Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Short Form of Depression Inventory

Cross-Validation

Bibliographic Data

ID13675706
AuthorsAaron T Beck (0000-0001-6210-9528, Philadelphia General Hospital, corresponding author), William Y Rial (0009-0003-4174-5359, Philadelphia General Hospital), Karl Rickels (Philadelphia General Hospital)
Year1974
Volume34
Issue3_suppl
Pages1184-1186
Publication date1974-06-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenuePsychological Reports (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0033-2941 • E-ISSN: 1558-691X
PublisherSAGE Publishing (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1177/003329417403403s01
PMID4424377
OpenAlexW2306137857
LanguageEN
Citations received80
References cited2

The short form of the Depression Inventory was administered to a variety of patient samples totalling 431 S s. The correlation between test scores and clinicians’ ratings ranged from .55 for a hospitalized depressed sample to .67 for S s in a general medical outpatient practice. The correlation between test scores on the two forms ranged from .89 to .97. When speed of administration is an important factor, the short form can serve as a satisfactory substitute for the long form of the inventory and is especially suited for screening medical outpatients for the presence of depression

Correlation · Depression (economics · Psychiatry · Psychometrics · Test (biology · Test validity · Validation test · Cardiac Health and Mental Health · Clinical Psychology · Mental Health Treatment and Access · Psychology

  • Bullying, depression, and suicidal ideation in Finnish adolescents

    Open Access•Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino, Matti Rimpelä et al.•BMJ•1999

  • A Scoping Review Mapping Research on Green Space and Associated Mental Health Benefits

    Open Access•Charlotte Wendelboe-Nelson, Sarah Kelly et al.•International Journal of…•2019

  • Bullying at school—an indicator of adolescents at risk for mental disorders

    Open Access•Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino, Matti Rimpelä et al.•Journal of Adolescence•2000

  • Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory

    Open Access•Aaron T Beck, Robert A Steer et al.•Clinical Psychology Review•1988

  • Depressive symptoms and attachment with mother and father in Iranian young adults

    Open Access•Minoo Pouravari, Tayebeh ZandiPour et al.•Current Psychology•2023

  • Associations of adverse childhood experiences with youths’ depressive symptoms

    Open Access•Hui Zhang, Yunxin Zhao et al.•Current Psychology•2025

  • Reframing prolonged negative mental health effects of Covid-19

    Open Access•Andras Matuz, Boróka Gács et al.•Psychology & Health•2026

  • Perceiver effects as projective tests

    Dustin Wood, Peter Harms et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2010

  • The role of optimism in social network development, coping, and psychological adjustment during a life transition

    Ian Brissette, Michael F Scheier et al.•Journal of Personality and Social…•2002

  • Assessing resilience in adults with histories of childhood sexual abuse

    Joan H Liem, James J Do et al.•American Journal of Orthopsychiatry•1997

  • Adolescent exposure to recurrent terrorism in Israel

    Ruth Pat-Horenczyk, Robert Abramovitz et al.•American Journal of Orthopsychiatry•2007

  • Parental divorce, adolescence, and transition to young adulthood

    Hillevi Aro, Hillevi M Aro et al.•American Journal of Orthopsychiatry•1992

  • Adolescent sexual behavior—family characteristics, parental involvement, and associated mental disorders

    Hanna Savioja, Mika Helminen et al.•International Journal of Sexual…•2018

  • Adverse quality of life consequences of antiretroviral medications

    L Y Park-Wyllie, Laura Park‐Wyllie et al.•AIDS Care•2007

  • Generalization, Adverse Events, and Development of Depressive Symptoms

    Open Access•Charles S Carver•Journal of Personality•1998

  • The Revised Scale for Caregiving Self-Efficacy

    Ann M Steffen, Christine L Mckibbin et al.•The Journals of Gerontology…•2002

  • Increased Affective Bias Revealed Using Experimental Graded Heat Stimuli in Young Depressed Adults

    Irina A Strigo, Alan N Simmons et al.•Psychosomatic Medicine•2008

  • Psychosocial Modulation of Cytokine-Induced Natural Killer Cell Activity in Older Adults

    Brian A Esterling, Janice K Kiecolt-Glaser et al.•Psychosomatic Medicine•1996

  • Course of life satisfaction in patients with depressive and addictive disorders after therapeutic intervention

    Open Access•Arndt Büssing, Peter Heusser et al.•International Journal of Social…•2012

  • Symptoms of Turkish Patients with Depression in Ankara and Berlin

    Open Access•Derya Iren Akbiyik, Derya Iren Akbıyık et al.•Culture Medicine and Psychiatry•2009

  • Prevalence of alexithymia and depression among professional contemporary French dancers

    Open Access•Catarina Proenca Lopes, Mathias Poussel et al.•Frontiers in Sports and Active…•2025

  • Relationships with parents and friends, self‐esteem and depression among adolescents with visual impairments

