Ariadna Ripoll Servent
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 4378575 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Ariadna Ripoll Servent |
| PRENOMES | Ariadna Ripoll |
| SOBRENOME | Servent |
| ASSINATURA | SERVENT A R |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Bamberg |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1399-6535 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 30 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 375 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 30 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2009 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 12 |
Supranationalisation without integration
The New Pact on Migration and Asylum in a shifting political context
The New Pact on Migration and Asylum, adopted in May 2024, aims to reformthe Common European Asylum System (CEAS) through eight legislative filesthat address asylum, migration and border management. This profile articleargues that the difficulties experienced in closing the Pact led the EU to seeexternalization as a functional response to the refugee crisis, since it shiftedresponsibility away by delegating border and migration management to thir…
The EU’s recovery playbook
Under Which Conditions Do Populist Governments Use Unpolitics in EU Decision-Making
Until recently, we knew very little about the role of populist governments in EU decision-making. The “crucial case” of refugee distribution within the EU demonstrated that their behaviour was ruled by unpolitics: they rejected formal and informal rules of decision-making if these were not conducive to their preferred outcome, they rejected traditional means of ensuring compromises, and they rejected solutions to perpetuate crises. However, to wh…
EU free movement of people
The free movement of people (FMP) was one of the first victims of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. Calls for better coordination often remained unheard in the initial phase of hectic border closures and mostly resulted in soft EU recommendations. Nevertheless, most restrictions on the FMP were lifted after summer 2020 and could be largely avoided in later waves of the pandemic. We argue that the resilience of the FMP, a fundamental principle of t…
Perpetuating Crisis as a Supply Strategy
We still know very little of how populist governments behave as compared to mainstream governments in Council decision‐making. Studying the ‘crucial case’ of negotiations around refugee distribution in the EU, an issue which allows populists to mobilize both anti‐EU and anti‐immigrant sentiment, we demonstrate that populist governments differ from mainstream ones in three important ways: First, they reject formal and informal rules of Council dec…
Framing Climate Policy Ambition in the European Parliament
The European Union’s climate policy is considered quite ambitious. This has led to a growing interest among political scientists investigating the European Parliament’s ability to negotiate such ambitious climate legislation. These studies generally focus on the voting behaviour of members of the European Parliament, which allows us to know more about their positions when it comes to accepting or rejecting legislative acts. However, we know surpr…
Resilient Institutions
The evolution of the inter-institutional balance of powers has been a constant feature of the European integration process. Therefore, this thematic issue reopens these theoretical and empirical discussions by looking at an underexploited angle of research, namely the impact of rule change on policy outputs. We offer a discussion on how to theorise rule change, actors’ behaviour, and their impact on policy outputs. We also examine the links betwe…
One step forward, two steps back
Drawing on the Core State Power framework, this paper assesses Germany’s ambiguous role in EU asylum policies from signing of the Maastricht Treaty to the present. It demonstrates that Germany has neither taken on the role of a leader nor pursued any consistent course regarding the institutional setup or content of EU asylum policies. However, this does not mean that Germany does not have any preferences in this area. Overall, German governments …
Engaging the disengaged? Explaining the participation of Eurosceptic MEPs in trilogue negotiations
First published online: 07 January 2021 With higher levels of polarization in the European Parliament (EP), mainstream groups increasingly face the trade-off between engaging and dismissing Eurosceptic challenger parties. Therefore, this article proposes a model to understand the strategies of mainstream and Eurosceptic groups in legislative work. It uses content analysis of legislative amendments to explain under what conditions these two sets o…
Inside the black box of trilogues
n Contains fulltext :\n 229227.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)\n
Conclusions
This conclusion to the special issue reflects on the evolution of European integration since the early 1990s in order to better understand the contested origins of the Treaty of Lisbon and the consequences the latter have had for the EU's political system. It considers the various contributions of the special issue and shows how the Treaty emerged in an era of shifting cleavages, disputed steps towards a more political Union and rising populism. …
The EU’s refugee ‘crisis’
