Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Reducing Self-Stigma by Coming Out Proud

Bibliographic Data

ID11030802
AuthorsPatrick W Corrigan (0000-0001-7405-4173, Patrick W. Corrigan is with the Illinois Institute of Technology College of Psychology and Kristin A. Kosyluk is with the Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago. Nicolas Rüsch is with the Department of General and Social Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland.), Kristin A Kosyluk (0000-0002-9478-3506, Patrick W. Corrigan is with the Illinois Institute of Technology College of Psychology and Kristin A. Kosyluk is with the Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago. Nicolas Rüsch is with the Department of General and Social Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland.), N Rusch (0000-0003-4543-1560, Patrick W. Corrigan is with the Illinois Institute of Technology College of Psychology and Kristin A. Kosyluk is with the Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago. Nicolas Rüsch is with the Department of General and Social Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland.)
Year2013
Volume103
Issue5
Pages794-800
Publication date2013-05-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueAmerican Journal of Public Health (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0090-0036 • E-ISSN: 1541-0048
PublisherAmerican Public Health Association (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.2105/ajph.2012.301037
PMID23488488
PMCIDPMC3698841
OpenAlexW2027302472
LanguageEN
Citations received80
References cited96

Self-stigma has a pernicious effect on the lives of people with mental illness. Although a medical perspective might discourage patients from identifying with their illness, public disclosure may promote empowerment and reduce self-stigma. We reviewed the extensive research that supports this assertion and assessed a program that might diminish stigma’s effect by helping some people to disclose to colleagues, neighbors, and others their experiences with mental illness, treatment, and recovery. The program encompasses weighing the costs and benefits of disclosure in deciding whether to come out, considering different strategies for coming out, and obtaining peer support through the disclosure process. This type of program may also pose challenges for public health research

Environmental health · Family medicine · Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) · Psychiatry · Social stigma · Stigma (botany) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development · Homelessness and Social Issues · Medicine · Mental Health Treatment and Access · Psychology

  • O estigma da doença mental

    Open Access•Jorge Calvario Dos Santos, Jussara Carvalho dos Santos•2013

  • A minority stress perspective on transgender individuals’ experiences with misgendering

    Kevin A McLemore•Stigma and Health•2016

  • HIV-related stigmatization and medication adherence

    Open Access•Luke D Mitzel, Peter A Vanable et al.•Stigma and Health•2018

  • Stigma resistance at the personal, peer, and public levels

    Ruth L Firmin, Lauren Luther et al.•Stigma and Health•2016

  • Factors associated with mental health disclosure outside of the workplace

    Tom Grice, Kat Alcock et al.•Stigma and Health•2017

  • The effects of peer support on empowerment, self-efficacy, and internalized stigma

    Éilish Burke, Eilish M Burke et al.•Stigma and Health•2018

  • Intervention mapping as a guide to developing, implementing, and evaluating stigma reduction interventions

    Sarah E Stutterheim, Yvonne L van der Kooij et al.•Stigma and Health•2023

  • Self-stigma and empowerment as mediating mechanisms between ingroup perceptions and recovery among people with mental illness

    Randolph C H Chan, Winnie W S Mak et al.•Stigma and Health•2017

  • A mixed-methods study of social identities in mental health care among LGBTQ young adults of color

    K L Moore, David Camacho et al.•American Journal of Orthopsychiatry•2021

  • Accomplishments of 77 VA mental health professionals with a lived experience of mental illness

    Jeffrey E Boyd, Antonette M Zeiss et al.•American Journal of Orthopsychiatry•2016

  • Interventions targeting mental health self-stigma

    Philip T Yanos, Alicia Lucksted et al.•Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal•2015

  • The Impact of Mental Illness Stigma on Seeking and Participating in Mental Health Care

    Open Access•Patrick W Corrigan, Benjamin G Druss et al.•Psychological Science in the…•2014

  • Evaluating factors and interventions that influence help-seeking and mental health service utilization among suicidal individuals

    Open Access•Melanie A Hom, Ian H Stanley et al.•Clinical Psychology Review•2015

  • The future of mental health care

    Open Access•John A Naslund, Kelly A Aschbrenner et al.•Epidemiology and Psychiatric…•2016

  • Examining Effects of Anticipated Stigma, Centrality, Salience, Internalization, and Outness on Psychological Distress for People with Concealable Stigmatized Identities

    Open Access•Diane M Quinn, Michelle K Williams et al.•PLoS ONE•2014

  • Peer Support in Mental Health

    Open Access•Reham Shalaby, Vincent I O Agyapong•JMIR Mental Health•2020

  • Stigma Management of Mental Illness

    Marta Elliott, Michael J Doane•Self and Identity•2015

  • Stigma

    Open Access•Jorge Calvario Dos Santos, Jussara C Santos et al.•Global Qualitative Nursing Research•2016

  • Self-stigma and cognitive insight in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis

    Open Access•B Esther Sportel, Mirjam van Enthoven et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2023

  • Self-Stigma, Secrecy, and Disclosure Among Chinese with Serious Mental Illness

    Open Access•Sang Qin, Lindsay Sheehan et al.•International Journal of Mental…•2023

  • Addressing stigma within the dissemination of research products to improve quality of care for pregnant and parenting people affected by substance use disorder

    Open Access•M B Lipsett, Megan Lipsett et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2023

  • Bağimlilik Türleri̇ni̇n Kültürlerarasi Temsi̇li̇

    Open Access•Abdurrahman Özdemir, Orhun Türker•The Turkish Online Journal of…•2026

  • Design and stigma

    Open Access•Yago Weschenfelder Rodrigues, Fabio Feltrin•PerCursos•2023

  • Leveraging the Strengths of Psychologists With Lived Experience of Psychopathology

    Open Access•Sarah E Victor, Jessica L Schleider et al.•Perspectives on Psychological…•2022

  • Using Motivational Interviewing to Support the Coming Out Process

    Open Access•Briana L Mcgeough•Families in Society The Journal…•2020

  • “We’re Not Miracle Workers”

    Open Access•Kathryn Bocanegra, Nathan Aguilar•Families in Society The Journal…•2024

  • Mental Health Disclosure in Social Work Education

    Jennifer Charles, Jennifer L K Charles et al.•Journal of Social Work Education•2025

  • Tweeting about mental health to honor Carrie Fisher

    Open Access•Sejung Park, Cynthia A Hoffner•Computers in Human Behavior•2020

  • Discrimination, Social Support, and Identity Development in Relation to Career Agency Among LGB Emerging Adults

    Open Access•Jeongeun Park•Journal of Adolescence•2026

  • Life unites us

    Open Access•Erika Bonnevie, Övgü Kaynak et al.•Health Education Journal•2022

  • Coping With Information Style, Self‐Concealment, Internalized Stigma, and Family Burden Among Parents of Children With Psychiatric Disorders

    Open Access•Shir Sefi, Gal Shoval et al.•Family Process•2021

  • Disclosure Style and Response Engagement During Disclosures of Concealable Stigmatized Identities

    Open Access•Rebecca Cipollina, Diana T Sanchez et al.•Social Psychological and…•2022

  • Gender and Ability Oppressions Shaping the Lives of College Students

    Annemarie Vaccaro, Melanie N Lee et al.•Journal of Women and Gender in…•2020

  • Stigmatizing attributions towards depression among South Asian and Caucasian college students

    Natasha Thapar-Olmos, Hector F Myers•International Journal of Culture…•2017

  • Bisexual Identity in the Context of Parenthood

    Elizabeth Bartelt, Jessamyn Bowling et al.•Journal of Bisexuality•2017

  • Affected Family Members’ Communicative Management of Opioid Misuse Stigma

    Open Access•Sydney O’shay, Emily Pasman et al.•Journal of Family Communication•2023

  • Identity Management and Community Belonging

    Open Access•A Toft•Sexuality & Culture•2020

  • Transgender Dispossession in Transparent

    Open Access•Steven Funk, Jaydi Funk•Sexuality & Culture•2016

  • With all due respect, you are a bunch of sociopaths”

    Open Access•Marta Consuegra‐fernández, Emilia Castaño et al.•Discourse & Society•2025

  • From tragedy to advocacy

    H M Kim, Soojong Kim•Information Communication & Society•2026

  • Suspended transitions and affective orderings

    Open Access•Giazú Enciso-Domínguez, Giazú Enciso Domínguez et al.•Theory & Psychology•2017

  • Development and Evaluation of the Atheist Identity Concealment Scale (Aics)

    Open Access•Paul E Yeatts, Dena Abbott et al.•Journal of Religion and Health•2022

  • Establishing partnerships with people with lived experience of mental illness for stigma reduction in low- and middle-income settings

    Open Access•Gurucharan Bhaskar Mendon, Dristy Gurung et al.•Cambridge Prisms Global Mental…•2024

  • Sexual Migration and HIV Risk in a Sample of Brazilian, Colombian and Dominican Immigrant MSM Living in New York City

    Open Access•Karen Nieves-Lugo, Andrew P Barnett et al.•Journal of Immigrant and Minority…•2018

  • Disclosing recovery in academia

    Open Access•Victoria Burns, Isaac Wright et al.•Addiction Research & Theory•2025

  • Randomized Controlled Trial of Expanded Coming Out Group on Reducing Self-Stigma of Schizophrenia People

    Open Access•Petrus Ng, Renee Chiu et al.•Research on Social Work Practice•2025

  • Behind Closed Doors

    Open Access•Lindsay Sheehan, Patrick W Corrigan et al.•OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying•2016

  • Understanding the Relationship Between Peer Support and Grief/Growth in Chinese Shidu Parents

    Open Access•Ningning Zhou, Fei Ren et al.•OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying•2023

  • Canadian Sex Workers Weigh the Costs and Benefits of Disclosing Their Occupational Status to Health Providers

    Open Access•Cecilia Benoit, Michaela Smith et al.•Sexuality Research and Social…•2018

  • I’m Out Here Living My Best Life. Hallelujah on Being Queer!”

    Open Access•Skyler J Morgan•Sexuality Research and Social…•2025

  • Gender Differences in the Relationship Between Coming Out As LGB to Family and Depression in South Korea

    Open Access•Heeyoung Lee, Seong-Jo Jeong•Society and Mental Health•2025

  • Extending the Minority Stress Model to Understand Mental Health Problems Experienced by the Autistic Population

    Open Access•Monique Botha, D M Frost•Society and Mental Health•2020

  • Anti-atheist discrimination, outness, and psychological distress among atheists of colour

    Dena Abbott, Michael S Ternes et al.•Mental Health Religion & Culture•2020

  • An idiographic analysis of women’s accounts of living with mental health conditions in Haredi Jewish communities

    Charlotte Whiteley, Adrian Coyle et al.•Mental Health Religion & Culture•2017

  • Reducing internalized HIV stigma with Intervention Mapping

    Sarah E Stutterheim, Yvonne L van der Kooij et al.•AIDS Care•2026

  • Patterns of Perceived Hostility and Identity Concealment among Self-Identified Atheists

    Open Access•Jacqui Frost, C P Scheitle et al.•Social Forces•2023

  • I dodged the stigma bullet’

    Cecilia Benoit, Renay Maurice et al.•Culture Health & Sexuality•2020

  • Recovery capital and collaborative theatre making

    Dani Snyder-Young, Angelica Houston et al.•Research in Drama Education The…•2022

  • You are not clean until you're not on anything”

    Open Access•Emma L Richard, Christine A Schalkoff et al.•International Journal of Drug…•2020

  • Online Support Groups for Depression in China

    Open Access•Renwen Zhang, Jordan Eschler et al.•Computer Supported Cooperative…•2018

  • They’d already made their minds up’

