Bipin Adhikari
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3863970 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Bipin Adhikari |
| PRENOMES | Bipin |
| SOBRENOME | Adhikari |
| ASSINATURA | ADHIKARI B |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Mahidol University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8981-3910 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 55 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 0 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 36 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 19 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2017 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 0 |
Barriers and opportunities to addressing social determinants of malaria in Wakiso District, Uganda
Malaria remains a significant public health threat in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Uganda, where it is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. There is limited evidence on factors related to social determinants within ongoing malaria control efforts in the country. This study explored barriers and opportunities in addressing the social determinants of malaria in Uganda. A qualitative study was conducted in Wakiso district. Data were …
Antimicrobial resistance in Ecuador
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a growing global public health threat, undermining therapeutic efficacy and disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations. In Ecuador, the situation is exacerbated by weak surveillance systems and fragmentation among the human, animal, and environmental health sectors. This study analyzes current national approaches that address AMR in Ecuador from a One Health (OH) perspective, with an emphasis on …
Community engagement strategies for preventing recurrent Nipah virus outbreaks in Bangladesh and India
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to spatial repellent for mosquito control and malaria risk perception in East Sumba, Indonesia
While progress has been made in combating the global burden of malaria, Sumba Island, Indonesia, has trailed much of the country and region in reducing malaria infections. The study aimed to investigate local knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to mosquito control and malaria prevention in East Sumba Island, Indonesia. Primary data were collected from a cross-sectional household survey (n = 757) conducted across six subdistricts on East S…
“Treating myself first”
Migrant workers play a crucial role in Thailand’s fishery and seafood processing industry. However, their social and economic circumstances present significant barriers to healthcare access. This study explored the healthcare-seeking experiences of migrant workers employed in Thailand’s seafood processing sector. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 30 migrant workers employed and five migrant health volunteers and analyzed using …
Willingness to accept paediatric blood sample collection for clinical research purposes in Nepal
Blood sample collection is essential for clinical research but can be challenging due to cultural beliefs, emotional responses, and misconceptions. This can escalate in paediatric settings. Despite the growing landscape of clinical research, evidence from South Asia remains limited. This study explores the factors influencing willingness to accept paediatric blood sample collection for clinical research in Nepal, drawing on experiences from a cli…
“Grandmothers as gatekeepers”
Vaccine hesitancy is responsible for the resurgence of vaccine-preventable diseases in Nigeria due to suboptimal immunization as seen in urban slums. Older women are traditionally influential in infant health decision-making in African communities; however, their roles in addressing vaccine hesitancy remain underexplored. This study explored the perceived reasons for vaccine hesitancy and methods employed by older women to address vaccine hesitan…
Understanding imported malaria in western Nepal
Imported malaria has emerged as a key challenge for malaria elimination efforts in Nepal, particularly in border regions with high labor migration to malaria-endemic areas. Identifying the geographic origin and demographic characteristics of imported cases is essential to inform targeted interventions and prevent local transmission. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Narainapur Rural Municipality, Banke District, from Novemb…
Co-creating community-driven solutions and policy priorities to address antimicrobial resistance through Responsive Dialogues
Inappropriate antibiotics use due to low public knowledge and awareness contributes to the growing Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) burden, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The aim of Responsive Dialogues (RDs) is to engage communities and key stakeholders to share information, galvanize action and create local solutions to reduce the burden of AMR. RDs promote collaborative problem-solving and have been identified as a poten…
Patient knowledge, attitudes and practices on chronic wound infections in Tanga Regional Referral Hospital, Tanzania; A qualitative study
Bacterial wound infections contribute significantly to global mortality, with nearly half of contaminated wounds progressing to chronic states, which can result in amputations. In Tanzania, the situation is worsened by the misuse of antibiotics and the rise of drug-resistant bacteria, alongside patients’ varied understanding of wound care management. This qualitative study explores patient knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding chron…
Community health volunteers as a frontline platform for antimicrobial resistance mitigation in sub-Saharan Africa
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health crisis disproportionately affecting sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where it was directly responsible for approximately 255,000 deaths in 2019 alone. Despite this burden, community-level mitigation strategies remain underdeveloped. Community health volunteers (CHVs), embedded within their communities and trusted by populations with limited healthcare access, represent an underutilised but promisi…