La "crise" des réfugiés a été présentée comme un échec de la politique d’asile de l’UE. Pourtant, de quel type d’échec parlons-nous en réalité ? S’agit-il d’un échec à faire face aux pressions extérieures qui ont vu le nombre de demandeurs d’asile augmenter considérablement ou plutôt d’un échec à mettre en place un système d’asile commun pleinement opérationnel ? Cet article examine les stratégies des décideurs politiques pour cadrer la crise soi…
Framing immobility
The uncoordinated closing down of internal borders, lock-downs and quarantines have limited the freedom of movement in Europe as never before. How have EU institutions framed this unprecedented immobility and what lessons can be drawn for Schengen as a highly politicized instrument of governance? Adopting a social constructivist approach, we study how between March and July 2020, the European Commission, the European Parliament and the Council/Eu…
Preparatory Bodies as Mediators of Political Conflict in Trilogues
Trilogues have become ‘normal’ structures in European Union (EU) decision-making but their functioning, based on secluded decision-making, makes it difficult to understand how institutional positions are formed and managed and which actors are better positioned to influence policy outputs. These are, however, important questions because, first, a coherent position in trilogues (one that withstands the scrutiny of the Council) enhances the Europea…
Failing under the ‘shadow of hierarchy’
One of the main proposals to solve the ‘asylum crisis’ of 2015–2016 was to reform the Common European Asylum System (CEAS) and, in particular, the Dublin regime. However, the European Council conclusion of June 2018 exposed the failure to find an agreement on the CEAS reform. This article examines the conditions for policy failure – focusing on how crises affect inter-institutional negotiations and the role played by the European Parliament (EP) …
Eurosceptics in trilogue settings
Trilogues have been studied as sites of secluded inter-institutional decision making that gather the Council of the European Union, the European Parliament (EP) and the European Commission. Trilogues, however, are not exempt from formal and informal party-political dynamics that affect intra- and inter-institutional contestation. The increase in Eurosceptics in the 2014 EP elections offers an opportunity to investigate their efforts to shape the …
The European Parliament
Beyond venue shopping and liberal constraint
European Union (EU) asylum and immigration politics and policies have witnessed a major change since their communitarization in the early 2000s. Studies on EU migration, however, do not agree on the impact that EU institutions now have on policy outputs and outcomes. While some argue that supranational institutions are able to impose ‘liberal constraints’ on member states, other studies consider them unable to shift the ‘policy core’ of EU migrat…
A New Form of Delegation in EU Asylum
The malfunctioning of the Common European Asylum System can be traced back to the principle of responsibility established by the Dublin regime. To attenuate its problems, the EU has delegated regulatory competences to Frontex and the European Asylum Support Office (EASO), which have been given a ‘right to intervene’ in those Member States that put the system at risk. This article expands Majone's typologies of agents and trustees to explain why a…
Routledge Handbook of Justice and Home Affairs Research
Eroding Germany’s Commitment to Data Protection
A history of totalitarian governments and state surveillance appear to have made Germans sensitive towards the uses of personal data. Because of such concerns, Germany often acted as an obstacle to security measures requiring personal data at the EU level. However, there has been a recent sea-change in Germany over EU Passenger Name Records (EU-PNR), a measure that requires the personal data of airline passengers for security purposes. Many in Be…
The Communitarization of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice
This article proposes an explanation as to why institutional change – understood as more competences for the European Union's supranational institutions – has rarely led to policy change in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ). It draws attention to the constraints that newly empowered actors have faced in the wake of introducing the co‐decision procedure. If the key principles of a given AFSJ sub‐policy – its ‘policy core’ – were def…
The role of the European Parliament in international negotiations after Lisbon
After the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon, the European Parliament (EP) can give or withdraw its consent to most international agreements. This new scenario calls for theoretical models that help us to better understand the roles and strategies of European Union (EU) institutions in international negotiations. Departing from 'two-level-games' and principal–agent models, this article examines three interrelated elements (levels of negotia…
Policy Change in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice
Do supranational EU institutions make a difference? EU asylum law before and after ‘communitarization
This article examines whether the empowerment of the European Union's (EU) supranational institutions has had an impact on the development of EU asylum. By systematically investigating EU asylum law before and after 'communitarization', it argues that its 'policy core' has maintained a high degree of continuity. An advocacy coalition under the leadership of the interior ministers managed to co-opt pivotal actors in the newly empowered European Co…
