Prevalence of the Double Burden of Malnutrition among Adolescents

Associations with Lifestyle Behaviors and Clusters of Social Determinants

Bibliographic Data

ID15714737
AuthorsRaytta Silva Viana (0000-0001-5856-6611, Universidade de São Paulo), Marcus Vinicius Nascimento-Ferreira (0000-0002-6344-1044, Universidade de São Paulo), Beatriz D Schaan (0000-0002-2128-8387, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul), Katia Vergetti Bloch (0000-0002-6992-3159, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro), Kênia Mara Baiocchi De Carvalho (0000-0003-2799-1038, Universidade de Brasília), Felipe Vogt Cureau (0000-0001-7255-9717, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul), Augusto César Ferreira De Moraes (0000-0002-5763-435X, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, corresponding author)
Year2024
Volume11
Issue6
Pages620-620
Publication date2024-05-22
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessYes
TypeARTICLE
VenueChildren (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 2227-9067 • E-ISSN: 2227-9067
PublisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (PUBLISHER • CH)
DOI10.3390/children11060620
PMID38929200
OpenAlexW4398201809
LanguageEN
Citations received2
References cited65

The double burden of malnutrition (DBM) is a condition in which malnutrition coexists with overweight, reflecting a new layer of malnutrition. Our objectives were to assess prevalence; test associations between DBM and 24-hour movement behaviors; and investigate whether DBM is associated with clusters of social determinants. Methods: This multicenter cross-sectional study included 1152 adolescents (12 to 17 years old) from four Brazilian cities. Body mass index (BMI, kg/m 2 ) was used to estimate overweight, and the adopted cutoff points took into account the curves established for age and sex: Z-score > 1 and ≤2 (overweight) and Z-score > 2 (obesity). The serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was stratified into three levels: vitamin D deficiency ≤ 20 ng/mL; vitamin D insufficiency = 21-29 ng/mL; optimal vitamin D ≥ 30 ng/mL. We used multilevel Poisson regression models to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) and to analyze the association between DBM and covariates. A significance level of p < 0.05 was considered. Cluster analyses were performed by applying a combination of hierarchical and non-hierarchical methods. Results: A population prevalence of DBM of 7.3% (95% CI: 5.9-8.9) was revealed. A percentage of 19.2% (95% CI: 17.0-21.6) of adolescents were overweight, and 8.3% (95% CI: 6.8-10.1) were obese. A total of 41.5% (95% CI: 38.7-44.4) had vitamin D deficiency, and 25.8% (95% CI: 23.4-28.4) had vitamin D insufficiency. However, 24-hour movement behaviors were not associated with DBM. Adolescents living in the southern region of the country, from public schools whose mothers have higher education, have a 1.94 [PR = 2.94 (95% CI: 1.20-7.23)] times greater chance of developing DBM. These results highlight the importance of specific factors to improve the nutritional health of adolescents, considering the specific social determinants identified in this study

Body mass index · Cluster (spacecraft · Confidence interval · Cross-sectional study · Environmental health · Malnutrition · Obesity · Overweight · Poisson regression · Population · Vitamin D and neurology · vitamin D deficiency · Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues · Child Nutrition and Water Access · Demography · Medicine · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet · Internal Medicine

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