South African Geographical Journal
Journal Data
| Type | JOURNAL |
|---|---|
| Publisher | Routledge (GB) |
| ISSN | 0373-6245 / 2151-2418 |
| Scopus | 13097 |
| Wikidata | Q7565695 |
| OpenAlex | S57293400 |
| Website | http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/rsag20/current |
| Total publications | 222 |
| Coverage period | 1919 - 2026 |
| Country | GB |
| Language | EN |
| Indexing | Scopus indexed |
| Cited by | 56 |
| Impact factor | 0.543 |
| SJR | 0.458 (Q2) |
| SNIP | 0.781 |
| CiteScore | 3.7 |
| h-index | 4 |
| i10-index | 2 |
| Female authorship share | 50.0% |
This journal focuses on geography, a broader social science discipline. While some subfields of geography, like human geography, can intersect with anthropology, a general geographical journal is not a central or closely cognate venue
Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) · Geography, Planning and Development · Aeolian processes and effects · African history and culture studies · African studies and sociopolitical issues · Archaeology and Rock Art Studies · Climate variability and models · Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management · Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research · Diverse Scientific and Economic Studies
Spatial temporal analysis of burn severity using Sentinel-2 satellite data in Aberdare Afromontane forest ranges, Kenya
This study evaluated commonly used Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) and Burned Area Index for Sentinel-2 (BAIS2) spectral indices in mapping burn severity using Sentinel-2 satellite data. We also compared the relationships of Field-Based Index (FBI) and Sentinel-2 derived severity indices. The study was carried out in Aberdare Ranges, a designated world heritage site. The Sentinel-2 data for 2017, 2019 and 2022 pre and post fire season were processed …
Perception of risks and threats among tourism operators: A protection motivation theory perspective on climate change resilience and adaptive strategies in eThekwini, South Africa
Coastal destinations are disproportionately vulnerable to climate-related risks and threats. A critical gap exists in understanding the psychological and behavioural drivers that shape adaptation decisions. Applying Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), this study investigates the perceptions, responses, and experiences of tourism operators regarding climate change in the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality, focusing on awareness, threats, adaptati…
The establishment and early history of the South African Geographical Society
The establishment and endurance of a learned society depend largely on its members. James Hutcheon’s idea of a learned geographical society in South Africa led to the establishment of the South African Geographical Society (SAGS) in July 1917. This research traces the history of the SAGS from when a geographical society was first mooted in 1914 through to its formation and up until 1923. It gives identity to the rank-and-file members who served o…
Political will and institutional reform as enablers of coherent disaster and climate risk governance in Sadc and beyond
The Southern African Development Community (SADC) region remains highly susceptible to the escalating impacts of climate-induced hazards, as intensifying droughts, floods, cyclones, epidemics, and ecosystem degradation continue to threaten lives and livelihoods. This growing vulnerability highlights the urgent imperative to integrate disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA) as complementary strategies for building resilie…
Informal repairers and refurbishers of electrical and electronic products in the South African township economy
This exploratory study investigates the largely unexamined role of 832 informal repairers and refurbishers of electrical and electronic products within 11 cities and towns in South Africa’s e-waste value chain. Positioned within the circular economy framework, which emphasizes reuse, recovery, and recycling, repairing and refurbishment, this research explored the role and activities of these informal workers, as part of the township economy. The …
Reframing malaria as a socio-environmental challenge: Urban green space, health equity, and the path to resilient urban futures in Ibadan, Nigeria
As cities in sub-Saharan Africa grow quickly, the unequal access to environmental resources has become a major hurdle for urban resilience and public health. This study looks at how unequal green spaces in the city affect malaria risk in Ibadan, Nigeria, which is one of the fastest-growing cities in the region and reflects broader trends in urbanization. Using a decade’s worth of spatial data and geospatial analysis, we explore the link between t…
Thermal stress risk to skateboarding in Johannesburg, South Africa
Skateboarding, an urban sport predominantly undertaken on heat-retentive impervious surfaces, exposes participants to a heightened thermal stress risk, exacerbated by the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. While heat stress in traditional sports is well-documented, a research gap exists concerning its impact in a less-traditional sports including skateboarding. This study, conducted at Tighy Park in Westdene, Johannesburg, investigates the intersect…
An ethnographic study of everyday resistance against conservation efforts in northern Zimbabwe
