Comparison of food supply system in China and Japan based on food nitrogen footprints estimated by a top-down method
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 15544987 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Junko Shindo (0000-0002-6320-1980, Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency, corresponding author), Azusa Oita (0000-0002-1876-2033, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization), Kentaro Hayashi (0000-0002-2936-9544, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization), Hideaki Shibata (0000-0002-8968-3594, Hokkaido University) |
| Year | 2020 |
| Volume | 16 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 045003-045003 |
| Publication date | 2020-11-25 |
| Open Access | Yes |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | Environmental Research Letters (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 1748-9326 • E-ISSN: 1748-9326 |
| Publisher | IOP Publishing (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1088/1748-9326/abcd5b |
| OpenAlex | W3109154069 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 3 |
| References cited | 26 |
Food nitrogen footprints (N-footprints) for China in 2013 and Japan in 2011 were estimated with a top-down method (the N-Input method). This method evaluates the new nitrogen input for food production in both the country of interest and the countries from which food is imported. The food N-footprints in China and Japan were 21.96 kg N capita –1 yr –1 and 18.44 kg N capita –1 yr –1 , respectively, which were similar to published values estimated with the N-calculator method, which evaluates nitrogen loss to the environment during production and consumption. To compare the nitrogen use efficiency for different type of food supplied in both countries, we calculated the ratio ( R I/O ) of new nitrogen input to nitrogen output to each type of food domestically produced and imported. R I/O for crops tended to be larger in China than in Japan, whereas the opposite was observed for livestock products. The larger N-footprint in China was mainly attributable to the higher per capita protein intake in China compared with Japan; per capita nitrogen intake in China has been increasing and is 6.95 kg N yr –1 in 2013, exceeding the intake in Japan (5.86 kg N yr –1 in 2011). We also showed that R I/O can be converted to the virtual nitrogen factors, which can be used for N-calculator method, in heavy food importing countries. Some methodological differences in food N-footprint estimation methods were discussed. For example, approximately 10% of the N-footprint in both countries by the N-Input method was attributable to supply of secondary products such as sugar, vegetable oil and alcoholic beverages, but these were not included in the N-calculator method
Agricultural economics · Agricultural science · Agriculture · China · Economics · Food processing · Geography · Livestock · Nitrogen · Per capita · Population · Production (economics · Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact · Chemistry · Environmental Impact and Sustainability · Environmental Science · Mathematics · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Demography · Food Science · Forestry
A nitrogen footprint model to help consumers understand their role in nitrogen losses to the environment
Managing nitrogen for sustainable development
Too much of a good thing
How a century of ammonia synthesis changed the world
Transformation of the Nitrogen Cycle
The Nitrogen Cascade
Nitrogen Cycles
Reducing nitrogen footprints of consumer-level food loss and protein overconsumption in Japan, considering gender and age differences
How China’s nitrogen footprint of food has changed from 1961 to 2010
Virtual nitrogen factors and nitrogen footprints associated with nitrogen loss and food wastage of China’s main food crops
Concealed nitrogen footprint in protein-free foods
First approach to the Japanese nitrogen footprint model to predict the loss of nitrogen to the environment
Year Trends in Nitrogen Use Efficiency of World Cropping Systems
The nitrogen footprint of food products and general consumption patterns in Austria
Nitrogen footprints
Food nitrogen footprint reductions related to a balanced Japanese diet
| Citations per year | 0.6 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2021 - 2025 (5) |
| Highly cited | No |