The Communitarization of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice
This article proposes an explanation as to why institutional change – understood as more competences for the European Union's supranational institutions – has rarely led to policy change in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ). It draws attention to the constraints that newly empowered actors have faced in the wake of introducing the co‐decision procedure. If the key principles of a given AFSJ sub‐policy – its ‘policy core’ – were def…
The role of the European Parliament in international negotiations after Lisbon
After the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon, the European Parliament (EP) can give or withdraw its consent to most international agreements. This new scenario calls for theoretical models that help us to better understand the roles and strategies of European Union (EU) institutions in international negotiations. Departing from 'two-level-games' and principal–agent models, this article examines three interrelated elements (levels of negotia…
Perpetuating Crisis as a Supply Strategy
We still know very little of how populist governments behave as compared to mainstream governments in Council decision‐making. Studying the ‘crucial case’ of negotiations around refugee distribution in the EU, an issue which allows populists to mobilize both anti‐EU and anti‐immigrant sentiment, we demonstrate that populist governments differ from mainstream ones in three important ways: First, they reject formal and informal rules of Council dec…
A New Form of Delegation in EU Asylum
The malfunctioning of the Common European Asylum System can be traced back to the principle of responsibility established by the Dublin regime. To attenuate its problems, the EU has delegated regulatory competences to Frontex and the European Asylum Support Office (EASO), which have been given a ‘right to intervene’ in those Member States that put the system at risk. This article expands Majone's typologies of agents and trustees to explain why a…
Holding the European Parliament responsible
An increase in the European Parliament's (EP) powers is generally equated with more democratic and legitimate law-making. However, analysis of the Data Retention Directive – negotiated by means of both consultation and codecision – suggests that although the EP has been empowered under codecision its capacity to translate citizens' demands into democratic and transparent outputs has been reduced. Against expectations, the EP did not use its new v…
Framing immobility
The uncoordinated closing down of internal borders, lock-downs and quarantines have limited the freedom of movement in Europe as never before. How have EU institutions framed this unprecedented immobility and what lessons can be drawn for Schengen as a highly politicized instrument of governance? Adopting a social constructivist approach, we study how between March and July 2020, the European Commission, the European Parliament and the Council/Eu…
Beyond venue shopping and liberal constraint
European Union (EU) asylum and immigration politics and policies have witnessed a major change since their communitarization in the early 2000s. Studies on EU migration, however, do not agree on the impact that EU institutions now have on policy outputs and outcomes. While some argue that supranational institutions are able to impose ‘liberal constraints’ on member states, other studies consider them unable to shift the ‘policy core’ of EU migrat…
Eurosceptics in trilogue settings
Trilogues have been studied as sites of secluded inter-institutional decision making that gather the Council of the European Union, the European Parliament (EP) and the European Commission. Trilogues, however, are not exempt from formal and informal party-political dynamics that affect intra- and inter-institutional contestation. The increase in Eurosceptics in the 2014 EP elections offers an opportunity to investigate their efforts to shape the …
Failing under the ‘shadow of hierarchy’
One of the main proposals to solve the ‘asylum crisis’ of 2015–2016 was to reform the Common European Asylum System (CEAS) and, in particular, the Dublin regime. However, the European Council conclusion of June 2018 exposed the failure to find an agreement on the CEAS reform. This article examines the conditions for policy failure – focusing on how crises affect inter-institutional negotiations and the role played by the European Parliament (EP) …
Playing the Co-Decision Game? Rules’ Changes and Institutional Adaptation at the Libe Committee
The introduction of co-decision has transformed the European Parliament (EP), changing the patterns of behaviour inside the institution, especially its committees. The entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon extends the use of co-decision; thus, more EP committees will have to adapt to the new patterns of behaviour set out by the new decision-making rules. In order to understand how this process of adaptation occurs and what the consequences are…
Engaging the disengaged? Explaining the participation of Eurosceptic MEPs in trilogue negotiations
First published online: 07 January 2021 With higher levels of polarization in the European Parliament (EP), mainstream groups increasingly face the trade-off between engaging and dismissing Eurosceptic challenger parties. Therefore, this article proposes a model to understand the strategies of mainstream and Eurosceptic groups in legislative work. It uses content analysis of legislative amendments to explain under what conditions these two sets o…
