Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

The Color of Neoliberal Reform

A Critical Race Policy Analysis of School District Takeovers in Michigan

Bibliographic Data

ID10856470
AuthorsJames Wright (0009-0008-3205-8916), Taeyeon Kim (0000-0002-5285-4767, San Diego State University, CA, USA, corresponding author), Ronald W Whitaker (Cabrini University, Radnor, PA, USA), Muhammad Khalifa (0000-0002-3100-9353, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA), Felecia Briscoe (The University of Texas at San Antonio, TX, USA), Felecia M Briscoe (The University of Texas at San Antonio)
Year2020
Volume55
Issue3
Pages424-447
Publication date2020-03-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueUrban Education (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0042-0859 • E-ISSN: 1552-8340
PublisherSAGE Publications (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/0042085918806943
OpenAlexW2902924126
LanguageEN
Citations received22
References cited41

This critical case study analyzes Michigan’s implementation of Public Act 4 (PA4), also known as the emergency management (EM) takeover law. PA4 grants the state control of school districts with dire budgetary problems. As most U.S. school districts are citywide, PA4 gives the state direct control over all the (previously locally controlled) schools in Detroit. We use tenets from critical race theory (CRT) and components from critical policy analysis (CPA) and offer a critical race policy analysis (CRPA) to explore racial power and privilege enacted by PA4, imposed upon Detroit

Control (management) · Critical race theory · Economics · Management · Physics · Political science · Power (physics) · Privilege (computing) · Race (biology) · Racism · Sociology · State (computer science) · Critical Race Theory in Education · Education Discipline and Inequality · Gender Studies · Law · Public Administration · Race, History, and American Society

  • Advancing socially just and anti-racist approaches for school attendance problems

    Open Access•Christopher A Kearney, Kinsey Ellis et al.•Social Sciences & Humanities Open•2026

  • The Democratization of Educational Care

    Dana Nickson•Equity & Excellence in Education•2021

  • A Gap in Culturally Responsive Classroom Management Coverage? A Critical Policy Analysis of States’ School Discipline Policies

    Open Access•John A Williams Iii, Cheryl Mallant et al.•Educational Policy•2023

  • Reform for “These” Kids

    Open Access•Matthew S McCluskey, Madhu Narayanan et al.•Educational Policy•2026

  • “All Students Matter”

    Open Access•Eric R Felix, Denisa Gándara et al.•Teachers College Record The Voice…•2024

  • The Deep Roots of Inequity

    Open Access•James Wright, Taeyeon Kim•Educational Administration…•2022

  • Cooperation or conquest

    Open Access•David Osworth•Power and Education•2024

  • Educators as decolonial intellectuals

    Michael V Singh, Zeus Leonardo•Critical Studies in Education•2023

  • The right kind of leader”

    Kevin L Clay, Andrene Castro et al.•Race Ethnicity and Education•2025

  • Livonia is just all racism”

    Dana Nickson•Race Ethnicity and Education•2024

  • Prepare yourself for the change”

    David Osworth•International Journal of…•2025

  • Planning, participation, and power in a shrinking city

    Gregory B Markus, Amy Krings•Journal of Urban Affairs•2020

  • What’s Happening Brother? A Critical Policy Discourse Analysis of the Neoliberal Ideological Foundations of My Brother’s Keeper

    Open Access•Jeremy Divinity•The Urban Review•2025

  • Racist norms until interests converge

    Taeyeon Kim•Journal of Educational…•2023

  • Uncommon or too common? The discursive diffusion and transformation of charter edupreneurial policy ideas

    Matthew S McCluskey, Madhu Narayanan•Journal of Education Policy•2025

  • We’ve Been Had

    Open Access•Erin T Miller, Samuel Jaye Tanner et al.•Urban Education•2024

  • Déjà Vu

    Open Access•J Grace•Urban Education•2025

  • Goals, Rhetoric, and (In)Equity

    Open Access•Sarah Diem, Catherine Sampson et al.•Urban Education•2023

  • Coded Racialized Discourse Among Educators

    Open Access•Olivia Marcucci, Rowhea Elmesky et al.•Urban Education•2024

  • Emotional Impact of State Takeovers

    Open Access•Madelyn G Yoo, Madelyn Yoo et al.•Education and Urban Society•2026

  • Falling into the gap

    Open Access•J Wright, Taeyeon Kim•Discourse Studies in the Cultural…•2023

  • Nothing about us without us

    Open Access•Camille M Wilson, Dana Nickson et al.•Qualitative Research•2023

  • Researching education policy

    Barry Troyna, David Halpin•Researching education policy•1994

  • Silent Covenants

    Derrick Bell•Silent Covenants•2004

  • Race, Charter Schools, and Conscious Capitalism

    Open Access•Kristen L Buras, Kristen Buras•Harvard Educational Review•2011

  • Case Study Research

    Harris Chaiklin•The Journal of Nervous and Mental…•1991

  • Whiteness as Property

    Cheryl I Harris•Harvard Law Review•1993

  • Racial Situations

    J Hartigan•Racial Situations•2000

  • The warmth of other suns

    Isabel Wilkerson•Choice Reviews Online•2011

  • Geographies of Postcolonialism

    Joanne P Sharp, Joanne Sharp•Geographies of Postcolonialism•2009

  • Systemic Racism

    Joe R Feagin•Systemic Racism•2006

  • Making face, making soul

    Open Access•Gloria Anzaldúa•Making face, making soul•1990

  • The influence of values and policy vocabularies on understandings of leadership effectiveness

    Bradley W Carpenter, Sarah Diem et al.•International Journal of…•2014

  • Can Blacks be racists? Black-on-Black principal abuse in an urban school setting

    Muhammad Khalifa•International Journal of…•2014

  • Popular Culture in the Age of White Flight

    Open Access•Eric Avila•Journal of Urban History•2004

  • Turnaround” as Shock Therapy

    Open Access•Allen W Johnson, Amanda Walker Johnson•Urban Education•2013

  • Why Are Studies of Neighborhoods and Communities Central to Education Policy and Reform

    Open Access•Rodney Hopson•Urban Education•2014

  • Guidance Matters

    Open Access•Bradley W Carpenter, Sarah Diem•Urban Education•2015

  • Dismantling Racism in Public Schools Using Critical Race Theory and Whiteness Studies

    Open Access•David Aguayo•Urban Education•2019

  • Community Schools as Urban District Reform

    Open Access•Tina M Trujillo, Tina Trujillo et al.•Urban Education•2014

  • Inner-City Education in Times of Transition

    Open Access•Kofi Lomotey, H R Milner•Urban Education•2012

  • The Origins of the Urban Crisis

    Ross Miller, Thomas J Sugrue•Journal of American History•1998

  • The Achievement Gap and the Discipline Gap

    Open Access•Andrea Gregory, Anne Gregory et al.•Educational Researcher•2010

  • The New Jim Crow

    M M Alexander, Michelle Alexander•New Jim Crow•2020

  • Whiteness and Critical Pedagogy

    Ricky Lee Allen•Educational Philosophy and Theory•2004

  • A Brief History of Neoliberalism

    Tugrul Keskin•Societies Without Borders•2009

  • Critical race theory

    Richard Delgado, Jean Stefancic•Critical race theory•2001

  • Race, Culture, and Researcher Positionality

    Open Access•H R Milner•Educational Researcher•2007

  • Positioning

    Open Access•B Davies, Rom Harré•Journal for the Theory of Social…•1990

  • Education policy as an act of white supremacy

    David Gillborn•Journal of Education Policy•2005

  • The Multicultural Wars

    Hazel V Carby•Radical History Review•1992

  • Critical Race Methodology

    Open Access•Daniel G Solorzano, Tara J Yosso•Qualitative Inquiry•2002

Unique citing works22
Citations per year3,67
Citation span2020 - 2026 (7)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 22

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae