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A systematic review and meta-analysis of growth mindset interventions

For whom, how, and why might such interventions work

Bibliographic Data

ID14445547
AuthorsJeni L Burnette (0000-0001-7548-8782), Joseph Billingsley (0000-0002-6577-175X), George C Banks (0000-0002-2261-2935), Laura E Knouse (0000-0001-7080-431X), Crystal L Hoyt (0000-0001-9108-3910), Jeffrey Pollack (0000-0002-0704-9531), Stefanie Simon (0000-0001-8331-1872)
Year2023
Volume149
Issue3-4
Pages174-205
Publication date2023-03-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenuePsychological Bulletin (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0033-2909 • E-ISSN: 1939-1455
PublisherAmerican Psychological Association (APA) (PUBLISHER)
DOI10.1037/bul0000368
LanguageEN
Citations received112
  • Mindsets, contexts, and college enrollment

    Open Access•Cameron A Hecht, Jenny Buontempo et al.•Journal of Research on Adolescence•2024

  • Broken fragments or a breathtaking mosaic”

    Open Access•Brittany Wolff, Emma J Glasson et al.•Journal of Research on Adolescence•2024

  • Mindsets at work

    Open Access•Liping Li, Yao Han et al.•BMC Psychology•2026

  • Exploring EMDR

    Open Access•Laura Piccardi, Samuele Russo et al.•Frontiers in Psychiatry•2025

  • Measuring Self-Control Beliefs

    Open Access•Anssi Bwalya, Polaris Koi et al.•Psychological Reports•2026

  • Group psychological counseling-based growth mindset intervention to promote active aging behaviors in older people

    Open Access•Xiaohua Xiao, Yunying Zhu et al.•BMC Psychology•2025

  • The relationship between growth mindset and adolescent psychological well-being

    Open Access•Wenhui Wang, Shaobin Jia et al.•BMC Psychology•2025

  • Exploring the interaction between growth mindset and self-efficacy in predicting English as a foreign language learning achievement

    Open Access•Yuyang Cai•Studies in Second Language…•2026

  • Impact of growth mindset on science learning engagement for middle school students

    Open Access•Zhiyu Ji, Yinghua Ye•Thinking Skills and Creativity•2026

  • Making failure desired during learning – A quasi-experimental study

    Open Access•Tanmay Sinha•Thinking Skills and Creativity•2026

  • Effect of student engagement on growth mindset in learning English-as-a-foreign-language vocabulary

    Open Access•Neda Soleimani, Erkan Yüce et al.•Language Teaching Research•2026

  • Can GenAI deliver growth-oriented feedback? Evidence for enhancing learners’ growth mindset and adaptive motivation in second language writing

    Open Access•Y Yao, Mi Rong et al.•Journal of Second Language Writing•2026

  • Long-Term Effects of an Intervention Targeting Dimensional and Temporal Comparisons on Students’ Math and English Academic Self-Concepts

    Open Access•Hella Hörsch, Jennifer Schumacher et al.•Educational Psychology Review•2026

  • Experimental evidence on the effects of preservice teachers’ growth and fixed mindsets on teaching self-efficacy and anticipated instructional practices

    Open Access•Patricia Schwiering, Anke Heyder•Learning and Instruction•2026

  • Teachers’ Strategies for Supporting Perfectionistic Students

    Open Access•Danielle S Molnar, Melissa Blackburn et al.•Journal of Psychoeducational…•2026

  • Impact of growth math mindset, learning goals, intrinsic motivation, and math outcomes on STEM career interest among gifted students in STEM education

    Open Access•Sunhee Park, Carolyn M Callahan et al.•Humanities and Social Sciences…•2025

  • Mindsets impact training adaptation and high-pressure performance

    Open Access•David Gray, John Kiely•Frontiers in Sports and Active…•2026

  • Oh, the places you can go … if you ace calculus

    Open Access•Amira Farid Abdelmoteleb Ibrahim, Sarah E McKellar et al.•Frontiers in Education•2025

  • Does teachers’ self-reported growth mindset ensure growth mindset-oriented feedback practices in the classroom

    Open Access•Kai Zhang, Wu-Jing He•Frontiers in Education•2024

  • Setting the stage for learning and student success

    Open Access•Meg Kapil, Allyson F Hadwin•Frontiers in Education•2026

  • Evaluating the Impact of the Language Mindset Toolkit among Thai Undergraduate Students