EU free movement of people
The free movement of people (FMP) was one of the first victims of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. Calls for better coordination often remained unheard in the initial phase of hectic border closures and mostly resulted in soft EU recommendations. Nevertheless, most restrictions on the FMP were lifted after summer 2020 and could be largely avoided in later waves of the pandemic. We argue that the resilience of the FMP, a fundamental principle of t…
The EU’s refugee ‘crisis’
La "crise" des réfugiés a été présentée comme un échec de la politique d’asile de l’UE. Pourtant, de quel type d’échec parlons-nous en réalité ? S’agit-il d’un échec à faire face aux pressions extérieures qui ont vu le nombre de demandeurs d’asile augmenter considérablement ou plutôt d’un échec à mettre en place un système d’asile commun pleinement opérationnel ? Cet article examine les stratégies des décideurs politiques pour cadrer la crise soi…
Preparatory Bodies as Mediators of Political Conflict in Trilogues
Trilogues have become ‘normal’ structures in European Union (EU) decision-making but their functioning, based on secluded decision-making, makes it difficult to understand how institutional positions are formed and managed and which actors are better positioned to influence policy outputs. These are, however, important questions because, first, a coherent position in trilogues (one that withstands the scrutiny of the Council) enhances the Europea…
Co-decision in the European Parliament
This study uses rationalist and constructivist explanations of co-decision in the European Parliament (EP). It seeks to understand the change in the policy preferences of the EP during negotiations on the ‘Returns’ directive – dealing with the voluntary or compulsory return of irregular immigrants. This article shows that the introduction of co-decision contributed considerably to the EP’s change of stance on immigration policies. A long-standing…
One step forward, two steps back
Drawing on the Core State Power framework, this paper assesses Germany’s ambiguous role in EU asylum policies from signing of the Maastricht Treaty to the present. It demonstrates that Germany has neither taken on the role of a leader nor pursued any consistent course regarding the institutional setup or content of EU asylum policies. However, this does not mean that Germany does not have any preferences in this area. Overall, German governments …
Inside the black box of trilogues
n Contains fulltext :\n 229227.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)\n
Under Which Conditions Do Populist Governments Use Unpolitics in EU Decision-Making
Until recently, we knew very little about the role of populist governments in EU decision-making. The “crucial case” of refugee distribution within the EU demonstrated that their behaviour was ruled by unpolitics: they rejected formal and informal rules of decision-making if these were not conducive to their preferred outcome, they rejected traditional means of ensuring compromises, and they rejected solutions to perpetuate crises. However, to wh…
Framing Climate Policy Ambition in the European Parliament
The European Union’s climate policy is considered quite ambitious. This has led to a growing interest among political scientists investigating the European Parliament’s ability to negotiate such ambitious climate legislation. These studies generally focus on the voting behaviour of members of the European Parliament, which allows us to know more about their positions when it comes to accepting or rejecting legislative acts. However, we know surpr…
Eroding Germany’s Commitment to Data Protection
A history of totalitarian governments and state surveillance appear to have made Germans sensitive towards the uses of personal data. Because of such concerns, Germany often acted as an obstacle to security measures requiring personal data at the EU level. However, there has been a recent sea-change in Germany over EU Passenger Name Records (EU-PNR), a measure that requires the personal data of airline passengers for security purposes. Many in Be…
The New Pact on Migration and Asylum in a shifting political context
The New Pact on Migration and Asylum, adopted in May 2024, aims to reformthe Common European Asylum System (CEAS) through eight legislative filesthat address asylum, migration and border management. This profile articleargues that the difficulties experienced in closing the Pact led the EU to seeexternalization as a functional response to the refugee crisis, since it shiftedresponsibility away by delegating border and migration management to thir…
Resilient Institutions
The evolution of the inter-institutional balance of powers has been a constant feature of the European integration process. Therefore, this thematic issue reopens these theoretical and empirical discussions by looking at an underexploited angle of research, namely the impact of rule change on policy outputs. We offer a discussion on how to theorise rule change, actors’ behaviour, and their impact on policy outputs. We also examine the links betwe…
Setting Priorities