In southern Africa, the legacy of colonial conservation policies continues to alienate ethnic minorities from resources, leading to various forms of covert and overt resistance against conservation. Despite this, the resistance of these communities has received limited scholarly attention. This study addresses this gap by examining the subtle acts of resistance against conservation by the Tembo Mvura, who are former hunters and gatherers found on…
Spatial variations in perceptions, risks and impacts of Covid-19 in relation to socio-economic vulnerability in Gauteng, South Africa
This study aims to spatially characterise and explain the differences in people’s perceptions regarding the impact of COVID-19, based on socio-economic disparities in Gauteng using choropleth mapping and Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression (GWPR). Socio-economic factors such as race, education level, and age were spatially modelled to explain people’s perceptions of the effects of COVID-19. The results were spatially variable, and responde…
A comparative study of past and projected future dynamics of drought hazards across the districts of the Northern Cape Province, South Africa: Analysis of CRU TS4 data and Cordex-Africa RCM simulation…
Drought is among the most pressing natural disasters of the 21st century. The need for insights to support local decision-making in planning and mitigation is critical. The Northern Cape Province of South Africa is highly drought-prone, yet its historical and projected drought patterns are not well understood. Therefore, this study assessed past (1962–2022), near-future (2023–2050), and far-future (2051–2100) drought dynamics across its five dist…
Rules and regulations in eco-estates of Johannesburg, South Africa: Investigating their role in green governance and pro-environmental practices
This paper critically examines the eco-friendliness of South African eco-estates by analysing the sustainability-related language used in their governing documents. Although eco-estates are marketed as environmentally responsible developments, their rules and regulations often fail to reflect a genuine commitment to sustainability. Using word cloud analysis, the study investigates the presence and context of green terminology in governance framew…
Community-led development and community-based natural resource management: Best practice in Sub-Saharan Africa
Rural Community Development is a course of action aimed at developing communities and improving living standards. If steered by community members, then community development can leverage social networks, strengthen community organizations and foster community wellbeing. This study, therefore, traces the legacies of traditional and colonial natural resources management and community development CD) endeavours to reflect on the causes of regional d…
Informal second-hand tyre dealers’ management of used and waste tyres in the context of the South African township economy
The Industry Waste Tyre Management Plan, published by South Africa’s Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment in 2024, aimed to create an enabling environment for the collection and recycling of waste tyres in South Africa and the creation of a circular economy. A role player excluded in the waste tyre value chain is the informal waste tyre dealers dealing with used and waste tyres and operating as part of the township economy in Sou…
Shifting sands: The geopolitical impact of climate change on Africa’s resource conflicts
This study examines the complex relationships among climate change, resource scarcity, and conflict in Africa, focusing on the regions of Darfur, Lake Chad, and South Sudan. This highlights how climate change is a threat multiplier, intensifying socio-political challenges and worsening competition over vital resources such as water and arable land. Through a comparative analysis of these regions, this paper explores how environmental degradation,…
Mapping public art to explore the decolonization and Africanization of space in the inner city of Durban, South Africa
Decolonizing South African urban spaces is crucial, particularly in the context of the post-apartheid reconciliation process, and, given the recent resistance against colonial and apartheid symbols and memorials in many institutions in the country. Public arts, particularly in urban centres previously secluded from Black people, constitute one significant means of a decolonial process. In this paper, we adopted an interdisciplinary Spatial Humani…
Assessment of climate change knowledge of residents of informal sectors of Abuja Federal Capital City, Nigeria
Urban informal settlement dwellers face uncertainties from climate change (CC) and need to understand its causes and impacts to adapt effectively. Few studies explore their levels of CC knowledge. This research surveyed 388 purposively selected households across five informal sectors in Abuja, Nigeria (Apo, Gaduwa, Garki, Jabi, and Mabushi), using structured questionnaires. Key variables assessed for their influence on CC knowledge included age, …
Navigating change: A journey through curriculum review
This paper explores the curriculum review journey for the undergraduate BSc in Environmental and Resource Studies through a reflexive lens. Prompted by a 2022 self-evaluation review, this transformative experience sought to modernize a curriculum that remained unchanged since 2011. Stakeholder insights underscored the need for more science-based modules, curriculum decolonization, and updated learning outcomes and assessments. The review emphasiz…
