Cyclic variations in date of last menstrual period of mothers of infants with congenital malformations in South Wales, 1964-66
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 11177244 |
|---|---|
| Authors | C J Roberts, C R Lowe (0000-0002-3844-1392), S Lloyd |
| Year | 1972 |
| Volume | 26 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 212-218 |
| Publication date | 1972-11-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0143-005X • E-ISSN: 1470-2738 |
| Publisher | BMJ (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1136/jech.26.4.212 |
| PMID | 4658266 |
| OpenAlex | W2020375079 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 1 |
| References cited | 8 |
In a review article on congenital malformations and season of birth, Bailar and Gurian (1965) stated that 'seasonal cycles in births of infants with certain malformations have been demonstrated beyond any reasonable doubt'. Recently, Wehrung and Hay (1970) have referred to the ambiguity of the term 'seasonal', and Hewitt et al. (1971) have pointed out that although a temporal pattern of behaviour may be demonstrated by an appropriate statistical test, the decision about whether the pattern is seasonal or not is, in the final analysis, subjective. The noun 'season' means a period of the year occurring naturally as a result of changes in the earth's position in relation to the sun, marked by changes in the length of day and night, and of climate. The adjective 'seasonal' is much less specific and means pertaining to, or associated with, one or more seasons. Epidemiologists have favoured the use of the term 'seasonal' to describe associations with temporal changes in an extremely wide range of variables from flora, fauna, insect vectors, recrea tional activities, and infectious diseases to critical dates in the tax calendar (MacMahon and Pugh, 1970). Within this range there would seem to be three broad categories of association (direct causal, indirect causal, and secondary (non-causal)): (1) direct causal?in which the characteristic is directly influenced by season (e.g., the earth's position in relation to the sun, and the effect of this on temperature, rainfall, and length of day and night). Examples of illnesses which have direct temporal association are hypothermia in the elderly and heat stroke
Biology · Seasonality · Birth, Development, and Health · Demography · Ecology · Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations · Health disparities and outcomes · Medicine · Pediatrics
| Unique citing works | 1 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 0.03 |
| Citation span | 1989 - 1989 (1) |
| Citation velocity | historical |
| Highly cited | No |