During the months leading to the end of the transitional period (January 2005), most academics and actors involved in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (ASFJ) expected the introduction of co-decision as the normal decision-making procedure in this area to change the balance between security and liberty. The involvement of the European Parliament as a co-legislator was thought to be a positive aspect, since this institution had persistentl…
Co-decision in the European Parliament
This study uses rationalist and constructivist explanations of co-decision in the European Parliament (EP). It seeks to understand the change in the policy preferences of the EP during negotiations on the ‘Returns’ directive – dealing with the voluntary or compulsory return of irregular immigrants. This article shows that the introduction of co-decision contributed considerably to the EP’s change of stance on immigration policies. A long-standing…
Playing the Co-Decision Game? Rules’ Changes and Institutional Adaptation at the Libe Committee
The introduction of co-decision has transformed the European Parliament (EP), changing the patterns of behaviour inside the institution, especially its committees. The entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon extends the use of co-decision; thus, more EP committees will have to adapt to the new patterns of behaviour set out by the new decision-making rules. In order to understand how this process of adaptation occurs and what the consequences are…
Holding the European Parliament responsible
An increase in the European Parliament's (EP) powers is generally equated with more democratic and legitimate law-making. However, analysis of the Data Retention Directive – negotiated by means of both consultation and codecision – suggests that although the EP has been empowered under codecision its capacity to translate citizens' demands into democratic and transparent outputs has been reduced. Against expectations, the EP did not use its new v…
The role of the European Parliament in international negotiations after Lisbon
After the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon, the European Parliament (EP) can give or withdraw its consent to most international agreements. This new scenario calls for theoretical models that help us to better understand the roles and strategies of European Union (EU) institutions in international negotiations. Departing from 'two-level-games' and principal–agent models, this article examines three interrelated elements (levels of negotia…
Policy Change in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice
Do supranational EU institutions make a difference? EU asylum law before and after ‘communitarization
This article examines whether the empowerment of the European Union's (EU) supranational institutions has had an impact on the development of EU asylum. By systematically investigating EU asylum law before and after 'communitarization', it argues that its 'policy core' has maintained a high degree of continuity. An advocacy coalition under the leadership of the interior ministers managed to co-opt pivotal actors in the newly empowered European Co…
The Communitarization of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice
This article proposes an explanation as to why institutional change – understood as more competences for the European Union's supranational institutions – has rarely led to policy change in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ). It draws attention to the constraints that newly empowered actors have faced in the wake of introducing the co‐decision procedure. If the key principles of a given AFSJ sub‐policy – its ‘policy core’ – were def…
Routledge Handbook of Justice and Home Affairs Research
Eroding Germany’s Commitment to Data Protection
A history of totalitarian governments and state surveillance appear to have made Germans sensitive towards the uses of personal data. Because of such concerns, Germany often acted as an obstacle to security measures requiring personal data at the EU level. However, there has been a recent sea-change in Germany over EU Passenger Name Records (EU-PNR), a measure that requires the personal data of airline passengers for security purposes. Many in Be…
The European Parliament
Beyond venue shopping and liberal constraint
European Union (EU) asylum and immigration politics and policies have witnessed a major change since their communitarization in the early 2000s. Studies on EU migration, however, do not agree on the impact that EU institutions now have on policy outputs and outcomes. While some argue that supranational institutions are able to impose ‘liberal constraints’ on member states, other studies consider them unable to shift the ‘policy core’ of EU migrat…
A New Form of Delegation in EU Asylum
The malfunctioning of the Common European Asylum System can be traced back to the principle of responsibility established by the Dublin regime. To attenuate its problems, the EU has delegated regulatory competences to Frontex and the European Asylum Support Office (EASO), which have been given a ‘right to intervene’ in those Member States that put the system at risk. This article expands Majone's typologies of agents and trustees to explain why a…
Preparatory Bodies as Mediators of Political Conflict in Trilogues
Trilogues have become ‘normal’ structures in European Union (EU) decision-making but their functioning, based on secluded decision-making, makes it difficult to understand how institutional positions are formed and managed and which actors are better positioned to influence policy outputs. These are, however, important questions because, first, a coherent position in trilogues (one that withstands the scrutiny of the Council) enhances the Europea…
