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Women in the Police Academy

A National-Level Exploration of the Gendered Nature of Non-Completion

Bibliographic Data

ID20394207
AuthorsEugene A Paoline (0000-0001-9483-8629, University of Central Florida, corresponding author), John J Sloan (0000-0002-1434-2162, University of Alabama at Birmingham)
Year2024
Volume34
Issue6
Pages419-437
Publication date2024-11-01
Peer ReviewedYes
Open AccessNo
TypeARTICLE
VenueWomen & Criminal Justice (JOURNAL)
Journal identifiersISSN: 0897-4454 • E-ISSN: 1541-0323
PublisherInforma UK Limited (PUBLISHER • GB)
DOI10.1080/08974454.2022.2035302
OpenAlexW4213332182
LanguageEN
Citations received6
References cited36

The underrepresentation of women in policing is well documented as are efforts to understand the disparity. Some of these efforts have examined the first point newly hired women experience occupational socialization: basic law enforcement training at police academies nationwide. Largely absent from this line of research are studies of why women recruits—compared to men—fail to successfully complete basic training. To fill this empirical void, the current inquiry utilizes national-level data to examine the reasons women, compared to men, fail to complete academy basic training. Our results reveal statistically significant gendered differences in reasons for training non-completion by level of stress emphasized during training and type of academy affiliation that include voluntary withdrawal by recruits and non-voluntary withdrawal for failure to meet qualifying standards for physical fitness, firearms, and driving. The implications of these findings for police practice and research are discussed and recommendations are made

Empirical research · Law enforcement · Management · Medical education · Political science · Socialization · Turnover · Applied Psychology · Crime Patterns and Interventions · Law · Medicine · Policing Practices and Perceptions · Psychology · Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies · Social Psychology

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    Jacinta M Gau, Eugene A Paoline et al.•Women & Criminal Justice•2025

  • Gender differences in serious police misconduct

    Open Access•Timothy Cubitt, Timothy I C Cubitt et al.•Journal of Criminal Justice•2022

  • Understanding disproportionate female completion rates at police academies

    David Alexander Bowers, Olga Semukhina et al.•Police Practice and Research•2024

  • Role Incongruity of Women in United States Law Enforcement

    Open Access•Venessa Garcia•Gender Work and Organization•2025

  • How Did They Do It? Success Factors for Women Pursuing Positions on Elite Police Specialty Units

    NATALIE TODAK, Katharine L Brown et al.•Women & Criminal Justice•2025

  • Getting in, but getting through? A 20-year national examination of the representation and success of women in the police academy

    Open Access•Eugene A Paoline, Matt R Nobles et al.•Journal of Criminal Justice•2026

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    Open Access•Venessa Garcia•Journal of Contemporary Criminal…•2003

  • Why Did You Become a Police Officer? Entry-Related Motives and Concerns of Women and Men in Policing

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  • Predictors of successful police academy recruits and rationalizations for attrition

    Kelesha Nevers•Police Practice and Research•2019

  • Women Police Officers and the Use of Coercion

    Eugene A Paoline, William Terrill•Women & Criminal Justice•2004

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    Corina Schulze•Women & Criminal Justice•2012

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  • A National Comparison of Police Academies Operated by Academic Institutions and by Law Enforcement Agencies

    John J Sloan, Eugene A Paoline•Journal of Criminal Justice…•2021

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    Open Access•Carol A Archbold, Dorothy Moses Schulz•Sociology Compass•2012

  • Who Dreams of Badges? Gendered Self-Concept and Policing Career Aspirations

    Open Access•Samantha S Clinkinbeard, Starr J Solomon et al.•Feminist Criminology•2020

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  • Hard Charger' or 'Station Queen'? Policing and the Masculinist State

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    Open Access•Eugene A Paoline•Journal of Criminal Justice•2003

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Unique citing works6
Citations per year1,5
Citation span2022 - 2026 (5)
Citation velocitycurrent
Highly citedNo
Citation typesNeutral: 4

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