    Open Access•Taina Huurre, Erkki Komulainen et al.•Scandinavian Journal of…•2001

  • Who Is “Doing It”? Casual Sex and WellBeing in Singlehood

    Open Access•A U A Amarakoon, Nicholas Latimer et al.•Personal Relationships•2025

  • The Effect of Hysterectomy on Sexual Functioning

    Cornelis P Maas, Philomeen Th M Weijenborg et al.•Annual Review of Sex Research•2003

  • Explicitness

    Open Access•Marta Lundy•Affilia•1993

  • Silencing The Self And Depression Among Women

    Open Access•Judith G Carr, Faith D Gilroy et al.•Psychology of Women Quarterly•1996

  • Body Dissatisfaction, Dating, and Importance of Thinness to Attractiveness in Adolescent Girls

    Open Access•Susan J Paxton, Melinda Norris et al.•Sex Roles•2005

  • Correlates of gender role orientation during pregnancy and the postpartum

    Open Access•Marc Berthiaume, H�l�ne David et al.•Sex Roles•1996

  • Suicide Ideation and Acculturation among Low Socioeconomic Status Mexican American Adolescents

    Open Access•Katherine M Rasmussen, Charles Negy et al.•The Journal of Early Adolescence•1997

  • College Student Stressors, Depression, and Suicidal Ideation

    Open Access•D Lester•Psychological Reports•2014

  • A Construction and Validation of a Freshman Stress Questionnaire

    Open Access•Emilie Boujut, Marilou Bruchon-Schweitzer•Psychological Reports•2009

  • Depression-Proneness, Low Self-Esteem, Unhappy Outlook, and Narcissistic Vulnerability

    Open Access•Robert Zemore, Donna Bretell•Psychological Reports•1983

  • Reexamining the Beck Depression Inventory

    Open Access•Karel Vredenburg, Lester Krames et al.•Psychological Reports•1985

  • Psychological, Interpersonal, and Behavioral Correlates of Chronic Self-Destructiveness

    Open Access•Arne Cornelius Boudewyn, Joan Huser Liem•Psychological Reports•1995

  • Distortions of Memory in Depressed, Formerly Depressed, and Never Depressed College Students

    Open Access•David C Zuroff•Psychological Reports•1980

  • Development of a Self-Report Measure of Depression-Proneness

    Open Access•Robert Zemore•Psychological Reports•1983

  • Can Child Self-Report Measures of Depression and Anxiety Be Used in College Samples

    Open Access•Kirsty F Weir, Paul E Jose•Psychological Reports•2007

  • Sexual Satisfaction, Marital Intimacy, and Depression in Married Iranian Nurses With and Without Symptoms of Secondary Traumatic Stress

    Open Access•Saeed Ariapooran, Sheno Raziani•Psychological Reports•2018

  • Externalizing in preschoolers and early adolescents

    Nancy B Miller, Philip A Cowan et al.•Developmental Psychology•1993

  • Social Phobia and Educational and Interpersonal Impairments in Adolescence

    Open Access•Klaus Ranta, Annette M La Greca et al.•Child Psychiatry & Human…•2015

  • Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A)

    Open Access•Klaus Ranta, Niina Junttila et al.•Child Psychiatry & Human…•2012

  • A description of 144 bulimic women who contacted a research program for help

    Open Access•Eleanor H Wertheim, Karen Weiss et al.•Australian Psychologist•1989

  • Co-occurrence of problematic facebook and video game use

    Open Access•Sihem Ben Fredj, Mohamed Ouertani et al.•BMC Psychology•2024

  • Heart rate response to cognitive load as a marker of depression and increased anxiety

    Open Access•Evgeniia I Alshanskaia, Natalia Zhozhikashvili et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2024

  • Neuropsychiatric symptoms and altered sleep quality in cerebral small vessel disease

    Open Access•Xi Li, Rong-Rong Qin et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2022

  • Unsupervised Classifications of Depression Levels Based on Machine Learning Algorithms Perform Well as Compared to Traditional Norm-Based Classifications

    Open Access•Zhenkai Yang, C Chen et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2020

  • Association between Child Maltreatment and Depressive Symptoms in Male Methamphetamine-dependent Patients

    Open Access•Mengqian Qu, Dongmei Wang et al.•International Journal of Mental…•2023

  • The role of fear and expectancies in capture of covert attention by spiders

    Christel Devue, Artem V Belopolsky et al.•Emotion•2011

  • Gaze behavior predicts memory bias for angry facial expressions in stable dysphoria

    Tony T Wells, Christopher Beevers et al.•Emotion•2010

  • Seeing the world through rose-colored glasses

    Hannah Raila, Brian J Scholl et al.•Emotion•2015

  • Self-reported depression is increasing among socio-economically disadvantaged adolescents – repeated cross-sectional surveys from Finland from 2000 to 2011

    Open Access•Antti Torikka, Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino et al.•BMC Public Health•2014

  • HIV Stigma and Unhealthy Alcohol Use Among People Living with HIV in Russia

    Open Access•Karsten Lunze, Dmitry Lioznov et al.•AIDS and Behavior•2017

  • Assessing Sleep During Pregnancy

    Open Access•Helen Skouteris, Eleanor H Wertheim et al.•Women s Health Issues•2008