    Open Access•Jeffrey Dawala Wilang•Education Sciences•2024

  • The Effect of Growth Mindset Interventions on Students’ Self-Regulated Use of Retrieval Practice

    Open Access•Jingshu Xiao, Martine Baars et al.•Education Sciences•2025

  • Validating Scales for Measuring Self-Efficacy, Growth Mindset, and Goal Setting

    Open Access•Nicole Buzzetto-Hollywood, Nicole A Buzzetto-More et al.•Social Sciences•2025

  • Growth mindset beliefs and practices among students and academic advisors

    Open Access•Darby K Matusz, Matthew H Kim et al.•Social Psychology of Education•2026

  • How to boost college students’ pro-environmental behavior

    Mengmeng Fu, Jianwei Zhang et al.•International Journal of…•2025

  • The effects of incorporating mindset intervention in L2 English writing on Chinese college EFL students’ learning engagement and writing performance

    Open Access•Jun Rong, Yaochen Deng et al.•Journal of Second Language Writing•2025

  • Perceived usefulness of English (L2) learning apps and language mindset mediated by flow and motivation intensity

    Aitao Lu, Siyi Liu et al.•Interactive Learning Environments•2024

  • Impact of cumulative family risk on depressive symptoms

    Open Access•Xiaoliu Jiang, Ruilian Shen et al.•Current Psychology•2024

  • Paying attention to mindset measures

    Open Access•Léa Tân Combette, Deborah Kelemen•Current Psychology•2025

  • Academic stress, negative affect, and subjective academic performance

    Open Access•Kei Kwan Lai, Ting Kin Ng et al.•Current Psychology•2026

  • How general control beliefs relate to depressive symptoms in adolescents

    Open Access•Weiquan Ge, Huiqi Wang et al.•Current Psychology•2024

  • An intergenerational transmission of the growth mindset from parents to youngsters

    Open Access•Xiaoyun Ren, Qingling Zhao et al.•Current Psychology•2025

  • Change in chains

    Dana Weimann‐sak, Dana Weimann Saks et al.•International Journal of Conflict…•2026

  • Exploring Barriers and Facilitators to Assessment Performance and Strategies for Change

    Open Access•Leslie Morrison Gutman, Fatima Younas•Higher Education Quarterly•2025

  • Pathways to equity

    Open Access•Ming-Yan Huang, Mengying Huang et al.•International Journal of…•2025

  • A light-touch mindset intervention benefits the growth mindsets of pre-service teachers and their struggling students

    Open Access•Katharina Asbury, Broder Carstensen•Teaching and Teacher Education•2026

  • The Efficacy of a Content Area Reading Comprehension Intervention for Students With Disabilities

    Open Access•Sharon Vaughn, Jeanne Wanzek et al.•Remedial and Special Education•2026

  • Grit, resilience and growth‐mindset interventions in health professional students

    Open Access•Marlena Calo, Belinda Judd et al.•Medical Education•2024

  • Formed in context

    Open Access•Jiaxi Tan, Honghe Li et al.•Medical Education•2025

  • Growth mindsets and research development

    Open Access•Faming Wang, Yanjin Shi et al.•Studies in Higher Education•2026

  • Emotion malleability beliefs matter in emotion regulation

    Yunsu Kim, Sooyeon Kim et al.•Cognition & Emotion•2024

  • Exploring new dimensions of learning growth orientation

    Open Access•Dirk Tempelaar•European Journal of Psychology of…•2026

  • Social context and daily fluctuations in adolescents’ mindset

    Open Access•Ilona M B Benneker, Fanny De Swart et al.•European Journal of Psychology of…•2025

  • Seeing Opportunities From Conflicts

    Open Access•Yuming Wang, Jinlian Luo et al.•Journal of Business Ethics•2025

  • Essentializing Happiness Mitigates the Changes in Subjective Well-Being Following Negative Life Events

    Open Access•Xyle Ku, Seung Eun Cha et al.•Personality and Social Psychology…•2026

  • How do parental support profiles moderate the relationship between growth mindset on mathematics achievement? Evidence from Chinese junior high school students

    Open Access•Hui‐bo Ma, Hui-Bo Ma et al.•British Educational Research…•2026

  • Growth Mindsets and Achievement

    Open Access•Seong Won Han, F Borgonovi•Journal of Adolescence•2026

  • Autonomy support, personality, and mindset in predicting academic performance among early adolescents

