Anthropogenic Rare Earth Elements
Gadolinium in a Small Catchment in Guizhou Province, Southwest China
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 15514364 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Jue Zhang (0000-0003-3427-3456, Guizhou University), Zhuhong Wang (Guiyang Medical University, corresponding author), Qixin Wu (0000-0002-4231-509X, Guizhou University, corresponding author), Yanling An (0000-0003-2351-615X, Guizhou Institute of Technology), Huipeng Jia (Guizhou University), Yuanyi Shen (Guizhou University) |
| Year | 2019 |
| Volume | 16 |
| Issue | 20 |
| Pages | 4052-4052 |
| Publication date | 2019-10-22 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1661-7827 • E-ISSN: 1660-4601 |
| Publisher | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (PUBLISHER • CH) |
| DOI | 10.3390/ijerph16204052 |
| PMID | 31652627 |
| OpenAlex | W2981943561 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 2 |
| References cited | 56 |
Rare earth elements (REEs), known as "industrial vitamins", are widely used in medical treatment, industry, agriculture, etc. However, with the increasing demand for REEs, excess REEs, such as gadolinium (Gd), are considered micropollutants in the environment. In this paper, the distributions of dissolved REEs were analyzed in three small streams, in order to determine the extent and occurrence of Gd anomalies. The shale-normalized REE patterns in the three streams were less smooth with heavy REEs higher than light REEs, for a weak reaction of the heavy REE complexes. A negative Ce (cerium) anomaly and positive samarium (Sm) and europium (Eu) anomalies were observed in the three streams and the negative Ce anomaly was affected by the pH of the alkaline rivers. However, a positive Gd anomaly was found in only a typical urban small stream, Jinzhong. With a population of approximately 60,000, Jinzhong runs by a hospital and through wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The concentrations of Gd in Jinzhong ranged from 1.54 to 86.65 ng/L with high anthropogenic Gd proportions (63.64%-98.07%). Anthropogenic Gd showed significant seasonal variations and distinct spatial disparities from upstream to downstream, and it was associated with certain ions such as Cl - . Anthropogenic Gd could be attributed to gadopentetic acid (Gd-DTPA), which is used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in hospitals. This type of Gd was shown to be correlated with municipal wastewater. Due to the high stability and low particulate reactivity in water, anthropogenic Gd has great potential to serve as a tracer to prove the presence of medical wastewater
Archaeology · Cartography · Catchment area · China · Drainage basin · Earth science · Gadolinium · Geography · Physical geography · Rare earth · Chemistry · Environmental Science · Extraction and Separation Processes · Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis · Radioactive element chemistry and processing · Geology
| Citations per year | 0.4 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2021 - 2021 (1) |
| Highly cited | No |