Stay Woke

An Analysis of How Referees Evaluate the In-Game Communication of a Historically Black College and University that Competes in a Predominantly White Institution Conference

Bibliographic Data

ID13049326
AuthorsAndrew Dix (0000-0002-5242-7693, Middle Tennessee State University, corresponding author)
Year2022
Volume12
Issue4
Pages730-747
Publication date2022-05-24
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueCommunication & Sport (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2167-4795 • E-ISSN: 2167-4809
PublisherSAGE Publishing (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/21674795221103407
OpenAlexW4281388483
LanguageEN
Citations received4
References cited22

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the personal fouls that were called against a historically black college and university (HBCU) that athletically participates in a conference which is comprised of predominantly white institutions (PWIs). The study introduction provided an overview of Tennessee State University (TSU) as it relates to their involvement in the Ohio Valley Conference (OVC). The cultural approach to organizations served as the communication-centric theoretical frame while the previous literature on referee bias was reviewed. The criterion of personal fouls per game (PFPG) was examined . Z-score analyses revealed that referees called more PFPG against the HBCU of TSU in men’s college basketball relative to the number of PFPG that were called against the PWI conference teams in the OVC. A similar effect was observed in women’s college basketball. Theoretical implications for the cultural approach to organizations were noted in the study discussion as were practical implications for TSU and other HBCUs

African american · Basketball · Historically black colleges and universities · Institution · Library science · Social science · Sociology · White (mutation · American Sports and Literature · Anthropology · Computer Science · Gender Studies · History · Psychology · Sports Analytics and Performance · Sports, Gender, and Society

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