Examining the impact of job location on violent crime: The study of South African metropolitan areas
The physical separation of people from economic activities creates spatial disparities, fragmentation, and unequal access to opportunities. Contemporary South Africa displays spatially divided communities. Affluent locations are socio-economically integrated with fewer crime activities, while poor communities are disintegrated from economic activities with high crime occurrences. The study explores the relationship between spatial mismatch and vi…
Fostering responsibility and commitment as tools in Geographical environmental education to reduce plastic pollution in rural schools in a South African context
Plastic litter is a major cause of environmental degradation in many rural schools in South Africa. To break down the barriers to practising sound environmental stewardship in their daily lives, a behaviour change is necessary in learners. This study used Community-Based Social Marketing Theory and an anti-litter education intervention at two rural schools as part of learning about sustainability during Geography lessons to bring about a change i…
A Feminist Political Ecology of household waste management in an urban township, South Africa
In the Global South, women disproportionately shoulder the burden of household waste management. Development Studies suggest that this persistent feminization of waste-related activities is rooted in cultural, social, and economic factors that confine women to private domestic spaces. Examining these gendered disparities within the intimate sphere of the home highlights issues of patriarchal power and female oppression. However, the intersections…
Impact of construction and demolition waste on wetlands
Due to rapid urbanization and population growth in recent years, the global construction sector has expanded significantly, accompanied by serious environmental challenges. One of the most pressing issues is the generation of construction and demolition waste (CDW), which is heterogeneous, widespread and voluminous. This article critically examines the effects of CDW on wetland ecosystems focusing on Diepsloot and Tembisa in Johannesburg and Ekur…
Comparative analysis of land use and land cover classification algorithms and future prediction in the transboundary Ruvu River Basin, Tanzania
Effective analysis of satellite imagery is crucial for understanding the spatiotemporal changes in land use and land cover (LULC) types within river basins. The current study aimed to compare the performance of three advanced classification algorithms for LULC changes and to predict using the output from the most effective method for the Ruvu River Basin. The algorithms evaluated were Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and K-Nearest Neighbour…
Factors influencing surface urban heat islands in the Okavango Delta, Botswana
The transformation of urban landscapes, driven by urbanization, rapid population growth, and anthropogenic activities, constitutes a pressing global concern. Such alterations give rise to a unique climatic phenomenon called the surface urban heat island effect. The present study focuses on Maun, emphasizing the importance of mapping and monitoring spatiotemporal alterations in the urban landscape. Employing remotely sensed data from Landsat 5 and…
Factors motivating community participation in the Bushbuckridge municipality in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa
Participation is a fundamental component of any community enrichment programme. Current knowledge and understanding about what motivates communities to participate in local community initiatives are however limited, especially in a South African context. This study aimed to identify the factors that motivates local community members to participate in the construction and running of early childhood development (ECD) centres in the Bushbuckridge mu…
User vulnerability challenges of informal transport in Zimbabwe: A gender perspective
While informal transport offers critical access to mobility, this study aims to understand the overlooked gendered vulnerabilities experienced by women in small towns. This study explores Mushikashika (informal transport) in Zimbabwe, using Chipinge town as the study area. Data were collected through 37 in-depth interviews with women commuters and analysed using thematic analysis. Key findings reveal that women face challenges related to safety, …
Race and Residence in Colonial Port Elizabeth
Port Elizabeth was founded and developed as a British colonial port. Although designed as a White settler town it housed a population which became increasingly complex in ethnic composition during the course of the nineteenth century. The indigenous population was only loosely integrated into the structure of the town and legislative and administrative measures were increasingly applied to segregate them residentially from the remainder of the po…
Reconstructing history, grounding claims to space: History, memory, and displacement in the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park
The recent creation of Mozambique's Limpopo National Park (LNP) and its integration into the larger Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park (GLTP) promise to effect profound political, social, and ecological changes. These range from removing sections of the international border fence and restocking wildlife in the LNP to the planned relocation of several thousand people living within the park. These transformations have inspired complex, conflicting ex…
