Drivers of increasing global crop production

A decomposition analysis

Bibliographic Data

ID15544210
AuthorsLinus Blomqvist (0000-0001-5781-6877, University of California, Santa Barbara, corresponding author), Luke A Yates (0000-0002-1685-3169, University of Tasmania), B W Brooks (0000-0002-2491-1517, University of Tasmania)
Year2020
Volume15
Issue9
Pages0940b6-0940b6
Publication date2020-09-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueEnvironmental Research Letters (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1748-9326 • E-ISSN: 1748-9326
PublisherIOP Publishing (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1088/1748-9326/ab9e9c
OpenAlexW3084364954
LanguageEN
Citations received3
References cited24

Rising crop production over the last half century has had far-reaching consequences for human welfare and the environment. With food demand projected to rise, one of the central challenges in minimizing agriculture’s impacts on the climate and biodiversity is to increase crop production with higher yields rather than more cropland. However, quantifying progress is challenging. When analyzed at the most aggregated, global level, yields can be defined as the total crop output per unit area per year, but aggregate yields are driven by multiple factors, only some of which have a clear relationship to improved agricultural production. To date, there is no research that simultaneously determines how much of rising crop production has been met by rising aggregate yields versus cropland expansion, while also quantifying the unique contribution of each yield driver. Using LMDI decomposition analysis, we find that rising aggregate yields contributed far more than cropland expansion (89% compared to 11%). That is, growing global food demand has by and large been met by growing more crops on the same amount of land, rather than expanding cropland. Our second-stage decomposition showed that nearly two-thirds of aggregate yield improvements have come from pure yield, or the output of a given crop per unit of harvested cropland area in a given country per unit area per year. The remainder has come from less-discussed drivers of aggregate yields, including cropping intensity, changes in the geographic distribution of cropland, and crop composition. Further, we use attribution analysis to show the contributions to different decomposition factors from countries grouped by climate, income, and region, as well as from different crops. Such granular yet comprehensive breakdowns of crop production and aggregate yields offer more accurate forecasts and can help focus policies on the most promising levers to meet rising food demand sustainably

Aggregate (composite · Agricultural economics · Agricultural engineering · Agriculture · Agronomy · Crop · Crop residue · Crop yield · Cropping · Economics · Geography · Production (economics · Unit (ring theory · Yield (engineering · Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact · Climate change impacts on agriculture · Environmental Impact and Sustainability · Environmental Science · Mathematics · Forestry

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