Failing under the ‘shadow of hierarchy’
One of the main proposals to solve the ‘asylum crisis’ of 2015–2016 was to reform the Common European Asylum System (CEAS) and, in particular, the Dublin regime. However, the European Council conclusion of June 2018 exposed the failure to find an agreement on the CEAS reform. This article examines the conditions for policy failure – focusing on how crises affect inter-institutional negotiations and the role played by the European Parliament (EP) …
Eurosceptics in trilogue settings
Trilogues have been studied as sites of secluded inter-institutional decision making that gather the Council of the European Union, the European Parliament (EP) and the European Commission. Trilogues, however, are not exempt from formal and informal party-political dynamics that affect intra- and inter-institutional contestation. The increase in Eurosceptics in the 2014 EP elections offers an opportunity to investigate their efforts to shape the …
The EU’s refugee ‘crisis’
La "crise" des réfugiés a été présentée comme un échec de la politique d’asile de l’UE. Pourtant, de quel type d’échec parlons-nous en réalité ? S’agit-il d’un échec à faire face aux pressions extérieures qui ont vu le nombre de demandeurs d’asile augmenter considérablement ou plutôt d’un échec à mettre en place un système d’asile commun pleinement opérationnel ? Cet article examine les stratégies des décideurs politiques pour cadrer la crise soi…
Framing immobility
The uncoordinated closing down of internal borders, lock-downs and quarantines have limited the freedom of movement in Europe as never before. How have EU institutions framed this unprecedented immobility and what lessons can be drawn for Schengen as a highly politicized instrument of governance? Adopting a social constructivist approach, we study how between March and July 2020, the European Commission, the European Parliament and the Council/Eu…
Resilient Institutions
The evolution of the inter-institutional balance of powers has been a constant feature of the European integration process. Therefore, this thematic issue reopens these theoretical and empirical discussions by looking at an underexploited angle of research, namely the impact of rule change on policy outputs. We offer a discussion on how to theorise rule change, actors’ behaviour, and their impact on policy outputs. We also examine the links betwe…
One step forward, two steps back
Drawing on the Core State Power framework, this paper assesses Germany’s ambiguous role in EU asylum policies from signing of the Maastricht Treaty to the present. It demonstrates that Germany has neither taken on the role of a leader nor pursued any consistent course regarding the institutional setup or content of EU asylum policies. However, this does not mean that Germany does not have any preferences in this area. Overall, German governments …
Engaging the disengaged? Explaining the participation of Eurosceptic MEPs in trilogue negotiations
First published online: 07 January 2021 With higher levels of polarization in the European Parliament (EP), mainstream groups increasingly face the trade-off between engaging and dismissing Eurosceptic challenger parties. Therefore, this article proposes a model to understand the strategies of mainstream and Eurosceptic groups in legislative work. It uses content analysis of legislative amendments to explain under what conditions these two sets o…
Inside the black box of trilogues
n Contains fulltext :\n 229227.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)\n
Conclusions
This conclusion to the special issue reflects on the evolution of European integration since the early 1990s in order to better understand the contested origins of the Treaty of Lisbon and the consequences the latter have had for the EU's political system. It considers the various contributions of the special issue and shows how the Treaty emerged in an era of shifting cleavages, disputed steps towards a more political Union and rising populism. …
Framing Climate Policy Ambition in the European Parliament
The European Union’s climate policy is considered quite ambitious. This has led to a growing interest among political scientists investigating the European Parliament’s ability to negotiate such ambitious climate legislation. These studies generally focus on the voting behaviour of members of the European Parliament, which allows us to know more about their positions when it comes to accepting or rejecting legislative acts. However, we know surpr…
EU free movement of people
The free movement of people (FMP) was one of the first victims of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. Calls for better coordination often remained unheard in the initial phase of hectic border closures and mostly resulted in soft EU recommendations. Nevertheless, most restrictions on the FMP were lifted after summer 2020 and could be largely avoided in later waves of the pandemic. We argue that the resilience of the FMP, a fundamental principle of t…
Political science (26 obras) · European Union Policy and Governance (25 obras) · Law (21 obras) · Economics (20 obras) · Law (20 obras) · Politics (19 obras) · Political economy (16 obras) · Public Administration (15 obras) · Public Administration (15 obras) · European union (14 obras)