The Berlin curse in Tanzania: (Re)making of the Selous World Heritage Property
Pervasive border-making processes continue to produce territories and new borders within independent African states. Yet, current African border scholarship does not pay enough attention to the ongoing colonial dominance in post-independence practices in sub-national borders. This paper examines both colonial and post-independence mechanisms that support the creation and governance of the Selous Game Reserve: a World Heritage Property of signific…
Geographies of empire: European empires and colonies c. 1880–1960
R. Butlin, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2009, 673 pp. (paperback), ISBN 978-0-521-74055-5 Published in the illustrious series ‘Cambridge studies in historical geography’, Robin Butlin's m
Communities and Transfrontier Parks in the Southern African Development Community: The Case of Limpopo National Park, Mozambique
The merger of three national parks—South Africa's Kruger, Mozambique's Limpopo and Zimbabwe's Gonarezhou—into an 89 000 km2 conservation area—the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park (GLTP)—is supposed to boost tourism, protect biodiversity and promote harmony between neighbouring states in southern Africa (De Villiers, 1999; Hanks, 2000; Rupert, 2001). Not one of the anticipated outcomes will be realized if the position or role of local communities …
Church, State and the Shelter of White Working-Class Women in Johannesburg Prior to World War Two
Hostel accommodation for the young white female manufacturing labour-force of Johannesburg was established in the inter- war years. While the state endorsed a policy of providing separate accommodation for single white women it was reticent to fund hostel construction. Intercession by concerned religious groups over the moral purity of urban migrants living in city slums resulted in the early construction of single quarters. Racial occupancy rest…
Urban Transport, Urban Form and Discrimination in Johannesburg
Successive transport epochs in Johannesburg are described with their contribution to the development of the city’s morphology. It is shown that political interest and capitalist accumulation have played an important rôle in allocating the benefits of transport to different ethnic and socio-economic groups in the city, and that discrimination in this regard is a long-standing phenomenon
The Variability Of The Southern African Standard Farm
The idea of a standard sized farm for distribution to pioneers in newly occupied areas was conceived in southern Africa in the early eighteenth century. The concept survived for nearly two hundred years, during which time it experienced many vicissitudes as it was applied to large portions of the subcontinent, south of the Zambezi River. Successive governments, both colonial and republican, applied the concept to varying environments, with differ…
Fulgurites from Witsands on the South-Eastern Borders of the Kalahari
Community Development Trust(s) in Botswana: Institutional Arrangements and Social Policy for Savanna Sustainability
The Chobe Enclave Conservation Trust (CECT) has numerous characteristics consistent with critical factors associated with successful development trusts. These basic characteristics include concern with sustainable community regeneration, the core values of mutuality and empowerment, and the acquisition of an asset base. Questions remain as to whether the characteristics are fully realised, particularly the extent of commitment to sustainability a…
Mauritian Settlers in South Africa: The Case of Sugarmill Artisans
Sugarmill artisans constituted a major proportion of Mauritian settlers in Natal before World War II. Many of these émigré artisans collectively and individually endured unfavourable discrimination. Historical sources and interviews have provided an insight into the conditions which they faced in Natal. It is also shown how after World War II the way of life which they had adopted began to erode as a distinct culture. This was a consequence of a …
Gully erosion susceptibility modelling to support avoided degradation planning
Restoration resources are usually limited and strategic information on and erosion susceptible areas are required to avoid further degradation. This study has potential in the Mzimvubu River Catchment, South Africa, where two large reservoirs are planned on the Tsitsa tributary. The Tsitsa River Catchment, however, consists of highly erodible soils with widespread gully erosion evident. It is important to prevent further gully erosion in the catc…
A century of human geography at Stellenbosch University: Reflections on urban and tourism geography
As part of a special edition of the South African Geographical Journal on the centenary of geography at the University of Stellenbosch, this paper briefly documents the evolution of human geography since 1920 in the department. The paper is structured in three sections. First, a brief account is given of the contribution by an era of Piet Serton, founding professor of the department. Second and third, accounts of the urban and tourism geography s…
Introduction to reflections on a century of geography at Stellenbosch University
This reflective paper, which introduces this special edition on a century of the Department of Geography and Environmental Studies at Stellenbosch University, begins by touching on two main features of the department since its inception, namely the fact that the department was founded mainly as a strong human geography department and the issue of Afrikaans as academic language. Then, brief descriptions are given of how the department is slowly ri…
