How the Time of Day Affects Productivity
Evidence from School Schedules
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 19316646 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Nolan G Pope, Nolan Pope (0000-0002-2497-2379, University of Chicago, corresponding author) |
| Year | 2016 |
| Volume | 98 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 1-11 |
| Publication date | 2016-03-01 |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | The Review of Economics and Statistics (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0034-6535 • E-ISSN: 1530-9142 |
| Publisher | MIT Press - Journals (PUBLISHER) |
| DOI | 10.1162/rest_a_00525 |
| OpenAlex | W2089135307 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 11 |
| References cited | 24 |
Increasing the efficiency of the school system is a primary focus of policymakers. I analyze how the time of day affects students’ productivity and if efficiency gains can be obtained by rearranging the order of tasks they perform throughout the school day. Using a panel data set of nearly 2 million sixth- through eleventh-grade students in Los Angeles County, I perform within-teacher, class type, and student estimation of the time-of-day effect on students’ learning as measured by GPA and state test scores. I find that given a school start time, students learn more in the morning than later in the school day. Having a morning instead of afternoon math or English class increases a student’s GPA by 0.072 (0.006) and 0.032 (0.006), respectively. A morning math class increases state test scores by an amount equivalent to increasing teacher quality by one-fourth standard deviation or half of the gender gap. Rearranging school schedules can lead to increased academic performance
Demographic economics · Econometrics · Economics · Macroeconomics · Productivity · Impact of Light on Environment and Health · School Choice and Performance · Sleep and related disorders
The Impact of Continuous School Day on Women’s Participation in the Labour Market
In-Class versus Out-of-Class Flipped Classroom Models in English as a Foreign Language Writing
Time of Day and High-Stake Cognitive Assessments
Does a delayed school start time cause students to exercise less? Evidence from South Korea
What Are the Occupational Risks in Forestry? Results of a Long-Term Study in Slovakia
El modelo de jornada escolar a debate desde la percepción de docentes jubilados
High school start times and student achievement
Schedule‐Driven Productivity
Children’s Sleep and Human Capital Production
Time in School
Understanding Comprehensive Learning Requirements in the Light of al-Zarnūjī's Ta'līm al-Muta'allim
Gender Similarities Characterize Math Performance
Association between Puberty and Delayed Phase Preference
The Long-Term Impacts of Teachers
Sleep Schedules and Daytime Functioning in Adolescents
Measuring the Impacts of Teachers II
Sleep, circadian rhythms, and delayed phase in adolescence
Diurnal Variation in Logical Reasoning
| Citations per year | 1.1 |
|---|---|
| Citation span | 2016 - 2026 (11) |
| Highly cited | No |