    Open Access•Suzanne Wilson, Kim Mcguire•British Journal of Sociology of…•2021

  • Gender differences in the processes linking public stigma and self‐disclosure among college students with mental illness

    Open Access•Robyn Lewis Brown, Mairead Eastin Moloney et al.•Journal of Community Psychology•2018

  • The nuances of “the social cure” for people who experience psychosis

    Open Access•Lorna I Hogg, Laura G E Smith et al.•European Journal of Social…•2022

  • Disclosure in Cystic Fibrosis

    Open Access•Shirli Werner, Ayana Halpern et al.•Journal of Social Issues•2019

  • Ableism Special Issue Introduction

    Open Access•Kathleen R Bogart, Dana S Dunn•Journal of Social Issues•2019

  • Atheism as a Concealable Stigmatized Identity

    Open Access•Dena Abbott, Debra Mollen•The Counseling Psychologist•2018

  • Predicting Self-Esteem and Intentions to Seek Counseling

    Open Access•Daniel G Lannin, David L Vogel et al.•The Counseling Psychologist•2014

  • Vicarious Stigma and Self-Stigma Experienced by Parents of Children with Mental Health and/or Neurodevelopmental Disorders

    Open Access•Marisa D Serchuk, Patrick W Corrigan et al.•Community Mental Health Journal•2021

  • Unlinking Prostitution and Sex Trafficking

    Open Access•Cecilia Benoit, Michaela Smith et al.•Archives of Sexual Behavior•2019

  • Distinguishing but not defining

    Open Access•Amin Ghaziani, A Holmes•Theory and Society•2023

  • The 'Own' and the 'Wise

    Fred E Markowitz, Douglas J Engelman•Deviant Behavior•2017

  • Anticipated Stigma and Self-Racialization

    Alexandra Hamada, Han Guel Jung et al.•Deviant Behavior•2022

  • Negotiating Space

    Charmane M Perry•Diaspora A Journal of Transnational…•2024

  • Intersectional internalized stigma among Black gay and bisexual men

    Open Access•Valerie A Earnshaw, Natalie M Reed et al.•Journal of Health Psychology•2021

  • Experiences of weight stigma in everyday life

    Open Access•Lindsey Potter, Anthony Meadows et al.•Journal of Health Psychology•2021

  • If not me, who

    Open Access•Emily F Plackowski, Kathleen R Bogart•Qualitative Health Research•2023

  • Mothers' Decisions to Disclose or Conceal Their Child's Mental Health Disorder

    Open Access•Kim Eaton, Jeneva L Ohan et al.•Qualitative Health Research•2017

  • Competing perspectives on erasing the stigma of illness

    Open Access•Patrick W Corrigan, Mandy W M Fong•Social Science & Medicine•2014

  • I Didn't Want the Psychotic Thing to Get Out to Anyone at All

    Open Access•Dea Gowers Klauber, Sofie Heidenheim Christensen et al.•Culture Medicine and Psychiatry•2024

  • Seeking support via mediated channels

    Open Access•David A Lee, M Cruz et al.•Journal of Social and Personal…•2024

  • The Roots of the Recovery Movement in Psychiatry

    L Davidson, Jaak Rakfeldt et al.•The Roots of the Recovery…•2010

  • Handbook of Social Psychology

    Daniel Todd Gilbert, Gardner Lindzey et al.•Handbook of Social Psychology•2012

  • On the stigma of mental illness

    Patrick W Corrigan•On The Stigma Of Mental Illness•2005

  • Stigma and disclosure

    Patrick W Corrigan, Patrick Corrigan et al.•Journal of Mental Health•2003

  • The Impact of Illness Identity on Recovery from Severe Mental Illness

    Philip T Yanos, D Roe et al.•American Journal of Psychiatric…•2010

  • Stigma as a Barrier to Recovery

    Bruce G Link, Lexi Harari et al.•Psychiatric Services•2001

  • Self‐stigma and the “why try” effect

    Open Access•Patrick W Corrigan, Jonathon E Larson et al.•World Psychiatry•2009

  • Staying in the Closet Versus Coming Out

    Open Access•Nancy E Day, Patricia Schoenrade et al.•Personnel Psychology•1997

  • Examining the Factor Structure of the Recovery Assessment Scale

    Patrick W Corrigan, Mark S Salzer et al.•Schizophrenia Bulletin•2004

  • How Young and Older Adults Differ in Their Responses to Perceived Age Discrimination.

