The Rise of Muslim Foreign Fighters
Islam and the Globalization of Jihad
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 11262072 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Thomas Hegghammer (0000-0001-6253-1518, Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2010 |
| Volume | 35 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 53-94 |
| Publication date | 2010-12-01 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | International Security (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0162-2889 • E-ISSN: 1531-4804 |
| Publisher | MIT Press - Journals (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1162/isec_a_00023 |
| OpenAlex | W1965914539 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 127 |
| References cited | 45 |
Why has transnational war volunteering increased so dramatically in the Muslim world since 1980? Standard explanations, which emphasize U.S.-Saudi support for the 1980s Afghan mujahideen, the growth of Islamism, or the spread of Wahhabism are insufficient. The increase in transnational war volunteering is better explained as the product of a pan-Islamic identity movement that grew strong in the 1970s Arab world from elite competition among exiled Islamists in international Islamic organizations and Muslim regimes. Seeking political relevance and increased budgets, Hijaz-based international activists propagated an alarmist discourse about external threats to the Muslim nation and established a global network of Islamic charities. This “soft” pan-Islamic discourse and network enabled Arabs invested in the 1980s Afghanistan war to recruit fighters in the name of inter-Muslim solidarity. The Arab-Afghan mobilization in turn produced a foreign fighter movement that still exists today, as a phenomenon partly distinct from al-Qaida. The analysis relies on a new data set on foreign fighter mobilizations, rare sources in Arabic, and interviews with former activists
Afghan · Elite · Ideology · Islam · Jihadism · Muslim world · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Sociology · Solidarity · History · Law · Political Conflict and Governance · Politics and Conflicts in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Middle East · Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence
Militant Jihadism
Rethinking The Contemporary Discourse of Jihād
Denaturalisation and conceptions of citizenship in the 'war on terror
Confronting the Caliphate
The Muslim Brotherhood in Syria
Petro-Aggression
From financing needs to criminal terrorism
The More, the Merrier
Analyzing the Disparity in Application of the Laws Governing Foreign Fighters
The Strategic Logic of Large Militant Alliance Networks
Where the far-right is not
Looking for a fight
Junte-se à Caravana
Does Sharia Act as both a mediator and moderator in Salafi radicalism
The effects of ethnic conflict and foreign fighters on conflict duration
Italian far-right foreign fighters in the Ukrainian war. The long chain of Transnational Recruitment Network (TRN)
The causal role of ideology and Cultural Systems in radicalisation and de-radicalisation
Chechen diaspora members as foreign fighters in Syria and Ukraine
Religious Minorities at Risk
Contemporary Debates on Terrorism
Colonialism, Neo-Colonialism, and Anti-Terrorism Law in the Arab World
The Caravan
Race and the Yugoslav region
Radicalisation, De-Radicalisation, Counter-Radicalisation
Transnational Terrorist Recruitment
Accountability for foreign fighters in Syria
Georgian foreign fighter deaths in Syria and Iraq
Ideologies and narratives of Italian foreign fighters in the Russian-Ukrainian war
Saudi Arabia’s soft power in Pakistan
The concept of the foreign terrorist fighter
The impact of foreign fighters on civil conflict outcomes
The transnationalization of the Taliban
Embracing Salafi Jihadism in Egypt and Mobilizing in the Syrian Jihad
A ‘Tale of two Jihadis’? Improperly conflating terrorists and foreign fighters in the Arab spring
Tunisian terrorist fighters
Jihadistenes program i Europa
Guest warriors
Reaching the land of jihad’ - Dutch Syria volunteers, hijra and counter-conduct
Limiting violent spillover in civil wars
The “Syria traveller”
How Islamic is al-Qaeda? The politics of Pan-Islam and the challenge of modernisation
Talk about terror in our back gardens”
Good radicals? Trajectories of pro-Kurdish political and militant mobilisation to the wars in Syria, Turkey and Iraq
Investigative Reporting in the Networked Media Environment
Uncovering the French-speaking jihadisphere
Talkin’ ’bout a revolution’? The strategic narratives of the Syrian Democratic Council
Radicalization ecosystem as a confounder of violent extremism’s drivers
When Do Religious Organizations Resort to Violence? How Local Conditions Shape the Effects of Transnational Ideology
Returning foreign fighters
Islamismo, yihadismo y extrema izquierda en América Latina. ¿Hacia una teoría y una práctica islamizadas de la revolución
Countering Radicalization in the North Caucasus
Satire and Religious Tolerance
I Am Very Happy Here
Spillover terrorism? Exploring the effects of the Israel-Hamas war on jihadist violence in Europe
Turkish foreign terrorist fighters and the emergence of a new kind of radicalization
Who uses Internet propaganda in civil wars and why
Choosing Where to Fight
A Call to Arms
Who Cares
Reconceptualising the Legal Response to Foreign Fighters
The internationalization of intrastate conflict
Precarious multiplicity
Jihadismo transnacional e a insurgência em Cabo Delgado, Moçambique
Del flujo al stock
Resisting Resolution
A Matter of Faith? Negotiations with Boko Haram in Nigeria
A Relational Theory of Jihadist Affiliate Behaviour
Why Islamism? A Micro-Institutional Approach to Explaining Ideological Choice
Workers of the world, unite! Communist foreign fighters 1917–91
Islamism and Armed Conflict
The Caliphate Is Not a Tweet Away
The Future of Insurgency
À la recherche de la révolution syrienne. Première partie
The mercenary moniker
Protecting Nation, State and Government
Georgia's Experiences with Foreign Fighters
The Surest of All Morale Barometers’
The missing jihad. Why have there been no jihadist civil wars in Southeast Asia
Navigating Political Borders Old and New
Conditional cross-border effects of terrorism in China
Jihadist waves
Understanding the multiple voices of Islamic modernities
Civil War Diffusion and the Emergence of Militant Groups, 1960–2001
Wars of Others’
The Security Bazaar
Fueling the Fire
Help Wanted? The Mixed Record of Foreign Fighters in Domestic Insurgencies
Foreign Terrorist Fighters
Why jihadist foreign fighter leave local battlefields
Helping or hurting? The impact of foreign fighters on militant group behavior
How the United States lost the “forever war”
Metastases
Motivated to Fight
Driven by Revenge
From Radical Right to Reactionary Internationalism
Political and personal religious attitudes
Should I Stay or Should I Go? Explaining Variation in Western Jihadists' Choice between Domestic and Foreign Fighting
Resonance of the Arab Spring
The rise of the cosmopolitan traditionalists
Killing for God? Factional Violence on the Transnational Stage
Introduction to social movements.
Language, Religion and Politics in North India
Qu'est-ce que le salafisme ?
Civil Wars and Foreign Powers
Trends in Outside Support for Insurgent Movements
The New Transnational Activism
Repertoires and cycles of collective action
The death of distance
From Voting to Violence
Critical Comparisons in Politics and Culture
The Society Of The Muslim Brothers
The Osama bin Laden I Know
Global Salafism
Arguing the Just War in Islam
Princes, Brokers, and Bureaucrats
The Far Enemy
The War for Palestine
Islam and Political Violence
The Military Preparations of the Arab Community in Palestine
Transnational Religion and Fading States
Social Movements, Political Violence, and the State
Comparative Perspectives on Social Movements
What is Islamism? History and Definition of a Concept
Consenting to a Child's Decision to Join a Jihad
Foreign Fighters and the Case of Chechnya
Jihad after Iraq
The Correlates of War Data On War
The Internationalization of Terrorist Campaigns
Monitoring Trends in Global Combat
Why Foreign Fighters
The Changing Course of the Kashmiri Struggle
The Islamization of the Palestinian‐Israeli conflict
Islam and International Relations
Osama
Saudi Arabia and the Islamic Revival
An 'official' Islamic response to the Egyptian al-jiha ¥ d movement
Counterfactuals and Hypothesis Testing in Political Science
Transnational Rebels
Ethnonationalist Triads
Foreign Fighters in Iraq
The Rise of Religious Nationalism and Conflict
The Politics of Pan-Islam
Ethnicity, Insurgency, and Civil War
| Unique citing works | 127 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 9,07 |
| Citation span | 2012 - 2026 (15) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 124 |