China‐Russia Partnership
An Axis of Revisionism
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 6415673 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Marcin Kaczmarski (0000-0003-2390-4478, University of Glasgow, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2025 |
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Publication date | 2025-12-02 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 2050-2680 • E-ISSN: 2050-2680 |
| Publisher | Wiley (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1002/app5.70066 |
| OpenAlex | W4416911478 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 1 |
| References cited | 23 |
I examine the changing nature and characteristics of China‐Russia partnership in the context of their escalating rivalries with the US, using the two‐level explanatory framework. This article begins with an investigation of the causal impact of the shifting global power balance on China‐Russia relations at system‐level level, followed by an analysis of various domestic factors that shape the two revisionist powersʼ individual strategic behaviours at unit‐level level. I scrutinise three cases of Russia and Chinaʼs responses to external pressures, 2014–2018, 2018–2022, and 2022–2024. I demonstrate how Russiaʼs reduced room for manoeuvre led to making concessions towards China in such areas as energy and security, ultimately strengthening the ties between the two states. In turn, Moscowʼs lack of capabilities prevented it from supporting China in the areas of economic and technological competition with the US. I also briefly discuss the impact of Trumpʼs initial policy moves for the Sino‐Russian relationship
Exit from Hegemony
Polarity in International Relations
The Return of Bipolarity in World Politics
Russia-China Relations
Systemic Balancing and Regional Hedging
China’s Rise and Balance of Power Politics
Feeling safe, being strong
Moscow’s Response to a Rising China
Assessing the Changing Sino–Russian Relationship
Have We Passed the Peak of Sino-Russian Rapprochement
Structural Realism after the Cold War
The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers in the Twenty-first Century
The Strategic Use of Soft Balancing
Alliance Politics in the 21st Century Great Power Competition
Omnibalancing in China-Russia relations
Sino-Russian Military Alignment and Its Implications for Global Security
Power and International Relations
| Unique citing works | 1 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 1 |
| Citation span | 2026 - 2026 (1) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | No |
| Citation types | Neutral: 1 |