Common but differentiated leadership

Strategies and challenges for carbon neutrality by 2050 across industrialized economies

Bibliographic Data

ID15544448
AuthorsFelix Schreyer (0000-0003-0376-2599, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, corresponding author), Gunnar Luderer (0000-0002-9057-6155, Technische Universität Berlin), Renato Rodrigues (0009-0000-5189-986X, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research), Robert Pietzcker (0000-0002-9403-6711, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research), Lavinia Baumstark (0000-0002-6979-6671, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research), M Sugiyama (0000-0002-2038-1045, Institute for Future Engineering), Robert J Brecha (0000-0002-6716-6545, University of Dayton), Falko Ueckerdt (0000-0001-5585-030X, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research)
Year2020
Volume15
Issue11
Pages114016-114016
Publication date2020-10-16
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueEnvironmental Research Letters (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1748-9326 • E-ISSN: 1748-9326
PublisherIOP Publishing (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1088/1748-9326/abb852
OpenAlexW3094406184
LanguageEN
Citations received7
References cited46

Given their historic emissions and economic capability, we analyze a leadership role for representative industrialized regions (EU, US, Japan, and Australia) in the global climate mitigation effort. Using the global integrated assessment model REMIND, we systematically compare region-specific mitigation strategies and challenges of reaching domestic net-zero carbon emissions in 2050. Embarking from different emission profiles and trends, we find that all of the regions have technological options and mitigation strategies to reach carbon neutrality by 2050. Regional characteristics are mostly related to different land availability, population density and population trends: While Japan is resource limited with respect to onshore wind and solar power and has constrained options for carbon dioxide removal (CDR), their declining population significantly decreases future energy demand. In contrast, Australia and the US benefit from abundant renewable resources, but face challenges to curb industry and transport emissions given increasing populations and high per-capita energy use. In the EU, lack of social acceptance or EU-wide cooperation might endanger the ongoing transition to a renewable-based power system. CDR technologies are necessary for all regions, as residual emissions cannot be fully avoided by 2050. For Australia and the US, in particular, CDR could reduce the required transition pace, depth and costs. At the same time, this creates the risk of a carbon lock-in, if decarbonization ambition is scaled down in anticipation of CDR technologies that fail to deliver. Our results suggest that industrialized economies can benefit from cooperation based on common themes and complementary strengths. This may include trade of electricity-based fuels and materials as well as the exchange of regional experience on technology scale-up and policy implementation

Business · Climate change mitigation · Economics · Greenhouse gas · Natural resource economics · Per capita · Population · Renewable energy · Wind power · Climate Change Policy and Economics · Engineering · Environmental Impact and Sustainability · Social Acceptance of Renewable Energy · Ecology

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