Social inequalities and prevalence of depressive symptoms

A cross-sectional study of women in a Mexican border city, 2014

Bibliographic Data

ID14968252
AuthorsAlhelí Calderon-Villarreal (0000-0003-1064-7097, El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Tijuana, Mexico.), Óscar J Mújica (0000-0002-2893-4206, Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization, Washington, DC, United States of America.), Ietza Bojorquez (0000-0003-1723-7269, El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, corresponding author)
Year2020
Volume44
Pages1
Publication date2020-02-05
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueRevista Panamericana de Salud Pública (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1020-4989 • E-ISSN: 1680-5348
PublisherPan American Health Organization (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.26633/rpsp.2020.9
PMID32038725
OpenAlexW3001361907
LanguageEN
Citations received2
References cited18

Objective. To assess the association between intersectional disadvantage and clinically significant depressive symptoms (CSDS), describing the magnitude of social inequalities in the prevalence of symptoms among adult women in Tijuana, Mexico. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study. CSDS were assessed using the Centers for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale among a probability sample of 2 345 women from 18 – 65 years of age in 2014. CSDS prevalence was calculated according to categories of three social stratifiers: socioeconomic status (SES), educational attainment, and fertility (number of children). Social inequality was measured with the slope index of inequality (SII) and the concentration index (CIx). Intersectionality among stratifiers was explored descriptively and with multivariable regression analysis. Results. CSDS prevalence was 17.7% (95%CI: 15.1% – 21.0%). The SII and CIx showed inequity in all social stratifiers. The absolute difference in CSDS prevalence between the lowest and highest ends of the SES gradient was 21.9% (95%CI: 21.5% – 22.4%). Among the most disadvantaged women, i.e., those at the intersection of lowest SES, lowest educational attainment, and highest fertility, the CSDS prevalence was 39.5% (95% CI: 26.0% – 52.9%). Conclusions. Disadvantage along multiple axes was associated with CSDS. Efforts to improve the mental health of women should include equity-oriented policies that address its social determinants

Cross-sectional study · Disadvantage · Disadvantaged · Educational attainment · Inequality · Intersectionality · Political science · Population · Social inequality · Socioeconomic status · Sociology · Demography · Employment and Welfare Studies · Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations · Gender Studies · Health disparities and outcomes · Medicine · Psychology

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