    Teri A Garstka, Michael T Schmitt et al.•Psychology and Aging•2004

  • Slow and steady wins the race

    Jason B Luoma, Barbara Kohlenberg et al.•Journal of Consulting and…•2012

  • The Self–Stigma of Mental Illness

    Patrick W Corrigan, Amy C Watson et al.•Journal of Social and Clinical…•2006

  • Self-Disclosure in Personal Relationships

    Open Access•Kathryn Greene, Valerian J Derlega et al.•Cambridge Handbook of Personal…•2006

  • Self-Stigma in People With Mental Illness

    Amy C Watson, P Corrigan et al.•Schizophrenia Bulletin•2006

  • Stigma

    Open Access•Graham Thornicroft, Diana Rose et al.•The British Journal of Psychiatry•2007

  • Mental Health Consumers' Experience of Stigma

    Otto F Wahl•Schizophrenia Bulletin•1999

  • Stigma Management and Well-Being

    Open Access•Kristin P Beals, Letitia Anne Peplau et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•2009

  • Stigma as a Barrier to Recovery

    Jo Anne Sirey, Martha L Bruce et al.•Psychiatric Services•2001

  • The Impact of Belonging to a High School Gay/Straight Alliance

    Camille Lee•The High School journal/ The High…•2002

  • Stigma, Prejudice, and Violence Against Lesbians and Gay Men

    Gregory M Herek, Gregory Herek•Homosexuality•1991

  • Perceived Stigma as a Predictor of Treatment Discontinuation in Young and Older Outpatients With Depression

    Jo Anne Sirey, Martha L Bruce et al.•American Journal of Psychiatry•2001

  • Examining a progressive model of self-stigma and its impact on people with serious mental illness

    Open Access•Patrick W Corrigan, Jennifer Rafacz et al.•Psychiatry Research•2011

  • The authentic personality

    Alex M Wood, P Alex Linley et al.•Journal of Counseling Psychology•2008

  • Stigma and its impact on help-seeking for mental disorders

    Open Access•Georg Schomerus, Matthias C Angermeyer•Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale•2008

  • Stigma

    Erving Goffman•Stigma•2009

  • Well-Being, Agency and Freedom

    Amartya Sen•The Journal of Philosophy•1985

  • Rebels with a Cause

    Open Access•Jolanda Jetten, Nyla R Branscombe et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•2001

  • Perceiving Discrimination Against One’s Gender Group has Different Implications for Well-Being in Women and Men

    Open Access•Michael T Schmitt, Nyla R Branscombe et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•2002

  • Subjective and Objective Indicators of Recovery in Severe Mental Illness

    Open Access•Chris Lloyd, Robert King et al.•International Journal of Social…•2010

  • Ethnic Identity Among Chinese-American Youth

    Linda Juang, Huong H Nguyen•Identity•2010

  • Relations Between Narrative Construction of Ethnicity-Based Discrimination and Ethnic Identity Exploration and Pride

    M Pasupathi, Cecilia Wainryb et al.•Identity•2012

  • Reducing self-stigma in substance abuse through acceptance and commitment therapy

    Jason B Luoma, Barbara Kohlenberg et al.•Addiction Research & Theory•2008

  • Reactions to an HIV-Positive Man

    Open Access•Valerian J Derlega, Susan Paige Sherburne et al.•AIDS and Behavior•1998

