Lexical Frequency and the Realization of Italian Dental Affricates

Dados Bibliográficos

ID19487484
AutoresChiara Meluzzi (0000-0002-2291-006X, University of Milan, autor correspondente), Nicholas Nese (0000-0003-3234-2577, University of Milan)
Ano2026
Volume11
Fascículo5
Páginas87
Data de publicação2026-05-01
Peer ReviewedSim
Open AccessSim
TipoARTICLE
PeriódicoLanguages (JOURNAL)
Identificadores do periódicoISSN: 2226-471X • E-ISSN: 2226-471X
EditoraMDPI AG (PUBLISHER • IT)
DOI10.3390/languages11050087
OpenAlexW7160112700
IdiomaEN
Referências citadas36

This study investigates the phonetic variation in Italian dental affricates, focusing on the role of lexical frequency, phonological context, geographical origin, and speech style (read speech vs. collaborative dialogue). Previous research on lexically based phonetics has emphasised the link between item frequency and phonetic realisation; in this paper, we test these premises on a class of rare and marked sounds—dental affricates. A corpus of read sentences and map-task dialogues produced by northern and southern Italian speakers was analysed acoustically with respect to voicing and duration. Results show that phonological context and geographical origin are the primary determinants of voicing, with southern speakers favouring voiced realisations and word-initial position strongly conditioning voicing patterns. Lexical frequency does not significantly predict voicing category once between-speaker and between-item variability are appropriately modelled, but it does exert a positive effect on affricate duration: higher-frequency words contain relatively longer affricates, reflecting compensatory preservation of segmental identity within otherwise reduced words. Speech style significantly affects duration, with reading favouring longer realisations. These findings reveal a dissociation between categorical and gradient levels of phonetic variation, supporting usage-based models in which lexical frequency modulates fine-grained phonetic implementation rather than determining phonological categorisation

Categorical variable · Connected speech · Context (archaeology) · Phonetics · Realization (probability) · Style (visual arts) · Variation (astronomy) · Voice · Linguistic Studies and Language Acquisition · Linguistic Variation and Morphology · Phonetics and Phonology Research