Engaging youth in health and research in rural Cambodia
BACKGROUND: The Youth Advisory Group on Health and Research Engagement (YAGHRE) has been a collaborative initiative between school students and Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU) staff in Siem Pang, Cambodia since 2021. Members provide input on health and research activities conducted by MORU. OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study was to explore key stakeholders' perspectives on the YAGHRE. METHODS: = 7). Data were collec…
The most stress comes from witnessing the abuse of children” —challenges faced by research assistants in community-based research in Mtwara, Tanzania
Clear engagement strategies with communities and authorities are essential to support RAs in reporting and follow-up. Training and resources are urgently needed to prepare field staff, mitigate moral distress, and protect research participants from harmful behaviours
Acceptability and feasibility of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) testing using SD Biosensor by village malaria workers in Cambodia
Introduction Plasmodium vivax is the predominant cause of malaria in the Greater Mekong Subregion. To ensure safe treatment with primaquine, point-of-care glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) testing was rolled out in Cambodia at the health facility level, although most malaria patients are diagnosed in the community. The current study aims to explore the acceptability and feasibility of implementing community-level G6PD testing in Cambodia. …
Translating investments into results
box Over the past few decades, the World Bank Group has emerged as an important stakeholder in global health, following decades of its investments in health systems around the world
Stakeholder analysis for ‘One Health’ approach to tackle antimicrobial resistance
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and interventions to mitigate it are multisectoral, exhibiting super-wicked features that require intersectoral collaboration and synergy. Although AMR and mitigation strategies are pressing issues, their solutions are complex, ethically challenging, multilayered and often conflict at various levels and among diverse stakeholders. The main objective of this study was to identify the values and potential contribution…
Why should we be concerned by internalised racism in global health
Internalised racism constitutes an adoption of beliefs about one’s inferiority, weaknesses or shortcomings as a function of racial hierarchy affecting one’s identity and self-worth, thoughts, emotions and behaviours. Internalised racism stems from widely known and discussed institutional racial discrimination, which perpetuates epistemic injustice, social injustice and health inequities in global health. In this article, reflecting on our experie…
A qualitative study on factors influencing health workers’ uptake of a pilot surgical antibiotic prophylaxis stewardship programme in selected Georgian hospitals
Antimicrobial misuse in surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) can include the inappropriate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics or prolonged dosing. In 2021, a pilot antimicrobial stewardship programme (ASP) was launched in Georgia, which involved developing and adapting SAP guidelines, establishing an interprofessional SAP prescribing approach, collecting surgical site infection (SSI) data via routinely collected data and telephonic patient follow…
A realist perspective on optimizing community health workers’ roles and functions to deliver integrated people-centred care
Community Health Workers (CHWs) play a crucial role to support health care delivery in underserved communities. Although the value of CHWs’ contributions is widely recognised, there is limited evidence on the mechanisms that enable CHWs to deliver people-centred care. Using a realist evaluation approach guided by WHO’s Integrated People-Centred Health Services (IPCHS) framework, the study focused on how different contexts and mechanisms interact …
Community health worker and caregiver experiences and perceptions of a multimodal handheld pulse oximeter used in sick child consultations in rural Burundi
Community Health Workers (CHWs) in low- and middle-income countries are essential in providing primary health care to remote communities. However, due to limited diagnostic tools, CHWs often struggle to correctly identify childhood illnesses, especially pneumonia. We conducted a prospective pilot study and used qualitative research methods to evaluate acceptability and feasibility of a multimodal pulse oximeter used by CHWs during their integrate…
Acceptability of improved cook stoves-a scoping review of the literature
Improved cooking stoves (ICS) are intended to reduce indoor air pollution and the inefficient use of fuel yet there is often reticence to shift permanently to ICS. Drawing on a scoping review, this article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of factors affecting the acceptability of ICS. A scoping review was carried out using a systematic search strategy of literature. All articles identified in three major databases that included Pubmed/Med…
Ration or compassion? Stakeholder perspectives on the introduction of bedaquiline in South Africa
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health emergency that poses a significant challenge to disease control efforts that rely on antibiotics. Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a major contributor to global AMR, but its management has historically often remained confined to TB-specific discussions. The emergence of bedaquiline (BDQ), the first novel TB drug in decades, is a moment of potential confluence between AMR and DR-TB. By examin…
Acceptability, feasibility and fidelity of an expanded role for community health workers for malaria elimination in Myanmar
As countries transition to malaria elimination many are considering expanding the role of dedicated malaria community health workers (CHWs) to provide both malaria and limited primary health care services. The acceptability, feasibility and fidelity of an expanded role for CHW are vital factors for the successful implementation and sustainability of this health care model and data are needed to inform policy change.To further inform an expanded C…