An overview of trends in geographical publication at Stellenbosch University
The Department of Geography and Environmental Studies at Stellenbosch University is the oldest geography department in South Africa and celebrates its centenary in 2020. This paper provides insight into a range of publications that emanated from the department during that time. The presentation is periodized in three sections of review and analysis: the genesis of the department from 1920 up to 1947; the apartheid period of 1948 to 1993; and the …
The GIS revolution as Stellenbosch’s anchor identity
The use of geographical information systems (GISs) for making sense of geospatial data has a long history at Stellenbosch University’s Department of Geography and Environmental Studies and has become an anchor identity of the department. As part of the department’s centennial celebrations, this article reflects on the circumstances and events that contributed to the evolution of GIS at Stellenbosch University (SU) by highlighting some milestones …
Reflections on 100 years of geography at Stellenbosch University: The role of physical and environmental geography
The Department of Geography and Environmental Studies at Stellenbosch University boasts a long history of geography teaching and research. Notably, physical geography only gained traction in research only in the 1960s at Stellenbosch University and would again all but disappear from the research agenda of the department in the late 1990s and early 2000s, to be, in a sense, replaced by environmental geography. This continued until the mid 2010s, w…
Erosion studies on Mauritius: Overview and research opportunities
Mauritius is a Small Island Developing State (SIDS) with a high population density and increasing agricultural, urban and infrastructural demands, superimposed over limited physical resources. Soil and coastal erosion are recognized as an important environmental challenge facing the island. Here we review the studies on soil erosion over the past two decades and more recent advances in understanding the coastal erosion dynamics. Soil erosion stud…
Commemorating three decades of the Southern African association of geomorphologists
Studies on the geomorphology of southern African have a long history extending back to the pioneering work in the early parts of the 20th Century by Dixey, Wellington and King, amongst others (see
The relationship between barchan size and barchan morphology: A case study from Northern Namibia
Landform allometry has been a topic of inquiry since at least the 1970s. In this study, the presence of allometry is investigated for a barchan dunefield in northern Namibia. Using a combination of traditional morphometric parameters and techniques borrowed from geometric morphometrics it is shown that barchan allometry is present. This allometry is a combination of positive and negative allometry. Barchans show a definite change in mean shape as…
A closer look at mineral aerosol emissions from the Makgadikgadi Pans, Botswana, using automated SEM-EDS (QEMSCAN®)
This paper demonstrates the use of Quantitative Evaluation of Minerals by SCANning electron microscopy (QEMSCAN®), an automated scanning microscopy technique, which combines scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), providing ultra-fast analysis of particle grains at a micron-scale resolution. We evaluate its application in aerosol studies by comparing surface and airborne samples from the Makgadikgadi Pan in Bo…
Earth science research on Marion Island (1996–2020): A synthesis and new findings
Marion Island is a peak of a shield volcano located in the southern Indian Ocean. The island is strategically important for the collection of climatological data and marine and terrestrial research in a vast, oceanic region of the globe. This paper reviews the series of earth science programmes on Marion Island over the last 25 years, provides a synthesis of the research outcomes and demonstrates how field and laboratory methods have developed ov…
A review of sediment fingerprinting for erosion hotspot assessment in southern Africa
Sediment fingerprinting techniques are increasingly utilized across the globe to identify and quantify sources of sediment in catchments to assist adequate management and rehabilitation strategies. The technique generally includes classifying source groups, sampling sediment sources and sink zones, analysing tracers and applying statistical analyses to discriminate and quantify the contribution from sources. Although sediment fingerprinting has b…
Mapping the impacts of cyclone Idai in Mozambique using Sentinel-2 and Obia approach
Cyclones are some of the most devastating natural disasters that cause major losses of life and property. A few months after Cyclone Idai swept through Beira, Mozambique between 4 and 20 March 2019. An analysis is presented on the impacts of this disaster by assessing the extent of the floods. This study employed Sentinel-2 imagery and remote sensing techniques including a threshold analysis and an object‐based image analysis (OBIA) approach. Wat…
Invasiveness of biofuel crops: Implications for energy research and policy in Botswana
