Systemic Balancing and Regional Hedging
China–Russia Relations
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 12907336 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Alexander Korolev (0000-0003-2794-8187, National University of Singapore, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2016 |
| Volume | 9 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 375-397 |
| Publication date | 2016-09-17 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | The Chinese Journal of International Politics (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1750-8916 • E-ISSN: 1750-8924 |
| Publisher | Oxford University Press (OUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1093/cjip/pow013 |
| OpenAlex | W2519464044 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 61 |
| References cited | 6 |
There have been noticeable attempts in recent International Relations scholarship to introduce the concept of 'hedging' as an alternative to 'balancing' and 'bandwagoning'. This article argues that to be useful in the analysis of great power politics hedging should not be understood as an alternative to balancing or bandwagoning, but as a phenomenon of a different order. In contrast to balancing or bandwagoning, which describe great powers' behaviour in response to system-level forces, hedging denotes interstate political matters unfolding at the unit and regional levels. The analysis of China-Russia relations supports this understanding. Both great powers are strategically on the same page with respect to resisting unipolarity and other global political issues, but their strategies often diverge with respect to purely bilateral relations, or policies in their salient geographic environments. This two-level nature of China-Russia relations-balancing the Unipole while hedging towards one another-suggests that their global strategic behaviour and regional bilateral interactions are subject to different causal forces that push in different directions. The former is a reaction to system-level pressure, whereas the latter is a result of multiple unit-level factors. Therefore, in the analysis of great power relations, hedging occupies a specific rung on the ladder of levels of analysis
China · Contrast (vision · Economic system · Economics · Epistemology · International relations · Law and economics · Order (exchange · Phenomenon · Political economy · Political science · Politics · Positive economics · Power (physics · Salient · Scholarship · Subject (documents · Unit (ring theory · International Relations and Foreign Policy · Law
Beyond Hedging
China-Russia Strategic Alignment in International Politics
Middle power hedging in the era of security/economic disconnect
The concept of hedging and its application to Southeast Asia
Hedging and grand strategy in Southeast Asian foreign policy
Shrinking room for hedging
Seeking support beyond alliance? Rethinking great power partner politics after the Cold War
Business Elites and Germany’s Economic Hedging toward China (2014–2021)
Hedging in international relations
Russia in the South China Sea
Handling the Hegemon
The gradual return of balance of power politics
Hedging via Institutions
Conceptualizing Soft Balancing Beyond Cold War. What’s Changed, What Remains the Same
Analysing Nepal’s Foreign Policy
Combinative Hedging
Standing in-between— Gulf States in the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Under New Security Dynamics
A ‘Soft’ Balancing Ménage à Trois? China, Iran and Russia Strategic Triangle vis-à-vis US Hegemony
Discursive hedging under external identity polarisation
Corporate Governance In Russian State-Owned Enterprises
Two’s Company, Three’s a Crowd
In Spite of the Spite
The European Union – Central Asia Cooperation within the Framework of the Omnidirectional Hedging Strategy
Russian arms sales to Southeast Asia and regional security realignment after the Russia-Ukraine war
Russia’s Eurasian past, present and future
Convergence or divergence? Visions of world order and the Russian-Chinese relationship
China‐Russia Partnership
Russia and China between cooperation and competition at the regional and global level. Introduction
Dragon and bear dancing a waltz under the sharp-clawed eagle
An equal partnership of unequals
Through thick and thin
Multi-alignment and India’s response to the Russia–Ukraine war
Offensive realism, differentiation theory, and the war in Ukraine
Russia’s relationship with China
Nexus of Strong Presidentialism and Philippine Foreign Policy
The economic choices of Southeast Asian countries in the context of industrial relocation
Symmetric concern and asymmetric attention
Material and metaphorical bridgework
Beyond the ‘Friend or Enemy’ Paradigm
Two Ways of Influence-building
Steppe-ing’ Out of Russia’s Shadow
Shades of grey
Russia’s approach to South China Sea territorial dispute
Historical origins of Southeast Asian hedging
Riding the tide
The Sino-Russian Relationship
India’s quest for security and its neutrality in the Russia–Ukraine war
Hedging under hegemony
Missing the China factor
A Friend in Need? The Sino-Russian Relationship Under the Coronavirus Crisis in Twitter
Unpacking the Belt and Road Initiative
China’s “Belt and Road” Economic Diplomacy in the Persian Gulf
Hedging as Sovereignty-Driven Foreign Policy Practice
China’s Power in Its Strategic Energy Partnership with the Eurasian Economic Union
Missed Opportunities
Revealing China’s diplomatic narratives of the Belt and Road Initiative
Uncertainty, Shifting Power and Credible Signals in US-China Relations
Mapping the Literature on China and Russia in IR and Area Studies
The Illusion of the China-US-Europe Strategic Triangle
How regional organisation survives
Russia and its shared neighbourhoods
| Unique citing works | 61 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 6,78 |
| Citation span | 2017 - 2026 (10) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 60 |