Over the counter use of topical corticosteroid for skin conditions among patients before attending skin specialist clinic in Nepal
Access to topical corticosteroids (TCs) globally includes over the counter (OTC) sale without proper guidelines, exacerbating treatment-resistant infections and complicating outcome of skin conditions. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the reasons behind OTC use of TCs among patients with skin conditions before attending a skin specialist clinic. This study was conducted from September 2021 to March 2022. The study included in-depth inter…
Understanding the acceptability of Covid-19 antigen rapid diagnostic tests
Accessible and timely diagnostic testing was essential during the COVID-19 pandemic to control the virus’s spread and mitigate severe outcomes. However, real-time polymerase chain reaction tests, although sensitive incur high costs and prolonged turnaround times, and face implementation challenges in many resource-constrained settings. Antigen rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDT), which can be administered either by providers or as self-tests, are acc…
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Elements of effective community engagement
BACKGROUND: Mass drug (antimalarial) administration (MDA) is currently under study in Southeast Asia as part of a package of interventions referred to as targeted malaria elimination (TME). This intervention relies on effective community engagement that promotes uptake and adherence in target communities (above 80%). OBJECTIVE: Based on the experienced of designing and implementing the community engagement for TME in Laos, in this article we aim …
Culture and epidemiology of diabetes in South Asia
Geographic and socio-economic variation in markers of indoor air pollution in Nepal
Fuel choice and clean indoor practices are dependent on household socio-economic status. The geographical disparity in the distribution of markers of IAP calls for public health interventions targeting households that are poor and located in rural areas
Earthquake rebuilding and response to Covid-19 in Nepal, a country nestled in multiple crises
Antimicrobial resistance and over the counter use of drugs in Nepal
A ntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an emerging global threat. Antimicrobial resistant infections cause 700 000 deaths every year globally and is estimated to account for 10 million deaths each year by 2050 if no actions taken World Health Organization has warned that the current trend in the emergence and spread of AMR could lead to 'post-antibiotic era' catastrophic consequences In Asia alone, more than 4 million deaths are projected to be due t…
The perils of Covid-19 in Nepal
There is a growing concern that the long-term extension of lockdown strategy can severely affect the health and nutrition security of the poor and vulnerable population in Nepal
Health system’s readiness to provide cardiovascular, diabetes and chronic respiratory disease related services in Nepal
This study found sub-optimal readiness of services related to three NCDs at the public facilities in Nepal. Compared to public facilities, private facilities showed higher readiness scores for CVDs, diabetes, and CRDs. There is an urgent need for policy reform to improve the health services for NCDs, particularly in public facilities
Cardiometabolic risk factors among patients with tuberculosis attending tuberculosis treatment centers in Nepal
This study highlights the role of gender and socio-demographic characteristics associated with the risk of cardiometabolic diseases in patients with Tuberculosis. The findings from this study can guide medical practitioners and policy makers to consider clinical suspicion, diagnosis and treatment. National treatment guideline can benefit by integrating the management of non-communicable diseases in Tuberculosis treatment centers
Why do people purchase antibiotics over-the-counter? A qualitative study with patients, clinicians and dispensers in central, eastern and western Nepal
INTRODUCTION: Over-the-counter (OTC) use of antibiotics contributes to the burgeoning rise in antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Drawing on qualitative research methods, this article explores the characteristics of OTC sales of antibiotic in Nepal, its drivers and implications for policy. METHODS: Data were collected in and around three tertiary hospitals in eastern, western and central Nepal. Using pre-defined guides, a mix of semi-structured inter…
‘The broker also told me that I will not have problems after selling because we have two and we can survive on one kidney’
Kidney selling is a global phenomenon engraved by poverty and governance in low-income countries with the higher-income countries functioning as recipients and the lower-income countries as donors. Over the years, an increasing number of residents in a village near the capital city of Nepal have sold their kidneys. This study aims to explore the drivers of kidney selling and its consequences using ethnographic methods and multi-stakeholder consul…
Transforming Nepal’s primary health care delivery system in global health era
Nepal’s Primary Health Care (PHC) is aligned vertically with disease control programs at the core and a vast network of community health workers at the periphery. Aligning with the globalization of health and the factors affecting global burden of diseases, Nepal echoes the progressive increase in life expectancy, changes in diseases patterns, including the current impact of COVID-19. Nepal’s health system is also accommodating recent federalizat…
Safety and efficacy of primaquine in patients with Plasmodium vivax malaria from South Asia
Comparing the roles of community health workers for malaria control and elimination in Cambodia and Tanzania
The reduction of deaths from malaria in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is stalling, whereas many countries in Southeast Asia are approaching malaria elimination. We reviewed the role of community health worker (CHW) programmes in malaria control and elimination between regions, with a more detailed description of the programmes in Tanzania and Cambodia. Compared with Tanzania, Cambodia has a much more developed CHW network, which has been pivotal in th…
