Cold Weather and Cardiac Arrest in 4 Seasons

Helsinki, Finland, 1997‒2018

Bibliographic Data

ID11030879
AuthorsNiilo R I Ryti (Niilo R. I. Ryti is with the Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. Jouni Nurmi, Ari Salo, and Markku Kuisma are with the Department of Emergency Medicine and Services, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. Harri Antikainen is with the Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu. Jouni J. K. Jaakkola is with CERH, Faculty of...), Jouni Nurmi (0000-0002-1920-4869, Niilo R. I. Ryti is with the Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. Jouni Nurmi, Ari Salo, and Markku Kuisma are with the Department of Emergency Medicine and Services, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. Harri Antikainen is with the Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu. Jouni J. K. Jaakkola is with CERH, Faculty of...), Ari Salo (Niilo R. I. Ryti is with the Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. Jouni Nurmi, Ari Salo, and Markku Kuisma are with the Department of Emergency Medicine and Services, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. Harri Antikainen is with the Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu. Jouni J. K. Jaakkola is with CERH, Faculty of...), Harri Antikainen (0000-0002-0547-6441, Niilo R. I. Ryti is with the Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. Jouni Nurmi, Ari Salo, and Markku Kuisma are with the Department of Emergency Medicine and Services, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. Harri Antikainen is with the Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu. Jouni J. K. Jaakkola is with CERH, Faculty of...), Markku Kuisma (0000-0002-3057-6524, Niilo R. I. Ryti is with the Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. Jouni Nurmi, Ari Salo, and Markku Kuisma are with the Department of Emergency Medicine and Services, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. Harri Antikainen is with the Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu. Jouni J. K. Jaakkola is with CERH, Faculty of...), Jouni J K Jaakkola (0000-0003-4168-4683, Niilo R. I. Ryti is with the Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research (CERH), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. Jouni Nurmi, Ari Salo, and Markku Kuisma are with the Department of Emergency Medicine and Services, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. Harri Antikainen is with the Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu. Jouni J. K. Jaakkola is with CERH, Faculty of...)
Year2022
Volume112
Issue1
Pages107-115
Publication date2022-01-01
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueAmerican Journal of Public Health (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0090-0036 • E-ISSN: 1541-0048
PublisherAmerican Public Health Association (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.2105/ajph.2021.306549
PMID34936410
OpenAlexW4200361989
LanguageEN
Citations received2
References cited40

Objectives. To test the a priori hypothesis that out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is associated with cold weather during all seasons, not only during the winter. Methods. We applied a case‒crossover design to all cases of nontraumatic OHCA in Helsinki, Finland, over 22 years: 1997 to 2018. We statistically defined cold weather for each case and season, and applied conditional logistic regression with 2 complementary models a priori according to the season of death. Results. There was an association between cold weather and OHCA during all seasons, not only during the winter. Each additional cold day increased the odds of OHCA by 7% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4%, 10%), with similar strength of association during the autumn (6%; 95% CI = 0%, 12%), winter (6%; 95% CI = 1%, 12%), spring (8%; 95% CI = 2%, 14%), and summer (7%; 95% CI = 0%, 15%). Conclusions. Cold weather, defined according to season, increased the odds of OHCA during all seasons in similar quantity. Public Health Implications. Early warning systems and cold weather plans focus implicitly on the winter season. This may lead to incomplete measures in reducing excess mortality related to cold weather. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(1):107–115. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306549 )

Cold stress · Cold weather · Cold winter · Conditional logistic regression · Confidence interval · Logistic regression · Odds · Odds ratio · Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation · Climate Change and Health Impacts · Thermal Regulation in Medicine

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