    Open Access•Sakhavat Mammadov, Dogan Tozoglu•Psychology in the Schools•2023

  • Factors that predict adolescents' engagement with STEM in and out of school

    Open Access•Kelly Lynn Mulvey, Jacqueline Cerda‐smith et al.•Psychology in the Schools•2023

  • Strong and Belong

    Open Access•Jeffrey P Winer, Seetha Davis et al.•Psychology in the Schools•2026

  • Does growth mindset benefit negative mental health among middle school students

    Open Access•Weina Lei, Weiping Hu et al.•Psychology in the Schools•2024

  • Questioning Your Brilliance in Physics

    Open Access•Fargol Seifollahi, Christian D Schunn et al.•Journal of Research in Science…•2026

  • Is Emotion the Engine? Positive Affect as the Mediator Between Employee Mindset and Performance in a Three-Wave Study

    Zselyke Pap, Delia Vîrgă et al.•The Journal of Psychology•2025

  • Enhancing primary school learning through growth mindset and memory strategy interventions

    Open Access•Rémi Dorgnier, Marie Mazerolle et al.•The Journal of Educational Research•2025

  • Comparing a sociological and psychological approach to summer bridge programs

    Open Access•Izaak Dekker, Lieve de Coninck et al.•Higher Education•2025

  • Humanizing or mechanizing the self? How mindset moderates AI usage on employee self-perception and job crafting

    Open Access•Xinyan Mu, Jiayi Zheng et al.•Acta Psychologica•2026

  • Beyond the business plan

    Open Access•Yingmei Li, Caichanv Zhang•Acta Psychologica•2026

  • Competence perceptions predict science task values amid gendered ability beliefs

    Open Access•Eva Li, Valerie Laws Backstrom et al.•Acta Psychologica•2026

  • A Metaanalysis of the relationship between growth mindset and mental health in Chinese samples

    Open Access•Xiaoli Yang, Jianmei Yang et al.•Acta Psychologica•2024

  • Can growth grow? Measuring growth rate orientation (GRO) beliefs

    Open Access•Luke D Rutten, Katherine Muenks•Social Psychology of Education•2025

  • Does parental support amplify growth mindset predictions for student achievement and persistence? Cross-cultural findings from 76 countries/regions

    Open Access•Hyun Ji Lee, Norman B Mendoza•Social Psychology of Education•2025

  • Implicit measure of growth mindset

    Open Access•Jiesi Guo, Xin Sun et al.•Social Psychology of Education•2025

  • Do growth mindsets reduce the big-fish-little-pond effect

    Open Access•Christopher A Stockus, Ethan Zell•Social Psychology of Education•2025

  • Delivering mindset interventions to teachers as an efficient way to leverage the impact of mindset interventions

    Open Access•Léa Tân Combette, Jean‐Yves Rotgé et al.•Social Psychology of Education•2023

  • Do students’ mindsets about emotional intelligence change over secondary school? Developmental paths in adolescence

    Open Access•Ana Costa, Luísa Faria•Social Psychology of Education•2025

  • Fixed is not the opposite of growth

    Open Access•David Joachim Grüning, Beatrice Rammstedt et al.•Social Psychology of Education•2023

  • Teachers’ support for growth mindset and its links with students’ growth mindset, academic engagement, and achievements in lower secondary school

    Open Access•Lene Vestad, Edvin Bru•Social Psychology of Education•2023

  • Similarities in mindset between adolescents’ friends and cooperation partners

    Open Access•Ilona M B Benneker, Nikki Lee et al.•Social Psychology of Education•2025

  • Growth mindset in Chinese culture

    Open Access•Yuhan Wang, Xin Sun•Social Psychology of Education•2025

  • Detrimental effects of instructors’ fixed mindsets on students’ anticipated motivation and emotions in secondary and higher education

    Open Access•Anke Heyder, Hanna Pegels•Social Psychology of Education•2025

  • Growth mindset strengthens the relationship between intercultural attitudes and global citizenship competence in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Thailand

    Open Access•Rene Nob, Allan B I Bernardo et al.•Social Psychology of Education•2025

  • Growth mindset of socioeconomic status boosts academic-related outcomes

    Open Access•Shan Zhao, Hongfei Du et al.•Social Psychology of Education•2025

  • Teacher support as a context of growth mindset in predicting reading achievement

    Open Access•Yuyang Cai, Keke Xing et al.•Social Psychology of Education•2025

  • Growth mindset and social comparison effects in a peer virtual learning environment

    Open Access•Pamela Sheffler, Cecilia S Cheung•Social Psychology of Education•2023

  • How students' perceptions of older siblings' mindsets relate to their math motivation, behavior, and emotion

    Open Access•Shengjie Lin, Katherine Muenks•Social Psychology of Education•2025

  • From beliefs to behaviors

    Open Access•Norman B Mendoza, Zi Yan•Social Psychology of Education•2025

  • Growth mindsets of people can promote interracial contact intentions among White Americans via positive expectations and reduced anxiety

    Open Access•Crystal L Hoyt, Dana Rafferty et al.•Group Processes & Intergroup…•2023

  • A Latent Class Analysis Predicting STEM Career Interest and Perceptions of Barriers

    Open Access•Kelly Lynn Mulvey, Jacqueline Cerda‐smith et al.•Social Development•2025

  • Characterising high school students’ interest trajectory profiles

    Shotaro Naganuma, Rujun Xu•International Journal of Science…•2024

  • Mindset profiles and their relationship with self-regulated learning strategy use and English learning achievement

    Open Access•Barry Bai, Jiatong Zhang et al.•System•2025

  • The effect of teacher data use professional development interventions on student achievement

    Open Access•Susanne Spiele, Jeroen J H M Janssen et al.•Studies In Educational Evaluation•2025

  • Teacher Beliefs and Student Learning

    Open Access•Sharon Wolf, Autumn Brown•Human Development•2023

  • Autonomy matters

    Open Access•Yukun Zhao, Zhen Huang et al.•Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology•2023

  • Personal qualities are malleable and fixed

    Open Access•Chi‐yue Chiu, Yuk‐Yue Tong et al.•Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology•2023

  • Connecting the Student Belonging and Growth Mindset Research with College Teaching in Prison

    Valerio Baćak, Thomas N Bradbury et al.•Journal of Criminal Justice…•2026

  • Investigating preservice teachers' field-specific ability beliefs

    Open Access•Katharina Asbury, Janina Roloff et al.•Teaching and Teacher Education•2023

  • Is the devil in the details? A qualitative exploration of differentiated mindsets during job search

    Open Access•Lauren A Keating, Peter A Heslin•Applied Psychology•2024

  • The effects of employees' digital growth mindset and supervisors’ coaching behaviour on digital self-efficacy

    Open Access•Qinxian Liu, Taro Kamioka•Technology in Society•2025

  • Both Student and School Growth Mindsets are Linked with Well-being

    Open Access•Ma Jenina N Nalipay, Jiajing Li et al.•Child Indicators Research•2026

  • Parent–adolescent discrepancies in mindset of intelligence and their associations with grit and mental health among adolescents

    Open Access•Shan Zhao, Qinglu Wu et al.•Social Psychology of Education•2026

  • “Who evaluates immigrant students differently? Not me!”

    Open Access•Hajo Zeeb, Flora Witte et al.•Social Psychology of Education•2026

  • Resilient assessment in the age of AI

    Open Access•Graham Perkins•Assessment & Evaluation in Higher…•2026

  • Growth Mindset in the Turkish Context

    Open Access•Feyza Filizay, Mehmet Kavakli et al.•Japanese Psychological Research•2026

  • Is perfectionism associated to a fixed mindset? A review and two studies with the Model of Excellencism and Perfectionism

    Open Access•Patrick Gaudreau, Patrick Racine et al.•Social Psychology of Education•2025

  • Striving to reach the “native speaker standard”

    Open Access•Nigel Mantou Lou, Kimberly A Noels•International Journal of…•2024

  • Examining the costs and benefits to lay theories of life satisfaction

    Open Access•Samantha Kszan, Michael A Busseri•Journal of Research in Personality•2025

  • Deepening Learning and Addressing Inequalities

    Open Access•Samantha Nousak, Leanne Barry et al.•Teaching Sociology•2024

  • Intelligence Mindsets Trajectory Profiles among Chinese Elementary School Students

    Open Access•Cai Qi, Xiaolin Guo et al.•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•2025

  • Growth Mindset in Action

    Open Access•Eunchul Seo, So Yeon Lee et al.•Journal of Youth and Adolescence•2025

  • An Analysis of Growth Mindset Theory and Interventions in Education

    Open Access•Ilya Zrudlo•Studies in Philosophy and Education•2026

Unique citing works112
Citations per year37,33
Citation span2023 - 2026 (4)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedYes
Citation typesNeutral: 112

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