would make public education less efficient. This hypothesis is tested in 38 states that voluntarily cooperated in administering the Nati…
Academic and Occupational Performance
Computer searches of three data bases and hand searches of four major review articles yielded 35 studies of the association between academic and occupational performance in various fields completed since 1950. The study-weighted mean of the 209 correlations is .155, and the standard deviation is .176. Although highly significant, academic indicators such as grades and test scores account on average for only 2.4% of the variance in occupational pe…
Scope and Structure of the Journal Literature in Educational Research
Behavioral Research
Predictive Validity of Student Perception
To test the cross cultural generalizability of measures of student perception of the social environment of learning, the mean end-of-course achievement scores of 166 groups of studious and non-studious members of 83 general science classes and 134 similar groups in 67 social studies classes randomly sampled in the State of Rajasthan, India were correlated with IQ and the 15 scales of the Learning Environment Inventory, (LEI, translated into Hindi…
Differential mental abilities and home environment
University Distinction in Educational Research
Predicting Class Learning
This is one of a series of studies based upon Getzels' and Thelen's (1960) theoretical model of the class as a social system. The GetzelsThelen model holds that, in school classes, personality needs, roleexpectations, and classroom climate interact and predict group behavior including class learning. In previous work we investigated the influence of the teacher's personality on classroom climate (Walberg, 1969B) and learning (Walberg, Welch, and …
Analyzing the OECD Indicators Model
The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has identified an elaborate set of indicators by which to judge aspects of education systems. This paper provides a comparative analysis of the education-related features of 28 high-income countries in terms of three blocks of indicators relating respectively to the contexts, processes and results of each system. Factor analyses showed that several aspects of the OECD model are mor…
Demographic Disparities of Inner-City Eighth Graders
Inner-city pupils differed from others in racial and ethnic backgrounds, family incomes, parents' education and employmen4 and family composition
Cross-national differences in mathematics attitude and achievement among seventeen-year-olds
The Influence of Massive Rewards on Reading Achievement in Potential Urban School Dropouts
Most theories of learning emphasize reinforcement as an important determinant of behavior, and yet no randomized, controlled experiments have been done in school classrooms (Parton and Ross, 1965). This study reports an investigation of this problem in an after-school reading program for children in the Chicago Public Schools.2 The experiment took place in the south side of the innercity, an area populated by rural, Negro migrants from Alabama, G…
Effects of Tutoring and Practice Teaching on Self-Concept and Attitudes in Education Students
Feedback
Class Size and the Social Environment of Learning
Physics, femininity, and creativity
Homogeneity of Regression Tests
Predicting Class Learning
This is one of a series of studies based upon Getzels' and Thelen's (1960) theoretical model of the class as a social system. The GetzelsThelen model holds that, in school classes, personality needs, roleexpectations, and classroom climate interact and predict group behavior including class learning. In previous work we investigated the influence of the teacher's personality on classroom climate (Walberg, 1969B) and learning (Walberg, Welch, and …
Curriculum Effects on the Social Climate of Learning
A primary goal of educational research has been to establish the conditions for effective learning in school classes. Much of such research has focused on classroom interaction in one form or another (See reviews by Medley and Mitzel, Remmers, and Withall and Lewis in Gage, 1963). We have probed this problem further by relating the perceived social climate to cognitive, affective, and behavioral learning (Anderson, 1968; Anderson and Walberg, 196…
Pretest and Sensitization Effects in Curriculum Evaluation
The recent flurry of curriculum development activity sponsored in large part by the federal government has spawned a rapidly growing field of curriculum evaluation. Many evaluation studies rely on traditional research design procedures where the new curriculum (often called experimental) is compared to one that presently exists (usually referred to as traditional) on a set of selected criteria. Often the evaluators administer the criterion measur…
Predictors of the Social Environment of Learning
A series of studies of high school physics classes throughout the nation (summarized in Walberg and Anderson, 1968) has shown that measures of student perception of classroom environment obtained at midyear predict gains in cognitive, affective, and behavioral learning criteria during the school year. With an improved environment instrument, the first of a second series on a new sample (Walberg, 1969d) showed that the canonical functions of the s…
Notes and Comments
Generalized Regression Models in Educational Research
Educational researcher workers often conceive of regression in the limited sense of the additive, linear model, which assumes that the independent variables do not interact'and are linearly related to the dependent variable. This paper first enlarges this conception of regression analysis (without using mathematics beyond simple algebra) and shows several essential similarities of regression and analysis of variance in detecting non-additivity (i…
University Distinction in Educational Research
A National Experiment in Curriculum Evaluation
Although the need for true experiments on broadly defined populations has long been recognized, there are very few local experiments and no national experiments in curriculum research. For example, among 46 government-sponsored course development projects in science and mathematics, a few relied on teacher reports and classroom visits for evaluation, but only four used true experiments in their evaluation strategies (Welch, 1969). The purpose of …
Ecological Correlates of Ambience in the Learning Environment
Two series of studies of social environments in high school physics demonstrated the validity of student perceptions of their classes in predicting cognitive, affective, and behavioral learning (see reviews by Rosenshine, 1970, and Walberg and Ahlgren, 1970). Recently Anderson, Walberg, and Welch (1969), using a true experimental design, showed that the environments of classes randomly assigned to different physics courses differed significantly.…
Open Education
British Infant School, Developmental Classroom, Leicestershire Plan, Integrated Daythese phrases refer to an educational movement that began in Great Britain and is growing rapidly and generating a great deal of interest among administrators, teachers, and parents in the United States (Silberman, 1970). However, there has been very little research and evaluation on Open Education, aside from testimonials by exponents and reporters. Recently Educa…
Urban Schooling and Delinquency
Social deviance theories may be grouped in several ways. Grimshaw (1970), for example, identified four categories of theorists: Psychoanalysts posit individual propensities arising in early childhood (for example, Freud) or later in life cycle (Erickson, Bettelheim); psychologists point to the interaction of the individual and environment (Glaser); psychologists point to attitudes and prejudice manifest in behavior (Allport, McGuire); and sociolo…
Differential mental abilities and home environment
Brief Notes
Ethnicity, Environmental Control, and Academic Self-Concept in Chicago
Stephanie M. Paton, Herbert J. Walberg, Elaine G. Yeh, Ethnicity, Environmental Control, and Academic Self-Concept in Chicago, American Educational Research Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1 (Winter, 1973), pp. 85-91
Family Environment
Eleven-year-old boys and their parents from southern Ontario, Canada, were used to examine relations among sibling constellation variables, social status indicators and a set of parent-sibling interaction variables which were highly predictive of mental ability performance. A two-term equation including father's occupation and either sibsize or the inverse of sibsize parsimoniously accounted for as much significant variance in the parent-sibling …
Birth order, family size, social class, and intelligence
Lack of understanding concerning the relationship between sibling constellation variables and intelligence is attributed to serious methodological and statistical shortcomings of research. A study of 400000 19-year-old Dutch men overcame many of these methodological shortcomings although it relied on a conservative statistical analysis which prevented the revelation of the character of the relationships between variables. The use of complex multi…
Eminence and Citations in Educational Psychology
pact of their writing on the field; and citation counts provide an admittedly imperfect index but one that has shown validity in predicting Nobel prizes and other recognitions of eminence (Wade, 1976). The primary question addressed here is whether the relation between eminence and citation holds in educational psychology. Since 1969, the Institute for Scientific Information (1975) has annually listed all writing that has been cited in a large sa…
Brief Notes
Predictive Validity of Student Perception
To test the cross cultural generalizability of measures of student perception of the social environment of learning, the mean end-of-course achievement scores of 166 groups of studious and non-studious members of 83 general science classes and 134 similar groups in 67 social studies classes randomly sampled in the State of Rajasthan, India were correlated with IQ and the 15 scales of the Learning Environment Inventory, (LEI, translated into Hindi…
Psychology (63 obras) · Mathematics education (46 obras) · Sociology (36 obras) · Pedagogy (22 obras) · School Choice and Performance (22 obras) · Computer Science (21 obras) · Mathematics (21 obras) · Statistics (19 obras) · Social Psychology (17 obras) · Developmental psychology (16 obras)