Anatolian Opium and Its Marketing during World War I

Known for its narcotic properties since ancient times, opium became one of the basic raw materials of the pharmaceutical industry with the discovery of morphine, one of its main components, at the beginning of the nineteenth century. These properties made it a commodity with an essential share in imperial world trade. With its high morphine content, Anatolian opium became the mainstay of this trade. This article focuses mainly on the trade in Anatolian opium during World War I. The fact that the Ottoman Empire was a major opium producer and its ally, the German Empire, had a pharmaceutical industry led to increased controls over the trade in Anatolian opium during the war. This allowed opium to influence the period’s national and international political atmosphere. In short, this article will focus on the importance of Anatolian opium in the opium trade during World War I, how this product was traded, and the developments in the process

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