Beliefs about collective victimization in contexts of ongoing and historical oppression
A Q methodology study among Kurds from Turkey and Northern Kurdistan in Germany
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 11263195 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Helin Ünal (0000-0002-7441-2126, Department of Psychology Clark University Worcester Massachusetts USA, corresponding author), Johanna Ray Vollhardt (0000-0002-7871-9520, Department of Psychology Clark University Worcester Massachusetts USA) |
| Year | 2025 |
| Publication date | 2025-12-26 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Political Psychology (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0162-895X • E-ISSN: 1467-9221 |
| Publisher | Wiley (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1111/pops.70105 |
| OpenAlex | W7117361029 |
| Language | EN |
| References cited | 54 |
The scarce political and social psychological research on the Kurdish–Turkish context primarily addresses intergroup relations and general perceptions of the conflict. Conversely, Kurds' experiences of and beliefs about collective victimization in this context have not been examined much to date. The present study examines how diaspora Kurds (from Turkey and Northern Kurdistan) who came to Germany as refugees or immigrants make sense of their group's experiences of collective victimization. Using Q methodology, an underutilized method that captures holistic, shared viewpoints on a given issue, we aimed to uncover the distinct viewpoints on Kurdish collective victimization in this community and contribute to the literature on collective victimization beliefs. Through purposive sampling, we recruited a diverse sample ( N = 50). We identified three distinct viewpoints concerning the ingroup's victimization: (1) a focus on the importance of ingroup cohesion rather than centering intergroup relations; (2) promoting positive intergroup relations through solidarity with other oppressed groups and structural attributions for the ingroup's victimization; and (3) upholding the victimized ingroup's honor by demanding justice and apology and supporting self‐defense. Our findings indicate that Kurds' understanding of their collective victimization goes beyond commonly studied collective victimization beliefs and that intergroup attitudes were less central than often assumed
Attribution · Collective efficacy · Collective responsibility · Context (archaeology · Focus group · Ingroups and outgroups · Poison control · Solidarity · Vietnamese · Viewpoints · Peace and Human Rights Education · Q Methodology Applications · Social and Intergroup Psychology
Doing Q Methodological Research
The Political Economy of the Kurds of Turkey
Collective Trauma and the Social Construction of Meaning
Perceiving Your Group’s Future to Be in Jeopardy
A Primer on Q Methodology
On Positive Psychological Outcomes
Collective Victimization
When Suffering Begets Suffering
Turning the lens in the study of precarity
The Social Psychology of Collective Victimhood
Shared Beliefs in a Society
Researching identity in the imposed boundaries of a nation-state
Predicting support for collective action in the conflict between Turks and Kurds
In the name of honor
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How intergroup contact and communication about group differences predict collective action intentions among advantaged groups
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When imagining intergroup contact mobilizes collective action
Towards a Conceptual Integration of Collective Victimization Beliefs and Their Variation Within and Across Contexts
The two‐sided nature of individual and intragroup experiences in the aftermath of collective victimization
What should allies do? Identifying activist perspectives on the role of white allies in the struggle for racial justice in the United States
Beyond comparisons
Resistance from below among racialized peoples
The sword or the plowshare
From representing views to representativeness of views
Intersectional Consciousness in Collective Victim Beliefs
Beliefs about Negative Intentions of the World
Explaining the Inexplicable
The Role of Personal Centrality of Ingroup Victimhood in Intergroup Relations and Political Agenda in Northern Ireland
The social psychology of collective victimhood
Tailoring Strategies According to Ever-Changing Dynamics
Using Q Method in Qualitative Research
| Citation velocity | historical |
|---|---|
| Highly cited | No |