  • Attitudes and Self-Images of Male and Female Bisexuals

    Carol D Bronn•Journal of Bisexuality•2001

  • Two Many and Not Enough

    Paula C Rust•Journal of Bisexuality•2000

  • Self and narrative in schizophrenia

    D Roe, L Davidson•Medical Humanities•2005

  • Explorations of Lesbian-Queer Genders

    Heidi M Levitt, Sharon G Horne•Journal of Lesbian Studies•2002

  • Social Involvement, Disclosure of Sexual Orientation, and the Quality of Lesbian Relationships

    Open Access•Kristin P Beals, Letitia Anne Peplau•Psychology of Women Quarterly•2001

  • The Coming‐Out Process and Its Adaptational and Health‐Related Associations Among Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Youths

    Open Access•Margaret Rosario, Joyce Hunter et al.•American Journal of Community…•2001

  • Community Narratives

    Open Access•Julian Rappaport•American Journal of Community…•2000

  • Self‐stigma and coming out about one's mental illness

    Open Access•Patrick W Corrigan, Scott B Morris et al.•Journal of Community Psychology•2010

  • Sense of self in recovery from severe mental illness

    Open Access•L Davidson, John S Strau et al.•British Journal of Medical…•1992

  • Men’s Help Seeking for Depression

    Open Access•Joseph H Hammer, David L Vogel•The Counseling Psychologist•2009

  • Psychoeducation to Address Stigma in Black Adults Referred for Mental Health Treatment

    Open Access•Jennifer Alvidrez, L R Snowden et al.•Community Mental Health Journal•2008

  • The Impact of Self-Stigma and Mutual Help Programs on the Quality of Life of People with Serious Mental Illnesses

    Open Access•Patrick W Corrigan, Kristin A Sokol et al.•Community Mental Health Journal•2011

  • What Lessons do Coming Out as Gay Men or Lesbians have for People Stigmatized by Mental Illness

    Open Access•Patrick W Corrigan, Jonathon E Larson et al.•Community Mental Health Journal•2009

  • Rethinking social recovery in schizophrenia

    Open Access•K Hopper•Social Science & Medicine•2007

  • Perceiving pervasive discrimination among African Americans

    Nyla R Branscombe, Michael T Schmitt et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•1999

  • How stigma interferes with mental health care

    Patrick W Corrigan, Patrick Corrigan•American Psychologist•2004

  • The Social Psychology of Stigma

    Brenda Major, Lia O’brien et al.•Annual Review of Psychology•2004

  • A Modified Labeling Theory Approach to Mental Disorders

    Bruce G Link, Francis T Cullen et al.•American Sociological Review•1989

  • Labeling Mental Illness

    Sarah Rosenfield•American Sociological Review•1997

  • The psychological implications of concealing a stigma

    John E Pachankis•Psychological Bulletin•2007

  • Changes in Psychosocial Well-Being During Stages of Gay Identity Development

    Sean A Halpin, Sean Halpin et al.•Journal of Homosexuality•2004

  • Being and Nothingness

    Jean-Paul Sartre, Jean‐paul Sartre et al.•Being and Nothingness•2022

  • Deinstitutionalization, Social Rejection, and the Self-Esteem of Former Mental Patients

    Eric R Wright, William P Gronfein et al.•Journal of Health and Social…•2000

  • The Effects of Stigma on the Psychological Well-Being and Life Satisfaction of Persons with Mental Illness

    Fred E Markowitz•Journal of Health and Social…•1998

  • Standing Out/Fitting In

    Open Access•David J Hutson•Symbolic Interaction•2010

  • Return to Sender

    Open Access•Nancy J Herman•Journal of Contemporary Ethnography•1993

  • Casting a Blind Eye

    Open Access•Amy E Ansell•Critical Sociology•2006

  • Conceptualizing Stigma

    Bruce G Link, Lexi Harari et al.•Annual Review of Sociology•2001

  • Ethnicity and Sexuality

    J Nagel•Annual Review of Sociology•2000

  • The Social Rejection of Former Mental Patients

    Bruce G Link, Francis T Cullen et al.•American Journal of Sociology•1987

Unique citing works80
Citations per year6,15
Citation span2013 - 2026 (14)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 70

Tools

Open DOISci-HubOpen Access
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae