David Shapiro
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3595206 |
|---|---|
| NOME | David Shapiro |
| PRENOMES | David |
| SOBRENOME | Shapiro |
| ASSINATURA | SHAPIRO D |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Pennsylvania State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0838-3910 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 81 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 202 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 80 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1957 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
An Empirical Assessment of the Contribution of State Offices of Inspectors General to Corruption Control
This exploratory research examines whether the proliferation of state offices of inspector general (OIGs) contributes to corruption control. Using 50-state panel data from 1976 to 2010, preliminary evidence that the number of state-level OIGs is positively associated with the corruption conviction rate is shown. This suggests that state OIGs act as a successful corruption detection mechanism, and therefore, OIGs play a role in corruption control,…
Outsourcing Compliance Functions and Fraud Detection
This chapter addresses the compliance function for hedge funds and considers areas where violations can occur. It surveys regulation in place in the US and internationally, looking in particular at the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, and highlights key issues. Primarily, the chapter focuses on the outsourced nature of many of the agents responsible for providing assurance of the honesty of hedge fu…
Impact of ShotSpotter Technology on Firearm Homicides and Arrests Among Large Metropolitan Counties
Reduction of PTSD in South African University Students Using Transcendental Meditation Practice
A study was conducted on South African college students using the Transcendental Meditation technique to reduce posttraumatic stress disorder. Students meeting the criteria for possible posttraumatic stress disorder were included. Thirty-four students at the experimental university in South Africa clinically diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder were instructed in and practiced the Transcendental Meditation technique twice daily compared t…
Mortality convergence of twins and singletons in sub-Saharan Africa
While there is a substantial amount of literature documenting that twins have higher mortality than singletons, that literature does not address the questions of whether this disadvantage of twins eventually disappears and if so, at what age
L'évolution démographique récente de la France
Au premier janvier 2017, la France comptait près de 67 millions d'habitants, soit un accroissement annuel de 4,0 ‰. L'indice conjoncturel de fécondité poursuit sa baisse en 2016, notamment chez les femmes de 25 à 29 ans, groupe d'âges dans lequel la fécondité est la plus forte. Le nombre de titres de séjour délivrés augmente légèrement et est à son plus haut niveau depuis 1998. Les ressortissants bénéficiant de ces titres représentent 0,32 % de l…
Migration sélective des adultes et inégalités face au décès entre milieux urbains et ruraux au Burkina Faso
En prenant l'exemple du Burkina Faso, où les migrations du milieu rural vers le milieu urbain continuent d'alimenter abondamment le processus d'urbanisation, cette recherche teste les effets nets de la migration sur le différentiel de mortalité entre milieux urbains et ruraux chez les adultes de 15 à 74 ans. Elle s'appuie sur les informations recueillies dans les observatoires de population situés à la campagne (Nouna) et en ville (Ouagadougou) s…
On the pace of fertility decline in sub-Saharan Africa
This descriptive finding examines the comparative pace of fertility decline in sub-Saharan Africa, relative to Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Northern Africa
Women's education, infant and child mortality, and fertility decline in urban and rural sub-Saharan Africa
This paper provides estimates of the contributions of increased womenâ s education and reduced infant and child mortality to fertility declines in urban and rural areas of countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, using individual-level data
Enduring Economic Hardship, Women's Education, Marriage and Fertility Transition in Kinshasa
This paper examines fertility transition in Kinshasa, capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and second-largest city in sub-Saharan Africa. Shapiro (1996) documented the onset of fertility transition in the city, using data from 1990. Women's education was strongly inversely related to fertility, beginning with secondary schooling, and increases in women's education were important in initiating fertility transition in the city. The…
Hypertension
Fertility Transition
Marriage in Sub-Saharan Africa
Consciousness and Self-Regulation
Do we need a stressor to be stressed? Insights from cardiac regulation 1
In consideration of existing contradictory findings, the aim of the present study was to overcome the limitations of traditional cardiac reactivity studies. First, we examined the cardiac activation that takes place in response to ruminating about stress, independently of the presence of a real stressor, and second, we focused on the underlying physiological components of cardiac regulation during rumination, that is, the sympathetic and parasymp…
Exposure to the 'Sida dans la Cité' Aids prevention television series in Côte d'Ivoire, sexual risk behaviour and condom use
This study assesses factors associated with viewing of 'SIDA dans la Cite', a weekly television soap opera on AIDS in Côte d'Ivoire, and the relationship between 'SIDA dans la Cite' viewing, sexual risk behaviour and condom use. The study uses across-sectional survey of 2150 respondents aged 15-49 in three regions. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the effect of'SIDA dans la Cite' exposure on condom use. The results show that 65% of…
The Tortured, Not the Torturers, Are Ashamed
The Tortured and the Torturers PRIMO Levi, in The Drowned and the Saved, tells us that survivors of the Nazi camps felt shame about their experience (1989: 73). Levi calls that shame “absurd” and “paradoxical”; he says that “on a rational plane, there should not have been much to be ashamed of, but shame persisted nevertheless” (77). Paradoxical though it may be, it is apparently common among victims of torture or violent coercion. According to D…
Family Line
Economic Integration of New Immigrants in the Montreal Labor Market
The economic integration of immigrants is most frequently studied with cross-sectional data (censuses and surveys). Here we analyse the process of integration of immigrants into the labour market, using a longitudinal survey carried out in Montreal with a cohort of immigrants who arrived in Quebec in 1989. The central hypothesis of our research is that the national origin plays an important role in the immigrant’s economic integration, defined he…
Fertility, Timing of Births and Socio-economic Status in France and Britain
Heather Joshi, Kevin Lynch, , Michael Rendall, David Shapiro, Fertility, Timing of Births and Socio-economic Status in France and Britain: Social Policies and Occupational Polarization, Population (English Edition, 2002-), Vol. 57, No. 3 (May - Jun., 2002), pp. 475-507
Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Family History of Hypertension in Women Working as Nurses
Ambulatory Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and Neuroendocrine Responses in Women Nurses During Work and Off Work Days
OBJECTIVE: This study examined women's cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responsiveness to work. METHODS: Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded over 24-hour periods on 2 work and 2 off days during the luteal and follicular phases of the menstrual cycle in 138 registered nurses, aged 25 to 50 years. Urinary catecholamines and cortisol were measured for day and night periods. RESULTS: During waking hours systolic BP (SBP)…
Hour Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Cortisol, and Catecholamines During Two Phases of the Menstrual Cycle in Nurses on and Off the Job
Smoking Status and Nicotine Administration Differentially Modify Hemodynamic Stress Reactivity in Men and Women
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of cigarette smoking and oral contraceptive (OC) use on hemodynamic stress responses of women. Also, to examine gender differences in stress reactivity as a function of smoking status and acute nicotine administration. METHODS: Thirty men and 46 women, differing in smoking status and OC use, were tested for cardiovascular stress responses to a variety of behavioral and physical stressors. Each was tested twic…
Education, employment, and fertility in Kinshasa and prospects for changes in reproductive behavior
Marriage in Sub-Saharan Africa
Labor supply behavior of prospective and new mothers
Utilizing unique data generated from the National Longitudinal Surveys of Young Women, this paper examines the labor force participation of young mothers in the months immediately preceding and following the birth of the first child. Labor supply behavior at this point in the life cycle is described in greater detail than has hitherto been available. In addition, we analyze the independent effect of several factors of interest on the probability …
Women's education, infant and child mortality, and fertility decline in urban and rural sub-Saharan Africa
This paper provides estimates of the contributions of increased womenâ s education and reduced infant and child mortality to fertility declines in urban and rural areas of countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, using individual-level data
Aspirations and Expectations of Youth in the United States
On the pace of fertility decline in sub-Saharan Africa
This descriptive finding examines the comparative pace of fertility decline in sub-Saharan Africa, relative to Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Northern Africa
The Impact of Women's Employment and Education on Contraceptive use and Abortion in Kinshasa, Zaire
This report examines contraceptive behavior and abortion among women residing in Kinshasa, Zaire's capital city, with particular emphasis on women's employment and education. A data set collected in 1990 covering 2,399 women of reproductive age was used. While the practice of contraception is a common event in Kinshasa, dominated by the rhythm method, the use of modern contraceptives remains limited, but is on the rise. Induced abortion is report…
Resources required in the construction and reconstruction of conversation
Racial Differences in Access to High-Paying Jobs and the Wage Gap between Black and White Women
The authors examine the role that racial differences in access to high-paying occupations played in determining the racial wage gap in the 1980s. Analyzing data on black and white women aged 34–44 from the National Longitudinal Surveys for 1968–88, they estimate the effects of human capital characteristics and discrimination on segregation into high- and low-wage jobs by race. They find that differences in workers' measured characteristics explai…
L'évolution démographique récente de la France
Au premier janvier 2017, la France comptait près de 67 millions d'habitants, soit un accroissement annuel de 4,0 ‰. L'indice conjoncturel de fécondité poursuit sa baisse en 2016, notamment chez les femmes de 25 à 29 ans, groupe d'âges dans lequel la fécondité est la plus forte. Le nombre de titres de séjour délivrés augmente légèrement et est à son plus haut niveau depuis 1998. Les ressortissants bénéficiant de ces titres représentent 0,32 % de l…
Fertility, Timing of Births and Socio-economic Status in France and Britain
Heather Joshi, Kevin Lynch, , Michael Rendall, David Shapiro, Fertility, Timing of Births and Socio-economic Status in France and Britain: Social Policies and Occupational Polarization, Population (English Edition, 2002-), Vol. 57, No. 3 (May - Jun., 2002), pp. 475-507
Education, employment, and fertility in Kinshasa and prospects for changes in reproductive behavior
Family Background and Early Life Course Transitions in Kinshasa
The impact of family background characteristics on young womens transitions to adult life roles was investigated in a household survey of 2400 women 13-49 years of age from Kinshasa Zaire. Of specific interest were three events: initiation of sexual activity entry into a first union and timing of the first birth. By age 20 years 90% of respondents had experienced first intercourse; by age 22 years 80% had entered a first union and 70% had had a f…
Aspirations and Expectations of Youth in the United States
Impact of ShotSpotter Technology on Firearm Homicides and Arrests Among Large Metropolitan Counties
Fertility Decline in Kinshasa
This paper examines key socio-economic changes over the past 40 years in the lives of women in Kinshasa, Zaire, and how those changes relate to observed fertility behaviour. Data from surveys carried out in 1955, 1975, and 1990 are used to highlight the remarkable shift that has taken place in the educational attainment of women: in the 1950s the vast majority of adult women had no formal education, while by 1990 the median woman had been to seco…
Population growth, changing agricultural practices, and environmental degradation in Zaire
The Tortured, Not the Torturers, Are Ashamed
The Tortured and the Torturers PRIMO Levi, in The Drowned and the Saved, tells us that survivors of the Nazi camps felt shame about their experience (1989: 73). Levi calls that shame “absurd” and “paradoxical”; he says that “on a rational plane, there should not have been much to be ashamed of, but shame persisted nevertheless” (77). Paradoxical though it may be, it is apparently common among victims of torture or violent coercion. According to D…
Complementarity of work and fertility among young American mothers
In this paper information about cohorts of young women in the National Longitudinal Survey of Work Experience is used to examine the extent to which women maintain a continuity of work attachment during their early years of childbearing, the years when traditionally they were most likely to withdraw from the work force. The results indicate that women who maintain closer ties to the work force immediately before and after their first birth are al…
Migration sélective des adultes et inégalités face au décès entre milieux urbains et ruraux au Burkina Faso
En prenant l'exemple du Burkina Faso, où les migrations du milieu rural vers le milieu urbain continuent d'alimenter abondamment le processus d'urbanisation, cette recherche teste les effets nets de la migration sur le différentiel de mortalité entre milieux urbains et ruraux chez les adultes de 15 à 74 ans. Elle s'appuie sur les informations recueillies dans les observatoires de population situés à la campagne (Nouna) et en ville (Ouagadougou) s…
Economic Integration of New Immigrants in the Montreal Labor Market
The economic integration of immigrants is most frequently studied with cross-sectional data (censuses and surveys). Here we analyse the process of integration of immigrants into the labour market, using a longitudinal survey carried out in Montreal with a cohort of immigrants who arrived in Quebec in 1989. The central hypothesis of our research is that the national origin plays an important role in the immigrant’s economic integration, defined he…
KGB
KGB: The Secret Work of Soviet Secret Agents KGB: The Secret Work of Soviet Secret Agents. By John Barron. Introduction by Robert Conquest. London, Sydney, Auckland, Toronto: Hodder and Stoughton. 1974. 462 pp. Bibliog. Index. £4.25. David Shapiro David Shapiro Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 51, Issue 1, January 1975, Pages 105–106, https://doi.org/10.2307/2616960 Published: …
Arousal correlates of task role and group setting
A Single National Voice for Bioethics”
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Rural Employment and Rural-Urban Differences in Employment in Zaire
This article provides evidence on the extent of de-agrarianization, the nature of rural employment, and rural-urban differences in employment in Zaire. The composition of employment by industry is examined using data from Zaire's 1984 Census. Increased schooling was associated with a greater propensity to be involved in nonagricultural employment. Since 1990, Zaire's chronic economic crisis has become acute and is intertwined with the political c…
Wage Differentials among Black, Hispanic, and White Young Men
This paper uses the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth Labor Market Experience to examine whether, as Freeman has contended, wage differentials based on race have largely vanished from the labor market for young men. The evidence indicates that there is still a significant black-white difference in hourly wage rates among young men not enrolled in school, but not among students. Hispanic-white wage differences are not significant among ei…
Stereotypes about Americans and Europeans Who Make Specific Statements
Some effects of response context on trait inferences1
A Physiological and Behavioral Approach to the Study of Group Interaction