Use of antimicrobials during the Covid-19 pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic was a major public health threat and the pressure to find curative therapies was tremendous. Particularly in the early critical phase of the pandemic, a lot of empirical treatments, including antimicrobials, were recommended. Drawing on interviews with patients, clinicians and drug dispensers, this article explores the use of antimicrobials for the management of COVID-19 in Nepal. A total of 30 stakeholders (10 clinicians, 1…
Perceptions around Covid-19 and vaccine hesitancy
Burgeoning morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19 pandemic including the peaks in outbreaks due to different variants have attracted global attention. Although the development and rolling out of vaccines have been impressive, low- and middle-income countries suffer from a double burden: (1) lack of adequate vaccines; and (2) low vaccine uptake (vaccine hesitancy). The main objective of this study was to explore perceptions around COVID-19 and va…
Sharing results with participants (and community) in malaria related research
Results-sharing with participants or their communities after the completion of research is an essential element of ethical research. The main objective of this study was to identify and document current practice of trial result dissemination, to explore attitudes among trialists towards result dissemination and to better understand previous experiences and barriers to returning results to participants. This mixed-methods study used a sequential e…
Exploring barriers to and facilitators of malaria prevention practices
Results provided insights regarding the challenges to preventing P. knowlesi malaria in rural Kudat, Sabah. The participation of communities in research was valuable in expanding knowledge of local challenges and highlighting possible ways to overcome barriers. These findings may be used to improve strategies for zoonotic malaria control, which is critical for advancing social change and minimizing health disparities in malaria prevention
Factors associated with anemia among children in South and Southeast Asia
Children with anemic mothers and stunted growth were found vulnerable to developing childhood anemia. Individual and community-level factors identified in this study can be considered to develop effective anemia control and prevention strategies
Vaccine mandates and public trust do not have to be antagonistic
Interventions to address antimicrobial resistance
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health and one health problem. Efforts to mitigate the problem of AMR are challenging to implement due to unresolved ethical tensions. We present an in-depth ethical analysis of tensions that might hinder efforts to address AMR. First, there is a tension between access and excess in the current population: addressing lack of access requires facilitating use of antimicrobials for some populations, while a…
Enhanced or hindered research benefits? A realist review of community engagement and participatory research practices for non-communicable disease prevention in low- and middle-income countries
INTRODUCTION: Community engagement and participatory research are widely used and considered important for ethical health research and interventions. Based on calls to unpack their complexity and observed biases in their favour, we conducted a realist review with a focus on non-communicable disease prevention. The aim was to generate an understanding of how and why engagement or participatory practices enhance or hinder the benefits of non-commun…
Community engagement and the centrality of ‘working relationships’ in health research
Community engagement (CE) is widely accepted as a critical aspect of health research because of its potential to make research more ethical, relevant and well implemented. Although CE activities linked to international health research involving Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs; see author note) have proliferated and are increasingly described in published literature, there is a lack of conceptual clarity around how engagement is understood …
Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and a supertyphoon
Pandemics and natural disasters are recognized to cause major disruptions. The main objective of this study was to explore the impacts of COVID-19 and supertyphoon Odette in Cebu, Philippines. A total of 2630 participants were interviewed exploring the impacts of COVID-19 and supertyphoon Odette. The majority of the respondents (2486/2630; 94.5%) had financial problems due to COVID-19. Almost three out of four respondents (1962/2630; 74.6%) exper…
Implementation of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) testing for Plasmodium vivax case management, a mixed method study from Cambodia
Plasmodium vivax remains a challenge for malaria elimination since it forms dormant liver stages (hypnozoites) that can reactivate after initial infection. 8-aminoquinolone drugs kill hypnozoites but can cause severe hemolysis in individuals with Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. The STANDARD G6PD test (Biosensor) is a novel point-of-care diagnostic capable of identifying G6PD deficiency prior to treatment. In 2021, Cambodia im…
Why do people sell their kidneys? A thematic synthesis of qualitative evidence
Globally, demands for the kidneys have surpassed supply both living and deceased donors. High demands relative to the availability have made the kidney one of the most saleable human organs. The main objective was to explore the drivers of kidney selling. Literature related to kidney selling and its drivers was explored in three databases including MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus (Elsevier), and JSTOR covering the period from 1987 to 2022. A total of 15…
Medicine (33 obras) · Qualitative research (22 obras) · Environmental health (21 obras) · Public health (21 obras) · Nursing (19 obras) · Political science (18 obras) · Sociology (16 obras) · Health care (15 obras) · Global Maternal and Child Health (14 obras) · Population (12 obras)