In developed countries, biofuel development was largely driven by a desire to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and increasing energy security, whereas in developing countries, in addition to energy security, the quest for rural development and employment creation incited an interest in biofuel production. Notwithstanding the benefits of biofuels, there are reservations about their potential invasiveness. These concerns stem from the fact tha…
The role of community participation in solid waste management in Sub-Saharan Africa: A study of Orlando East, Johannesburg, South Africa
Solid waste management (SWM) is a challenge in poor urban neighbourhoods in sub-Saharan African cities. It is in this perspective that this paper examines the role of community participation in SWM in Orlando East, Johannesburg, South Africa. Using a qualitative research methodology inspired by the traditional participatory research approach, the results of this study suggest that the residents of Orlando East are aware of the problems of SWM. Ho…
Optimizing SIA: Discourses in South African SIA and DRA practice
Social Impact Assessment (SIA) is recognized as a valuable component of environmental management, yet it has been neglected internationally and in South Africa. Disaster Risk Assessment (DRA), is identified as a complimentary activity to SIA, that due to its shared focus on community wellbeing, has the potential for integration with and enhancement of SIA. The integration of SIA and DRA is a new, but poorly researched trend in South Africa, which…
Obituary – Professor Keith Beavon (1937-2021)
"Obituary – Professor Keith Beavon (1937-2021)." South African Geographical Journal, 103(3), pp. 422–423
Blurring the boundaries between ‘urban’ and ‘rural’: Oral route directions and the invention of street names in Ulco and Delportshoop
Oral semiotic resources used by individuals for wayfinding purposes have not received sufficient attention in linguistic landscape (LL) studies. In a bid to contribute to this neglected area, this paper explores oral route directions and the invention of street names in two rural places – Ulco and Delportshoop. Drawing on conceptual frameworks from cognitive geography, this paper uses linguistic landscape photographic material, interview data and…
Building neighbourhood-level resilience to crime: The case of Khayelitsha, South Africa
South Africa is crippled with high rates of crime. Examining factors that may build neighbourhood-level resilience to crime is central to reducing the poverty gap and lowering inequality particularly in impoverished communities. By drawing on theories from environmental criminology in this study we quantify and spatially locate resilient neighbourhoods in the township of Khayelitsha located on the urban periphery of Cape Town in South Africa. We …
Obituary – Professor A.J. Christopher (1939-2021)
"Obituary – Professor A.J. Christopher (1939-2021)." South African Geographical Journal, 103(3), pp. 420–421
Towards quantifying climate suitability for Zimbabwean nature-based tourism
Climate and weather are key resources for tourism. For nature-based tourism, weather determines the timing and variety of activities, while longer-term climate affects the seasonality of both tourism arrivals and the natural environment tourists will experience. This influence is heightened in developing countries, where little adaptation has been implemented to ameliorate unfavourable climate and extreme weather events. The Tourism Climatic Inde…
The use of the routine activities theory on policing informal settlements in the Global South
Countries such as Latin America, Asia and Africa in the Global South are characterized by the prevalence of informal settlements, where policing is very challenging. Empirical research in an informal settlement in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) highlighted these challenges which included a lack of infrastructure and roads. Accurate geospatial data are required to timeously identify crime hotspots and, when three (03) elements of the Routine Activities Theor…
Sensitivity of a standard Land Use Cover change cellular automata model to resample input Land Use Cover maps
Input data is one of the main sources of uncertainty in Land Use Cover Change (LUCC) modelling. Research has focussed on the sensitivity of LUCC models to the spatial resolution of Land Use Cover (LUC) maps. However, little attention has been paid to the way that spatial resolution is changed. Both the spatial resolution and the resampling method change the modelled landscape composition and configuration. This may affect the way Cellular Automat…
Curriculum alignment at undergraduate level: Military geography at the South African Military Academy
The importance of Military Geography in the curricula of military academies cannot be overemphasized, because geography plays a significant role during military operations of any nature. Military Geography encompasses various social science sub-fields, among others political science, military history, military strategy and military intelligence. It should therefore be recognized as a force multiplier in terms of educating military students and as…
Accidental wetlands - A southern African case study from the Kgaswane Mountain Reserve, Rustenburg
Wetlands form part of a diverse range of habitats and play an important role in the ecology and hydrological cycle but are amongst the most threatened ecological systems. It is therefore critical to understand the hydrology of wetlands, and their contributing water sources in particular, to ensure appropriate management of these systems. Land use activities not only alter the runoff characteristics of catchments, but also often result in modified…