A behavioral and physiological technique has been developed for study of complex group interactions in a simplified laboratory setting. An experimental 3-person guessing game was devised in order to bring group behavior under manipulation by reinforcement techniques. Nine men and 15 women participated in one individual and five group situations. The number of initiations made by each subject and the basal level galvanic skin potential, sampled at…
Social Isolation and Social Interaction
A Select Bibliography of Works in English on Russian History, 1801-1917
A Select Bibliography of Works in English on Russian History 1801-1917
Institutions Versus Realities—a British Approach
The Soviets in International Organizations
Journal Article The Soviets in International Organizations: Changing Policy Toward Developing Countries, 1953–1963 Get access The Soviets in International Organizations: Changing Policy Toward Developing Countries, 1953–1963. By Alvin Z. Rubinstein. Foreword by Philip E. Jacob. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press; London: Oxford University Press. 1964. 380 pp. Bibliog. Index. 60s. David Shapiro David Shapiro Search for other works by this…
Psychobiological Approaches to Social Behavior
Biological Aspects of Social Problems
Arousal correlates of task role and group setting
Differentiation of Heart Rate and Systolic Blood Pressure in Man by Operant Conditioning
Human heart rate-systolic blood pressure decoupling was tested by operant conditioning procedures. Twenty normal male subjects were given feedback of their heart rate, half operantly reinforced for increasing and half for decreasing their heart rate, while systolic blood pressure was continuously monitored. Significant heart rate conditioning was obtained in a single session without concomitant effects on blood pressure. Further analyses of the b…
Of Institutions and Decisions
Learned Control of Cardiovascular Integration in Man Through Operant Conditioning
In previous research, it has been shown that subjects can learn to increase or decrease their systolic blood pressure without corresponding changes in heart rate, or they can learn to increase or decrease their heart rate without corresponding changes in blood pressure. The present paper outlines a method for directly conditioning a combination of two autonomic responses. A system was developed which, at each heart cycle, determines on line wheth…
Timing Characteristics of Operant Electrodermal Modification
Palmar skin potential responses in human subjects were reinforced under several fixed-interval schedules of reinforcement varying from 50 to 150 seconds. With the exception of an initial response burst immediately after reinforcement, the response characteristics appear to be comparable to those observed for skeletal operants. Data are also presented showing that efficiency of performance is improved when subjects are provided an external clock. …
The Victors' Dilemma. Allied Intervention in the Russian Civil War
Journal Article The Victors' Dilemma. Allied Intervention in the Russian Civil War Get access The Victors' Dilemma. Allied Intervention in the Russian Civil War. By John Silverlight. London: Barrie & Jenkins. 1970. 392 pp. Bibliog. Index. £4. David Shapiro David Shapiro Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 47, Issue 3, July 1971, Page 557, https://doi.org/10.2307/2614442 Published:…
Smoking on Cue
David Shapiro, Gary E. Schwartz, Bernard Tursky, Susan R. Shnidman, Smoking on Cue: A Behavioral Approach to Smoking Reduction, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 12, No. 2 (Jun., 1971), pp. 108-113
The Writing of History in the Soviet Union
Journal Article The Writing of History in the Soviet Union Get access The Writing of History in the Soviet Union. By Anatole G. Mazour. Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press. 1971. 383 pp. Index. (Hoover Institution Publications, 87.) $17.50. David Shapiro David Shapiro Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 49, Issue 3, July 1973, Page 469, https://doi.org/10.2307/2616873 Publi…
Social Realism
Voluntary Control of Penile Tumescence
This study investigated the voluntary control of penile tumescence in the absence of external erotic stimulation. Twelve experimental subjects were given analogue visual feedback and monetary rewards for increase in penile diameter as measured by a strain gauge. Twelve control subjects were given no analogue feedback and noncontingent rewards but the same instructions to maximize erections. While both groups were capable of voluntary penile tumes…
KGB
KGB: The Secret Work of Soviet Secret Agents KGB: The Secret Work of Soviet Secret Agents. By John Barron. Introduction by Robert Conquest. London, Sydney, Auckland, Toronto: Hodder and Stoughton. 1974. 462 pp. Bibliog. Index. £4.25. David Shapiro David Shapiro Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 51, Issue 1, January 1975, Pages 105–106, https://doi.org/10.2307/2616960 Published: …
Social Realism
The role of bodily feelings in anxiety
Effects of Biofeedback and Voluntary Control Procedures on Heart Rate and Perception of Pain During The Cold Pressor Test
The automation of the operation of integrated building systems requires using modern control techniques to enhance the quality of the building indoor environments. This paper describes the theatrical base and practical application of an optimal dynamic regulator using modelbased Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control design for integrated building systems. This LQG regulator consists of an optimal state-feedback controller and an optimal state e…
Resources required in the construction and reconstruction of conversation
Psychology (36 obras) · Sociology (29 obras) · Medicine (26 obras) · Economics (24 obras) · Political science (23 obras) · Demography (18 obras) · Computer Science (17 obras) · Economic growth (15 obras) · Geography (15 obras) · Internal Medicine (15 obras)