Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Boys' Cognitive Skill Formation and Physical Growth

Long-Term Experimental Evidence on Critical Ages for Early Childhood Interventions

Bibliographic Data

ID19038779
AuthorsTania Barham (0000-0002-7889-2200, University of Colorado Boulder, corresponding author), Karen Macours (0000-0002-1585-4418, Paris School of Economics), John A Maluccio (0000-0003-1849-7759, Middlebury College)
Year2013
Volume103
Issue3
Pages467-471
Publication date2013-05-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueAmerican Economic Review (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0002-8282 • E-ISSN: 1944-7981
PublisherAmerican Economic Association (PUBLISHER • US)
DOI10.1257/aer.103.3.467
PMID29524932
OpenAlexW1988095590
LanguageEN
Citations received28
References cited15

It is often assumed that early life circumstances, in particular before age two, are important for later human capital development. Using experimental variation in the timing of benefits from a conditional cash transfer program, we test the hypothesis that intervention starting in utero and continuing in the first two years is critical. At age ten, boys exposed to the program during this period had better cognitive, but not anthropometric, outcomes than those exposed in their second year of life or later. The lack of a differential effect on anthropometrics was due catch-up growth

Anthropometry · Child development · Cognition · Cognitive development · Conditional cash transfer · Developmental psychology · Early childhood · Early childhood intervention · Economic growth · Economics · Human capital · Life course approach · Psychological intervention · Birth, Development, and Health · Demography · Early Childhood Education and Development · Medicine · Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare · Psychology

  • Promoting child development through group-based parent support within a cash transfer program

    Lia C H Fernald, Rose M C Kagawa et al.•Developmental Psychology•2017

  • Shared Prosperity

    Open Access•Emanuela Galasso, Francisco H G Ferreira et al.•2018

  • Experimental Evidence from a Conditional Cash Transfer Program

    Open Access•Tania Barham, Karen Macours et al.•Journal of the European Economic…•2024

  • Childhood obesity among the poor in Peru

    Open Access•Suzanne L W Wisniewski, Suzanne L Wisniewski•Economics & Human Biology•2017

  • Nutrition improvement program for rural compulsory education students and individual health

    Open Access•Yinhe Liang, Xiyin Chen et al.•Frontiers in Public Health•2022

  • Middle-run educational impacts of comprehensive early childhood interventions

    Open Access•Britta Rude•Journal of Population Economics•2024

  • When the money runs out

    Open Access•Sarah Baird, Craig Mcintosh et al.•Journal of Development Economics•2019

  • Asset transfers and anti-poverty programs

    Open Access•Sarah Baird, Craig Mcintosh et al.•Journal of Development Economics•2023

  • Long‐term impacts of primary school scholarships

    Open Access•FELIPE BARRERA‐OSORIO, Andreas de Barros et al.•Journal of Policy Analysis and…•2023

  • Impact of the NREGS on Children’s Intellectual Human Capital

    Subha Mani, Jere R Behrman et al.•The Journal of Development Studies•2020

  • Childhood Circumstances and Adult Outcomes

    Douglas Almond, Janet Currie et al.•Journal of Economic Literature•2018

  • Does targeted poverty alleviation improve cognitive ability? Evidence from a quasi-experiment in China

    Xianglin Zhang, Dian Chen et al.•Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy•2026

  • Texting parents about early child development

    Open Access•Oscar Barrera-Rodríguez, Oscar Barrera Rodriguez et al.•Journal of Development Economics•2026

  • Sustaining Impacts When Transfers End

    Karen Macours, Renos Vakis•National Bureau of Economic…•2016

  • Second generation effects of an experimental conditional cash transfer program on early childhood human capital in Nicaragua

    Open Access•Tania Barham, Oscar M Díaz-Botía et al.•Economics & Human Biology•2025

  • Experimental long-term effects of early-childhood and school-age exposure to a conditional cash transfer program

    Open Access•Teresa Molina-Millán, Teresa Molina Millán et al.•Journal of Development Economics•2019

