Synopse populační genetiky evropského pravěku

Dějiny lidských populací (změny v počtu obyvatel a jejich původu) jsou jednou z domén biologické antropologie, resp. archeogenetiky. Za poslední desetiletí došlo k významnému rozvoji molekulárně-genetických a biostatistických postupů, jejichž prostřednictvím bylo možné rekonstruovat demografické změny minulých populací v nejrůznějších částech světa. V době, kdy se genetické postupy při rekonstrukci pravěku utvářely, jsme vycházeli z limitovaného množství vzorků a studia jen části lidské genetické variability. Dnes se ocitáme v éře genomiky, a měli bychom tedy mluvit spíše o archeogenomice, která pracuje s nepoměrně větším počtem dat a dosahuje mnohem spolehlivějších výsledků. Nepochybujeme ale o tom, že v následujícím období se bude rekonstrukce populačních dějin ještě přepisovat a doplňovat, např. i díky novým poznatkům v oblasti epigenomiky a mikrobiomu. V tomto příspěvku bychom chtěli přiblížit přístupnou formou současné výsledky genetických studií pravěku Evropy, jež spolu s kulturními dějinami vytvářejí ucelenější obraz naší sdílené, ale nikým nezapsané minulosti

Biology · Physics · Theology · Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease · Philosophy

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