How does Parental Leave Affect Fertility and Return to Work? Evidence from Two Natural Experiments
Bibliographic Data
| ID | 19602003 |
|---|---|
| Authors | Rafael Lalive (0000-0003-1938-692X, Center for Economic and Policy Research), Josef Zweimüller (Center for Economic and Policy Research) |
| Year | 2009 |
| Volume | 124 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 1363-1402 |
| Publication date | 2009-07-29 |
| Peer Reviewed | Yes |
| Open Access | No |
| Type | ARTICLE |
| Venue | The Quarterly Journal of Economics (JOURNAL) |
| Journal identifiers | ISSN: 0033-5533 • E-ISSN: 1531-4650 |
| Publisher | Oxford University Press (PUBLISHER • GB) |
| DOI | 10.1162/qjec.2009.124.3.1363 |
| OpenAlex | W2116215928 |
| Language | EN |
| Citations received | 141 |
| References cited | 16 |
This paper analyzes the effects of changes in the duration of paid, job-protected parental leave on mothers' higher-order fertility and postbirth labor market careers. Identification is based on a major Austrian reform increasing the duration of parental leave from one year to two years for any child born on or after July 1, 1990. We find that mothers who give birth to their first child immediately after the reform have more second children than prereform mothers, and that extended parental leave significantly reduces return to work. Employment and earnings also decrease in the short run, but not in the long run. Fertility and work responses vary across the population in ways suggesting that both cash transfers and job protection are relevant. Increasing parental leave for a future child increases fertility strongly but leaves short-run postbirth careers relatively unaffected. Partially reversing the 1990 extension, a second 1996 reform improves employment and earnings while compressing the time between births
Affect (linguistics) · Cash · Demographic economics · Duration (music) · Earnings · Economics · Fertility · Labour economics · Natural experiment · Parental leave · Population · Sociology · Work (physics) · Demography · Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics · Medicine · Psychology · Retirement, Disability, and Employment · Work-Family Balance Challenges
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| Unique citing works | 141 |
|---|---|
| Citations per year | 8,81 |
| Citation span | 2010 - 2026 (17) |
| Citation velocity | current |
| Highly cited | Yes |
| Citation types | Neutral: 133 |