  • Texting Parents about Early Child Development

    Óscar Barrera, Karen Macours et al.•2020

  • Long-Term Impacts of Conditional Cash Transfers

    Open Access•Teresa Molina-Millán, Teresa Molina Millán et al.•The World Bank Research Observer•2018

  • The long-term effects of cash transfer programmes on young adults’ mental health

    Open Access•Annie Zimmerman, Mauricio Avendaño et al.•Health Policy and Planning•2025

  • Do cash transfers have impacts on student Academic, cognitive, and enrollment outcomes? Evidence from rural China

    Open Access•Lei Zhou, Bo Jiang et al.•Children and Youth Services Review•2020

  • Tackling Social Exclusion

    Open Access•Pedro Carneiro, Emanuela Galasso et al.•The Economic Journal•2019

  • Critical Periods in Cognitive and Socioemotional Development

    Open Access•Duncan Webb•The Economic Journal•2024

  • Impact of the Juntos Conditional Cash Transfer Program on Nutritional and Cognitive Outcomes in Peru

    Alan Sánchez, Guido Meléndez et al.•Economic Development and Cultural…•2020

  • Women's Political Reservation, Early Childhood Development, and Learning in India

    Yuvraj Pathak, Karen Macours•Economic Development and Cultural…•2017

  • Les conséquences démographiques des sièges de Paris, 1870-1871

    Open Access•Denis Cogneau, Lionel Kesztenbaum et al.•Population•2021

  • Can Conditional Cash Transfers Alter the Effectiveness of Other Human Capital Development Policies

    Diether Wolfgang Beuermann Mendoza, Andrea Ramos Bonilla et al.•Economic Development and Cultural…•2025

  • Welfare and Redistributive Effects of Social Assistance in the Global South

    Open Access•Miguel Niño‐zarazúa•Population and Development Review•2019

  • Social protection for all ages? Impacts of Ethiopia's Productive Safety Net Program on child nutrition

    Open Access•Caitlin Porter, Catherine Porter et al.•Social Science & Medicine•2016

  • The economics, technology, and neuroscience of human capability formation

    Open Access•James J Heckman•Proceedings of the National…•2007

  • Filipino Children Exhibit Catch-Up Growth from Age 2 to 12 Years

    Open Access•Linda S Adair•The Journal of Nutrition•1999

  • Worldwide Timing of Growth Faltering

    Cesar G Victora, Mercedes De Onís et al.•PEDIATRICS•2010

  • Longer-Term Effects of Head Start

    Eliana Garces, Duncan Thomas et al.•American Economic Review•2002

  • The fetal and infant origins of adult disease.

    Open Access•David J Barker•BMJ•1990

  • Effects of early childhood psychosocial stimulation and nutritional supplementation on cognition and education in growth-stunted Jamaican children

    Open Access•Susan Walker, Susan P Walker et al.•The Lancet•2005

  • Developmental potential in the first 5 years for children in developing countries

    Open Access•Sally Grantham‐mcgregor, Sally Grantham-McGregor et al.•The Lancet•2007

  • Experimental Analysis of Neighborhood Effects

    Open Access•Jeffrey R Kling, Jeffrey B Liebman et al.•Econometrica•2007

  • Boys live dangerously in the womb

    Open Access•Johan G Eriksson, Eero Kajantie et al.•American Journal of Human Biology•2010

  • Cash Transfers, Behavioral Changes, and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

    Karen Macours, Norbert Schady et al.•American Economic Journal Applied…•2012

  • Investing in early human development

    Open Access•Orla Doyle, Colm Harmon et al.•Economics & Human Biology•2009

  • Long-Term Effects of Early Childhood Programs on Cognitive and School Outcomes

    W Steven Barnett•The Future of Children•1995

  • The Impact of Improving Nutrition During Early Childhood on Education among Guatemalan Adults

    Open Access•John A Maluccio, John Hoddinott et al.•The Economic Journal•2009

Unique citing works28
Citations per year2.8
Citation span2016 - 2026 (11)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 27

Tools

Open DOISci-Hub
Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae