Postdecision Evidence Integration and Depressive Symptoms

Bibliographic Data

ID15520385
AuthorsMadeleine Moses-Payne (0000-0001-7837-1096, University College London, corresponding author), Madeleine E Moses-Payne, Max Rollwage (0000-0003-4181-3983, University College London), Susan M Fleming (0000-0003-0233-4891, University College London), Jonathan P Roiser (0000-0001-8269-1228, University College London)
Year2019
Volume10
Pages639-639
Publication date2019-09-23
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueFrontiers in Psychiatry (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1664-0640 • E-ISSN: 1664-0640
PublisherFrontiers Media (PUBLISHER • CH)
DOI10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00639
PMID31607959
OpenAlexW2965274494
LanguageEN
Citations received8
References cited48

Background: Metacognition, or the ability to reflect on one's own thoughts, may be important in the development of depressive symptoms. Recent work has reported that depressive symptoms were associated with lower metacognitive bias (overall confidence) during perceptual decision making and a trend toward a positive association with metacognitive sensitivity (the ability to discriminate correct and incorrect decisions). Here, we extended this work, investigating whether confidence judgments are more malleable in individuals experiencing depressive symptoms. We hypothesized that depressive symptoms would be associated with greater adjustment of confidence in light of new evidence presented after a perceptual decision had been made. Methods: Participants (N = 416) were recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk. Metacognitive confidence was assessed through two perceptual decision-making tasks. In both tasks, participants made a decision about which of two squares contained more dots. In the first task, participants rated their confidence immediately following the decision, whereas in the second task, participants observed new evidence (always in the same direction as initial evidence) before rating their confidence. Participants also completed questionnaires measuring depressive symptoms and self-esteem. Analysis: Metacognitive bias was calculated as overall mean confidence, whereas metacognitive sensitivity was calculated using meta-d' (a response-bias free measure of how closely confidence tracks task performance) in the first task. Postdecision evidence integration (PDEI) was defined as the change in confidence following postdecision evidence on the second task. Results: Participants with more depressive symptoms made greater confidence adjustments (i.e., greater PDEI) in light of new evidence (β = 0.119, p = 0.045), confirming our main hypothesis. We also observed that lower overall confidence was associated with greater depressive symptoms, although this narrowly missed statistical significance (β = -0.099, p = 0.056), and we did not find an association between metacognitive sensitivity (meta-d') and depressive symptoms. Notably, self-esteem was robustly associated with overall confidence (β = 0.203, p Conclusions: We found that individuals with depressive symptoms were more influenced by postdecisional evidence, adjusting their confidence more in light of new evidence. Individuals with low self-esteem were less confident about their initial decisions. This study should be replicated in a clinically depressed sample

Cognition · Cognitive psychology · Confidence interval · Depressive symptoms · Metacognition · Perception · Psychiatry · Self-confidence · Task (project management · Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes · Clinical Psychology · Medicine · Mental Health Research Topics · Pain Management and Placebo Effect · Psychology · Social Psychology · Internal Medicine

Tools

Open DOISci-HubOpen Access