Human influence on frequency of temperature extremes

Bibliographic Data

ID15546159
AuthorsTing Hu (0000-0003-3770-6309, China Meteorological Administration), Ying Sun (0009-0008-7911-9034, China Meteorological Administration, corresponding author), Xuebin Zhang (0000-0002-9012-8491, Environment and Climate Change Canada), Seung‐Ki Min (0000-0002-6749-010X, Pohang University of Science and Technology), Yeon‐Hee Kim (0000-0003-0233-1690, Pohang University of Science and Technology)
Year2020
Volume15
Issue6
Pages064014-064014
Publication date2020-03-30
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueEnvironmental Research Letters (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 1748-9326 • E-ISSN: 1748-9326
PublisherIOP Publishing (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1088/1748-9326/ab8497
OpenAlexW3014266841
LanguageEN
Citations received5
References cited31

We investigate the influence of external forcings on the frequency of temperature extremes over land at the global and continental scales by comparing HadEX3 observations and simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Programme Phase 6 (CMIP6) project. We consider four metrics including warm days and nights (TX90p and TN90p) and cold days and nights (TX10p and TN10p). The observational dataset during 1951–2018 shows continued increases in the warm days and nights and decreases in the cold days and nights in most land areas in the years after 2010. The area of the so-called ‘warming hole’ in North America is much reduced in 1951–2018 compared with that in 1951–2010. The comparison between observation and simulations based on an optimal fingerprinting method shows that the anthropogenic forcing, dominated by greenhouse gases, plays the most important role in the changes of the frequency indices. Changes in CMIP6 multi-model mean response to all forcing need to be scaled down to best match the observations, indicating that the multi-model ensemble mean may have overestimated the observed changes. Analyses that involve signals from anthropogenic and natural external forcings confirm that the anthropogenic signal can be detected over global land as a whole and for most continents in all temperature indices. Analyses that include signals from greenhouse gas (GHG), anthropogenic aerosol (AA) and natural external (NAT) forcings show that the GHG signal is detected in all indices over the globe and most continents while the AA signal can be detected mainly in the warm extremes but not the cold extremes over the globe and most continents. The effect of NAT is negligible in most land areas. GHG’s warming effect is offset partially by AA’s cooling effect. The combined effects from both explain most of the observed changes over the globe and continents

Atmospheric sciences · Climate change · Climate model · Climatology · Coupled model intercomparison project · Forcing (mathematics · Greenhouse gas · Mean radiant temperature · Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics · Climate variability and models · Environmental Science · Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations · Geology

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