Vitamin D intakes of adults differ by income, gender and race/ethnicity in the USA, 2007 to 2010
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 15097132 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Carolyn E Moore (0000-0001-9265-2564, Texas Woman's University, corresponding author), John D Radcliffe (Texas Woman's University), Yan Liu (0000-0002-1612-779X) |
| Year | 2014 |
| Volume | 17 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 756-763 |
| Publication date | 2014-04-01 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Public Health Nutrition (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1368-9800 • E-ISSN: 1475-2727 |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press (CUP) (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1017/s1368980013002929 |
| PMID | 24176054 |
| OpenAlex | W2078136401 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 2 |
| References cited | 28 |
Objective To determine if dietary, supplemental and total vitamin D intakes in the USA are influenced by income, race/ethnicity or gender. Design Cross-sectional. US vitamin D intakes were estimated by poverty income ratio (PIR), race/ethnicity and gender using 24 h dietary intake recalls and dietary supplement use questionnaires. Statistical analyses of weighted data were performed using SAS (version 9·2) to estimate means and their standard errors. Race and ethnic intake differences controlling for PIR, gender and age were assessed by ANCOVA. Subjects Adults aged ≥19 years. Setting The 2007–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, USA. Results Total (dietary and supplement) vitamin D intake was greater in the high (10·0 ( se 0·30) μg/d) v . the medium (7·9 ( se 0·3) μg/d) or the low (8·0 ( se 0·3) μg/d) PIR categories. Total vitamin D intake of non-Hispanic Whites (10·6 ( se 0·4) μg/d) was greater than that of Hispanics (8·1 ( se 0·3) μg/d) and non-Hispanic Blacks (7·1 ( se 0·3) μg/d). Supplemental vitamin D intake was greater by females (5·3 ( se 0·2) μg/d) than by males (3·3 ( se 0·2) μg/d). Participants with high income were more likely to be vitamin D supplement users (33·0 %) than those with medium (22·5 %) or low (17·6 %) income. High-income non-Hispanic Whites had the lowest percentage (57 %) not meeting the Estimated Average Requirement for vitamin D. Fortified milk and milk products provided 43·7 % of the dietary vitamin D intake. Conclusions Public health efforts should expand the number of vitamin D-fortified foods and encourage the consumption of foods high in vitamin D and use of supplements
Environmental health · Ethnic group · Low income · National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey · Population · Poverty · Vitamin · Vitamin D and neurology · Demography · Medicine · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Sodium Intake and Health · Vitamin D Research Studies · Endocrinology · Gerontology
| Citations per year | 0.67 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2023 - 2024 (2) |
| Highly cited | No |