  • The association of alcohol use and quality of life in depressed and non-depressed individuals

    Open Access•Jonna Levola, Tuuli Pitkänen et al.•Quality of Life Research•2017

  • Validation of the cancer needs questionnaire (CNQ) short-form version in an ambulatory cancer setting

    Open Access•T Cossich, Paul Schofield et al.•Quality of Life Research•2004

  • The precision of health state valuation by members of the general public using the standard gamble

    Open Access•Ken Stein, Matthew Dyer et al.•Quality of Life Research•2009

  • The Coronary Health Improvement Project (CHIP) for Lowering Weight and Improving Psychosocial Health

    Open Access•Carmen L Thieszen, Steven G Aldana et al.•Psychological Reports•2011

  • Revealing dimensions of thinking in open-ended self-descriptions

    Open Access•Cindy K Chung, James W Pennebaker•Journal of Research in Personality•2008

  • Personality moderates the interaction between positive and negative daily events predicting negative affect and stress

    Open Access•Julie Longua, Tracy Dehart et al.•Journal of Research in Personality•2009

  • Adolescent depression and school social support

    Open Access•Noora Ellonen, Juha Kääriäinen et al.•Journal of Community Psychology•2008

  • Longitudinal Predictors of Restrictive Eating and Bulimic Tendencies in Three Different Age Groups of Adolescent Girls

    Open Access•Eleanor H Wertheim, Jody Koerner et al.•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•2001

  • Correlates of depressive symptoms in adolescents

    Open Access•Lawrence J Siegel, Nora J Griffin•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•1984

  • Incidence of depression in early adolescence

    Open Access•Nina Albert, Aaron T Beck•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•1975

  • Pubertal Timing and Substance Use in Middle Adolescence

    Open Access•Riittakerttu Kaltiala-Heino, Anna-Maija Koivisto et al.•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•2011

  • The influence of religious participation on the adjustment of female inmates

    Lacey Levitt, Ann Booker Loper•American Journal of Orthopsychiatry•2009

  • Psychosocial Pathways to Sexual Dysfunction Among Female Inmates

    Open Access•Danilo Antonio Baltieri•Archives of Sexual Behavior•2014

  • A Psychosocial Study of Male-to-Female Transgendered and Male Hustler Sex Workers in São Paulo, Brazil

    Open Access•Fernanda Cestaro Prado Cortez, Douglas Pieter Boer et al.•Archives of Sexual Behavior•2011

  • Who Benefits from Religion

    Open Access•Daniel Mochon, Michael I Norton et al.•Social Indicators Research•2011

  • The Measurement of Outcome in Social Care of the Elderly

    Open Access•David Challis, D J Challis•Journal of Social Policy•1981

  • Elaboração e validação da Escala de Depressão para Idosos

    Open Access•Adriana Giavoni, Gislane Ferreira De Melo et al.•Cadernos de Saude Publica•2008

  • The Relationship between Depression and Body Dissatisfaction across Pregnancy and the Postpartum

    Open Access•Abigail Clark, Helen Skouteris et al.•Journal of Health Psychology•2009

  • Relationship between infertility-related stress and emotional distress and marital satisfaction

    Open Access•Kamel Gana, Sylwia Jakubowska•Journal of Health Psychology•2016

  • Depression and self-esteem

    Open Access•Margaret S Westaway, Liezel Wolmarans•Social Science & Medicine•1992

  • How Well Do Women Adapt to Changes in Their Body Size and Shape across the Course of Pregnancy

    Open Access•Dianne Duncombe, Eleanor H Wertheim et al.•Journal of Health Psychology•2008

  • Factor structure, validity, and reliability of a Persian version of the Body and Appearance Self-conscious Emotions Scale

    Open Access•Mehdi Zemestani, Morteza Abarin et al.•Journal of Health Psychology•2021

  • Sex differences in coping and depression among young adults

    Open Access•Vilma Hänninen, Hillevi Aro•Social Science & Medicine•1996

  • Reliance on God's Help in Patients with Depressive and Addictive Disorders is not Associated with Their Depressive Symptoms

    Open Access•Arndt Büssing, Götz Mundle•Religions•2012

  • Relationship of Gender, Self-Esteem, Social Class, and Racial Identity to Depression in Blacks

    Open Access•Maria B Munford•Journal of Black Psychology•1994

  • A Comparison Of Depressive Symptons In African Americans And Caucasian Americans

    Open Access•L Ayalon, Michael A Young•Journal of Cross-Cultural…•2003

  • The Effectiveness of Guided Mourning for Adults with Complicated Mourning

    Judith E Hefren, Bruce A Thyer•Journal of Human Behavior in the…•2012

  • Screening Depressed Patients in Family Practice

    Aaron T Beck, Roy W Beck•Postgraduate Medicine•1972

Unique citing works80
Citations per year1,57
Citation span1975 - 2026 (52)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 80

Tools

Open DOI
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae